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A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF HONEY AND SOME SELECTED BEVERAGES ON HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN MALE WISTAR RATS
(Al-Hikmah Journal of Education (AHJE)., 2020-06-21) A. Oluwasola; A.O. Akiode; O.E. Ayoola; A. T. Woleola; Garba Sa’adu
This study investigated a comparative study of the effects of honey and some selected beverages on haematological parameters in male wistar rats. Twenty five male rats (180-220g) were assigned into 5 groups of 5 animals each, such that the rats in groups I, II, III, IV and V received orally 1mL distilled water, 0.2mg/kg body weight (BW) of honey, 0.2mg/kg BW of vitamin C, 0.3mg/kg body weight (BW) of zobo and 0.2mg/kg BW of cocoa power, respectively. White blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), neutrophils, eosinophils, pack cell volume (PVC), haemoglobin (Hb) and lymphocytes were measured using standard methods. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in WBC, lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils for all the treated groups when compared to the control. However, there were significant increase (p<0.05) in RBC, Hb and PVC for honey, zobo and cocoa powder -treated groups when compared to vitamin c-treated group and the control. There were also significant increase (p<0.05) in RBC and Hb for honey and zobo-treated groups when compared to cocoa powder, vitamin c-treated groups and the control. This study showed that honey, zobo and cocoa powder stimulate haematological parameters most especially, RBC, PCV and Hb respectively. It is therefore recommended that honey, zobo and cocoa powder could be taken by people with shortage of RBC, PCV and Hb respectively. In addition, honey and zobo are highly recommended because of their high stimulatory effects on haematological parameters.
Adansonia digitata aqueous leaf extract ameliorates dexamethasone-induced testicular injury in male Wistar rats
(Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction, 2021) Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan
Objective: To evaluate the effects of aqueous leaf extract of Adansonia (A.) digitata L on dexamethasone-induced testicular damage in male Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty adult male Wistar rats weighing 170-190 g were divided into four groups. Group栺received 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer orally for 28 days and served as the normal control group; group栻 received 10 mg/kg of dexamethasone (a synthetic glucocorticoid) intraperitoneally for 7 days and 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer orally for 21 days, group栿 received 10 mg/kg of dexamethasone for 7 days and 800 mg/kg of A. digitata extract orally for 21 days; group 桇 received 10 mg/kg of dexamethasone for 7 days and 300 mg/kg of vitamin-E orally for 21 days. Dexamethasone was administered intra-peritoneally for 7 days and all administration lasted for 28 days. The rats were sacrificed by anesthesia with diethyl ether and the testes of each animal were harvested. The testis was homogenized in 0.25 M sucrose at 4°曟 for biochemical and histological analyses. Results: Administration of dexamethasone significantly decreased body weight, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (P<0.05), and significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) activities (P<0.05). The degeneration in the population of spermatogonia and vacuolation and abnormal widening of the interstitial spaces were observed in the rats treated with dexamethasone. However, administration of A. digitata significantly increased SOD, GPx, G6PDH, and LDH levels, significantly decreased MDA activities and improved the histoarchitecture of the testis (P<0.05). Conclusions: A. digitata may have an ameliorative effect on dexamethasone-induced testicular damage in Wistar rats because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Aqueous extract of Adansonia digitata prevents Cadmium Chloride-induced testicular damage in Wistar Rats
(J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacology - de gruyter, 2021) Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan
Objectives: The role of aqueous extract of Adansonia dig itata was investigated against cadmium chloride-induced testicular damage in Wistar Rats. Methods: Thirty (30) male Wistar Rats weighing (150–170) were divided into six groups (n=5). Group A served as con trol and received oral administration of phosphate buffer saline; groupBreceived800mg/kgA.digitataonly;groupC wereinjectedintraperitoneallywithsingledose2mg/kgb.w cadmium chloride; group D were injected intraperitoneally with single dose2 mg/kgb.wcadmiumchlorideandtreated with 800 mg/kg aqueous extract of A. digitata; groupE received 300 mg/kg vitamin E only; group F were injected intraperitoneally with single dose 2 mg/kg b.w cadmium chloride and treated with 300 mg/kg vitamin E. After 21 days, the animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, thetestes wereexcisedfixedinBouinsfluidsforhistological analysis and the other homogenized in5%sucrose solution for determination of tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzyme activity, biochemical assay. Results: The group treated with cadmium chloride plus A. digitata caused significant decrease in MDA levels with significant increase (p<0.05) in antioxidant activities and biochemical enzymes when compared to cadmium chlo ride only group. Conclusions: Aqueous extract of A. digitata appears to have ameliorative effect against cadmium chloride induced testicular damage. This could be attributed to the presence of polyphenolic compound
Assessment of Microbiological Quality of Ready to Eat Food Served in Ships Along Warri, Koko and Port Harcourt Water Ways, Nigeria
(Science publication, 2022-03-11) Yusuf Babatunde Adiama; Olawale Henry Sawyerr; Opasola Afolab Olaniyi; Alero Favour Fregene; Mubarakat Alabede; Raimi Morufu Olalekan
Food borne outbreaks have been associated with sourcing unsafe food. Therefore, the first preventative strategy should be to source safe food. Even if the sourced food is safe, measures need to be put in place to ensure that it remains safe during the tra nsfer, storage, preparation and serving activities that follow. An understanding of the ship food supply and trans- fer chain will help to illustrate the points at which the food can become contaminated en route to the point of consumption. Objectives: The study was conducted in selected sea port in the core Niger Delta to assessed the microbiological quality of food served at different ship galley to crew and passengers and compered it to standard. Methods: Samples of food were taken from three (Port Harcourt Area one (PHSP), Warri (WSP) and Koko (KSP)) seaports within the South-South zone for laboratory analysis to uncover food spoilage microorganisms capable of causing disease outbreak among ship which could result to Trans border diseases. Eleven samples of different ready to eat food were collected from the locations, which included cooked rice; fried fish, irish potato porridge, vegetable soup, griki, pepper soup, fried irish potato, salad and bread were collected randomly. The samples were prepared and analyzed using standard procedures. Mean viable counts of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were determined, ranging from (13×103cfu/g to 78×104 cfu/g) for ready to eat food. Results: Based on the finding KSP I, KSP J and KSP K food samples had the highest bac- terial contamination on food while WSP F, WSP G and WSP H food samples had the least with the following isolates Salmonella spp, Nocardia spp, Shigella spp, Listeria spp, Bacillus cereus, Leuconostoc spp, Acinetobacter spp, Acetobacter spp, campylobacter spp, Clostridium spp and Vibrio spp which revealed that the isolates were susceptible to any of these antibiotics Septrin, Chloramphenicol, Gentamycin, Tarvid, Streptomycin, Reflacin, Augumetin, Ceporex, Nalidixic acid, Ampicillin, Ciproflox, Penicil- lin and Erythromycin. Conclusion: Thus, ships operators and regulatory body are expected to take all practicable measures to ensure that they do not receive unsafe or unsuitable food and maintain adequate food temperature at all time.monitoring in place.
Biocomposites for aerospace engineering applications
(Elsevier, 2023) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
The need to replace synthetic-derived materials has increased significantly due to the recent advancements in natural fiber reinforced polymer composites in the automotive, gas and oil, construction, electronics, and aerospace industries. However, the widespread use of biomaterials has been limited by their poor flame retardant (FR) properties. There is an increased demand from automotive and aero space industries to produce environmentally friendly bio-based materials with non halogenated self-extinguishing properties. Studies have shown that enhancing the FR characteristics of biomaterials can increase their adaptability in aerospace indus try. This chapter focuses on the emerging technologies utilized for biocomposite, biopolymer, and biofiber production and their applications in the aerospace industry.
Effect of Acute Administration of Ethanol Extract of Cannabis sativa Leaf on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Male and Female Wistar Rats
(Society for Experimental Biology of Nigeria (NISEB), 2023-06-30) Amuda Oluwasola; M.E. Balogun; A.F. Odetayo; O.E. Ayoola; S.S. Muzzammill; E.B. Mariam; S.O. Zainab; V.J. Nkemdili; O.J. Adekunle; O.J. Deborah; N.H. Aishat; A.M. Comfort
Oxidative stress is a phenomenon caused by an imbalance between production and accumulation of oxygen reactive species (ROS) in the cells and tissues and the ability of a biological system to detoxify these reactive products. This study investigated the acute effect of different doses of ethanolic extract annabis sativa (EECS) on oxidative stress biomarkers in male (M) and female (F) Wister rats. Twenty male rats (170 g ± 1.24) and twenty female rats (150 g ± 1.05) were separately assigned into four groups of five animals each for male and female, such that the rats in groups IM and IF, IIM and IIF, IIIM and IIIF and IVM and IVF received orally 1 mL of distilled water, 2 mg/kg body weight (BW) of EECS, 4 mg/kg BW of EECS and 6 mg/kg BW of EECS respectively for twenty one (21) days. Catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione reductase (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined using standard methods. Administration of different doses (2 mg/kg BW, 4 mg/kg BW and 6 mg/kg BW) of EECS significantly (p<0.05) decreased catalase, SOD, GPx, GSH and TAC levels respectively when compared with the control. However, Cannabis sativa (CS) increased MDA and LDH levels significantly (p<0.05) when compared with the control. It was deduced that these alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers were dependent on the doses of CS consumed. Thus, the more the concentration of CS consumed, the more it may affect oxidative stress biomarkers negatively. In addition, all these effects of CS on oxidative stress biomarkers were more in male than in female.
Effect of Cannabis sativa on Haematological Parameters in Male and Female Wistar Rats
(ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL of MEDICAL TOXICOLOGY, 2024) Oluwasola, Amuda; Jimoh, Lukman; ADEDOKUN, MODUPE COMFORT
Background: Consumption of Cannabis sativa (CS) (Marijuana), a well-known psychoactive substance may impose serious side effects on the body cells. This study aims to investigate the effects of CS on both male and female Wistar rats to identify the potential sex differences and examine specific blood parameters to understand cannabis’s impact (taking into consideration, dose-dependent) on blood health. Method: Administration of CS was done by oral cannula daily for 21 days. All the groups have free access to food and water. At the end of 21 days, all the animals were sacrificed and haematological parameters were measured using microplateimmunoenzymometric (EMA/ELISA) assays. Results: We observed that pack cell volume (PCV), Red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin, basophil, eosinophil and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of the groups treated with high doses ( 4 and 6mg/kgbw) of CS were each significantly (p<0.05) decrease in both male and female groups than the control and low dose (2mg/kgbw) respectively. However, platelet, white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were each increased significantly (p<0.05) in both male and female groups treated with high doses of CS than the control and low dose respectively. There was no significant difference in mean corpuscular haemoglobin among the groups in both males and females. Additionally, there was no significant difference in all the haematological parameters between the control and 2mg/kg bw for both male and female groups. Conclusion: This study showed that CS seriously affected dose-dependent haematological parameters. However, these effects were more pronounced in males than in female rats. Keywords: Dose-dependent, Short-term, Sex differences, Blood health
Honey supplemented with Vitamin C prevents dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress induced by exposure to lead acetate in Wistar rats
(Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 2022) Olugbemi Temitope Olaniyan
Objectives: Lead is an environmental toxicant known to cause dyslipidaemia through oxidative stress damage. The therapeutic potential of honey has widely been reported. However, there is a paucity of reports on its effects on lipid profile in Wistar rats exposed to lead. Materials and Methods: The effects of honey on antioxidants and lipid profile indicators were studied in 25 male Wistar rats. The rats were randomly assigned to one of the five groups (n = 5) as follows: Group I served as the control and received deionised water; Group II served as a lead acetate group (40 mg/kg bw) and Groups III, IV and V served as lead acetate groups coadministered with honey (1 mL/kg bw), Vitamin C (100 mg/kg bw) and honey+Vitamin C, respectively. The treatments were orally administered for 28 days. Body and liver weights were determined using an analytical weighing balance. Glucose and lead concentration, superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the lipid profile indicators were determined using spectrophotometry. The liver histology was assessed by haematoxylin and eosin staining techniques. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance, and the results were expressed as mean ± S.E.M. at P < 0.05. Results: Body weight, SOD, and TAC increased significantly in the treatment groups compared to lead acetate only. However, lead, glucose concentration, MDA, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, and LDL decreased significantly in the treatment groups compared to lead acetate only. Normal histoarchitecture of the liver was seen in the treatment groups compared to lead acetate, which showed areas of inflammation. Conclusion: These findings imply that honey prevents dyslipidaemia which is a risk factor for metabolic diseases.
Immobilised tannin: Efficient trap for nickel and lead ions in aqueous solution
(Environmental Challenges - ELSEVIER, 2021) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
Quantity of water is a major concern, but the quality is of more urgent concern due to heavy metal pollution. In this study, the focus was to develop adsorbents (tannin resin (TR) and iron-doped tannin resin (Fe-TR)) from invasive Acacia mearnsii for Pb 2 + and Ni 2 + in solution. The developed TR and Fe-TR were prepared directly by crosslinking and iron-grafting; respectively with thermal stable at ≤ 350 °C. Surface functionality analysis revealed the presence of chelating groups at ≈ 1688 and 3661 cm − 1 . The crystallite sizes of the adsorbents were smaller compared to tannin; however, the % carbon and nitrogen were significantly higher. Also, the Brunauer Emmet–Teller study revealed that iron-grafting of tannin after crosslinking increases the surface area, pore volume and pore size. Furthermore, the surface morphology of adsorbents indicated a well-defined structure with the formation of a whitish deposit and rough lump-like after ion uptake. Both adsorbents showed a type II isotherm with adsorption capacities of 40.650 mg/g and 13.763 mg/g for Pb 2+ and 120.63 mg/g and 110.74 for Ni 2 + ion by TR and Fe-TR; respectively. The absorbate-adsorbent interactions were observed to be endothermic with negative and positive Gibb’s free energy values for the adsorption of Pb 2 + and Ni 2 + ; respectively. The adsorption kinetics of Ni 2 + is governed by several models; however, Pb 2 + interaction is regulated by Pseudo-second-order model. Furthermore, the data generated offered the possibility of both chemisorption and physisorption processes; highlighting the flexibility and multifunctionality of tannin traps for the erasure of ion impurities in wastewater.
Impact of COVID-19 on assisted reproductive technologies and its multifacet influence on global bioeconomy
(Journal of Reproductive Healthcare and Medicine, 2021) Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan
Several nations of the world have issued instructions such as travel restrictions, border closure, and lockdown, plus other directives proposing that non-essential care must be withdrawn including assisted reproductive services, in an attempt to identify resources to ascertain the dissemination of SARS-CoV-2. This has led to massive shortage in medical supplies, inappropriate service delivery, hike in price, decrease in staff work load, salary cut, decrease in the utilization of qualitative maternal, and reproductive health-care services thereby creating high risk on reproductive health and global bioeconomy. The search for right candidate for the management of coronavirus disease 2019 and several reproductive health challenges begins with the screening of natural products to identify novel active constituent. Moreover, there is need to pay more attention to crucial phytochemical, bioactive fractions, phytoanalysis, and phytopharmacological investigation for effective drug discovery most especially these bioresources from beneficial microorganisms, plants, and ocean deposits that could help in mitigation of SARS-CoV-2 and reproduction health challenges through chemoinformatics, informatics, synthetic biology, nanotechnology, and metabolomics hence boosting the global economy.
Increase in SARS-CoV-2 infected biomedical waste among low middle-income countries: environmental sustainability and impact with health implications
(J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacology - de gruyter, 2021) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
Studies have shown that severe acute respira tory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly in fectious disease, withglobaldeathsrisingtoabout360,438 as of 28 May 2020. Different countries have used various approaches such as lockdown, social distancing, mainte nanceofpersonalhygiene, andincreasedestablishmentof testing andisolationcenterstomanagethepandemic.Poor biomedical waste (BMW) management, treatment, and disposaltechniques,especiallySARS-CoV-2infectedBMW, maythreaten the environmental and public health in most developing countries and, by extension, impact the eco nomic status of individuals and the nation at large. This mayincreasethepotentialforthetransmissionofair/blood body fluid-borne pathogens, increase the growth of micro organisms, risk of mutagenesis, and upsurge of morevirulent strain. In contrast, uncontrolled substandard burning could increase the potential spread of nosocomial infection and environmental exposure to toxic organic compounds, heavy metals, radioactive, and genotoxic bio-aerosols which might be present in the gaseous, liquid, and solid by-products. The paucity of understanding of pathophysiology and manage ment of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has also necessitated the need to put in place appropriate disposal techniques to cater for the sudden increase in the global demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) and pharmaceutical drugs to manage the pandemic and to reduce the risk of preventable infection by the waste. Therefore, there is a need for adequate sensitization, awareness, and environmental monitoring of the impacts of improper handling of SARS-CoV-2 infected BMWs.Hence,this review aimed to address the issues relating to the improper management of increased SARS-CoV-2 infected BMW in low middle-income countries (LMICs).
Malaria Endemicity: A Survey of Antimalarial Herbal Products in Ijebu Ode, Nigeria
(federal University Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences (DUJOPAS), 2023-09-19) Olaniyi Afolabi Opasola, Edet Otto, Kayode Ogunyemi, and John Salami
Empirical evidence has shown that approximately 80% of the global population uses herbal medicines as primary care, especially in developing nations, particularly Nigeria. Despite this, an estimated 95% of global cases of malaria occur in Africa, with Nigeria accounting for approximately 27%. Therefore, the current study investigated the prevalence of antimalarial herbal medicinal products in Ijebu-Ode for the fight against malaria endemicity. It explored their regulatory registration and active plant components, considering the documented evidence of their use for treating malaria. A cross-sectional study was adopted in the collection of empirical data and analyzed in SPSS (version 23.0), while spatial data were analyzed in ARC-GIS, and the results were graphically presented using pictorial variables. The results revealed the availability of approximately 18 different antimalarial herbal products, of which 72.2% were registered with regulatory agencies. Similarly, the herbal products were shown to contain more than one plant species as their active component (Azadirachta indica (83.3%), Nauclea latifolia (55.6%), and Enantia chlorantia (44.4%), which may be responsible for multiple indications (typhoid (83.3%), yellow fever (38.9%), and cold (33.3%). The results of this study provide valuable insights for developing evidence-based policies to standardize and regulate herbal remedies, particularly for combating malaria and other endemic conditions. These findings have implications for public health and the development of effective strategies to address the challenges posed by malaria in Nigeria and other similar regions.
Melatonin Mitigates Hormonal Toxicity in Cannabis -Treated Female Wistar Rats
(African Journals Online (AJOL), 2023-05-29) A. Oluwasola; O.E. Ayoola; Garba Saa'du; M.A. Adepoju; S.A. Biliaminu; L.A. OLayaki
Cannabis which is obtained from the flowering tops, Cannabis is obtained from the flowering tops, leaves and resin of the female plant of Cannabis sativa leaves and resin of the female plant of Cannabis sativa L. (family Cannabidaceae), is the most commonly L. (family Cannabidaceae), is the most commonly abused illicit drugs worldwide. It is also one of the abused illicit drugs worldwide1 with medicinal uses.2 commonly abused substances by women of The active component, Ä9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Ä9- childbearing age. Researchers have shown that THC), has been used for treating migraine headache, Cannabinoids have negative effects on the activity of glaucoma, nausea, and anorexia. However, its gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)-secreting detrimental effects on reproductive system have been neurons by direct and indirect mechanisms. Thus, reported. Marijuana is one of the commonly abused researches are needed to mitigate these side effects of substances by women of childbearing age.3 It has been Cannabis-sativa(CS) because of its recreational reported that about 64-79% of female are cannabis purposes which are increasing rapidly. This study users' nationwide3 which can lead to pregnancy loss.4 investigated the effects of CS on hormonal toxicity and Cannabinoids have also been reported to have negative the ameliorative role of melatoninin female rats. effects on the activity of gonadotropin releasing CS significantly (p<0.05) decreased hormone (GnRH)-secreting neurons by direct and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle indirect mechanisms.5,6,7 Moreover, it has been shown stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), to have direct oestrogenic effect on the uterus 8 leading Oestrogen (E), progesterone and prolactin levels of the to the binding of 3â-estradiol to oestrogen receptors.9 It cannabis-treated female ratsrespectively. However,all also has direct effect on the ovary 1011thus, inhibiting these hormones were significantly (p<0.05) reducedby ovarian prostaglandin synthesis which is involved in co-administration of CS with melatonin to the level follicular rupturing during ovulation.11CBR1 is mostly comparable to the control. expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) where it This study showed the hormonal toxicity mediates the central cannabinoids actions. caused by CS which could be mediated by endocrine Peripherally, its expression has been shown to be disruption in female rats. However, these effects could present in the reproductive tissues.12In addition, CB1 be ameliorated by melatonin. Since the consumption of has been found to also be present in the ovary, uterine CS is increasing globally because of its medical uses endometrium, testis, vas deferens, urinary bladder, and leading to its legalization, therefore, consumption of other peripheral endocrine and neurological tissues. melatonin as supplement may be recommended for its CB2 receptors, in contrast, have a fairly limited users. distribution, being found predominantly in immune cells,14mast cells,15 immune cells (B and natural killer cells.
Modulatory Role of Vitamin E on Proton Pump (ATPase) Activity of Cadmium Chloride-Induced Testicular Damage in Wistar Rats
(Hindawi BioMed Research International, 2021) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
Proton pumps are membrane-bound enzymes important in generating gradients that help in maintaining cellular ion homeostasis, cell membrane potential, water, and solute transport across the cell surface. This study investigated the modulatory role of vitamin E on proton pump activity and reproductive parameters in cadmium-induced testicular damage. Twenty (20) male Wistar rats weighing between 180 and 200g were sorted into 4 groups of five rats each. Group I served as the control and was given normal saline orally, Group II rats were treated with a single dose of 2mg/kg BW cadmium chloride (CdCl2) intraperitoneally, Group III rats were given 100mg/kg BW of vitamin E orally, and Group IV rats were given 100mg/kg BW of vitamin E orally for 30 days prior to intraperitoneal administration of single dose of 2mg/kg BW of cadmium chloride. The rats were anaesthetized with diethyl ether, and blood samples were obtained for sex hormonal analysis; caudal epididymis was dissected for sperm count, motility, and viability, and the testis were homogenized for lipid peroxidation and proton pump (Na+/K+ ATPase, Ca2+ ATPase, and Mg2+ ATPase) activity. Proton pump activity was assayed spectrophotometrically using the Stewart method to determine the inorganic phosphate level. Histopathological changes of the testis were also studied. The group treated with CdCl2 showed a significant (p <0:05) decrease in proton pump activity, sperm count, and motility and a significant (p <0:05) increase in malondialdehyde level when compared with the control group. The CdCl2-treated group also showed decrease reproductive organ weights and hormonal levels and cause necrosis of spermatogonia lining the seminiferous tubules. Rats treated with vitamin E orally for 30 days prior to CdCl2 exposure showed improvement in proton pump activity, a significant (p<0:05) increase in sperm parameters and luteinizing hormonal level, and a decrease in the lipid peroxidation level as compared with the CdCl2 group. This study showed that vitamin E ameliorated the toxic effect of CdCl2 on proton pump activity in the testes, hence improving testicular integrity, structures, and functions.
No One Is Leaving This Time
(escientificlibrary, 2022-04-22) Yusuf Babatunde Adiama; Solomon Olayinka Adewoye; Opasola Afolabi Olaniyi; Habeeb Modupe Lateefat; Abdullahi Ahmed; Morufu Olalekan Raimi
Historically, ships have played an important role in transmitting infectious diseases around the world. The spread of cholera pandemics in the 19 th century was thought to be linked to trade routes and facilitated by merchant shipping. The international maritime traffic of people and goods has often contributed to the spread of pathogens affecting public health. To assess level of awareness and knowledge of international Health regulation (IHR 2005) content among port health officer Methods: The study design was descriptive cross-sectional evaluation, questionnaires were used to capture the respondents’ knowledge, awareness and sanitary condition of ship in accordance with (IHR 2005) On awareness and knowledge, Majority of the respondent (77.1 %) demonstrate good awareness of the IHR (2005), while 22.9% had not and some even testified of hearing the said document for the first time. Despite the fact that majority of respondent were aware but only 24.6% of them can actually demonstrate good knowledge of IHR (2005) and its intent to protect and prevent spread of disease along the international route.There is need to improve the knowledge of port health officers by expand training and guidance on application of the IHR’s to frontline officer at point of entries. Also ensure more thorough inspection and avoid influence of ship agent during inspection of ship
Ovarian Metabolic activity in Dehydroepiandrosterone-Induced Polycystic Ovary in Wistar rats Treated with Aspirin
(JBRA Assisted Reproduction, 2019) Olugbemi T Olaniyan
Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rep resents 75% of the cases of anovulatory infertility. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of aspirin on de hydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) - induced polycystic ovary syndrome in Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty eight (28) pre-pubertal female Wis tar rats of 21 days old weighing 16 - 21 g were divided into 4 groups (7 rats/group) and treated as follows; group I received distilled water and served as Control; Group II re ceived 6 mg/100 g body weight DHEA in 0.2 ml of oil sub cutaneously to induce PCOS. Group III received 7.5 mg/ kg of aspirin orally; Group IV received 6 mg/100kg of body weight of DHEA in 0.2ml of oil subcutaneously and 7.5 mg/ kg of aspirin orally. After 15 days of administration, the rats were slaughtered by cervical dislocation. Blood sam ples and ovaries were collected for reproductive hormonal analysis, biochemical and histopathological analysis. The expressions of mRNA androgen receptor (AR) gene in the ovary were determined by real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). All the data was an alyzed using one way ANOVA with the Graph pad prism software version 6. A p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The results obtained showed that dehydroe piandrosterone treatment caused significant decrease (p<0.05) in total protein, superoxide Dismutase (SOD), glutathione-s- transferase (GST), Ca2+ ATPase, and signif icant increase (p<0.05) in malondialdehyde, vascular en dothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor and estrogen as compared to Controls. The group co-administered with DHEA and aspirin showed significant increases in SOD, GST, CAT, GSH, Progesterone, Ca2+ ATPase, Na+ ATPase, H+ ATPase and significant reduction (p<0.05) in malondi aldehyde, VEGF, TNF-α and estrogen as compared with the DHEA group. The histopathological analysis showed reduc tions in cystic fibrosis, atretic ovaries, increased expression of Bcl-2 and E- Cadherin and reduced Bax expression in the group that received Aspirin and DHEA. Conclusion: This study clearly demonstrates that Aspirin has ameliorating effects against polycystic ovary syndrome via anti-inflammatory and hormonal modulatory pathways.
Ovarian odorant-like biomolecules in promoting chemotaxis behavior of spermatozoa olfactory receptors during migration, maturation, and fertilization
(Middle East Fertility Society Journal, 2021) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
Background: Studies have shown that olfactory receptor genes are the largest in the human genome, which are significantly expressed in olfactory and non-olfactory tissues such as the reproductive systems where they perform many important biological functions. Main body: There is growing evidence that bioactive metabolites from the ovary, follicular fluid, and other parts of the female reproductive tract signal the sperm through a series of signal transduction cascades that regulate sperm migration, maturation, and fertilization processes. Several studies have highlighted the role of G-protein-coupled receptors in these cellular processes. Thus, we aimed to summarize the existing evidence describing the physiological role of most prominent exogenous and endogenous biomolecules found in the female reproductive organ in enhancing the chemotaxis behavior of spermatozoa during migration, maturation, and fertilization and also to elucidate the pathological implications of its dysfunctions and the clinical significance in human fertility. Short conclusion: In the future, drugs and molecules can be designed to activate these receptors on sperm to facilitate fertility among infertile couples and use as contraceptives.
Protective effects of methanol extract of Plukenetia conophora seeds and 4H-Pyran-4-One 2,3-Dihydro-3,5-Dihydroxy-6-Methyl on the reproductive function of male Wistar rats treated with cadmium chloride
(JBRA Assisted Reproduction, 2018) Olugbemi Tope Olaniyan
Objectives: Male infertility caused by exposure to heavy metals is a current global issue. Exposure to cad mium chloride (CdCl2 ) negatively affects the male repro ductive system. Many infertile people, especially in devel oping countries, resort to folkloric treatment. Plukenetia conophora is used in Nigerian folk medicine to promote fertility. This study investigated the effects of Plukenetia conophora (PC) and 4H-Pyran-4-One 2,3-Dihydro-3,5-Di hydroxy-6-Methyl (DDMP) on Wistar rats with cadmium chloride-induced testicular damage. Methods: Forty-two male Wistar rats (150-190g) were divided into seven groups (n=6) and treated daily for 54 days as follows: Controls (normal saline); CdCl2 (2mg/kg single IP dose); CdCl2 + 200 mg/kg vitamin E; CdCl2 + 100 or 200 mg/kg PC; and CdCl2 + 25 or 50 mg/kg DDMP. The rats were sacrificed 55 days after the start of the study; Samples were collected for analysis. Biochemical parame ters malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, antioxidant enzymes, and proton pumps were measured by spectrophotometry. Reproductive hormones were measured using ELISA. Data were analysed using ANOVA and differences in mean val ues were considered significant at p<0.05. Results: Significant increases in sperm count, motility, and viability were observed in the groups given CdCl2 +Vi tamin E, CdCl2 +PC or CdCl2 +DDMP as compared with the CdCl2 group. Malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels in the groups treated with CdCl2 +PC or CdCl2 +DDMP decreased significantly when compared with the group given CdCl2 . Significant increases were observed in antioxidant en zymes, proton pump, and testosterone in the groups treat ed with CdCl2 +PC or CdCl2 +DDMP, respectively. Conclusion: Plukenetia conophora alleviated male re productive toxicity induced by cadmium chloride in Wistar rats. 4H-Pyran-4-One 2,3-Dihydro-3,5-Dihydroxy-6-Meth yl present in Plukenetia conophora may be responsible for the ameliorative effects.
QuercetinmodulatesgranulosacellmRNA androgenreceptorgeneexpressionin dehydroepiandrosterone-inducedpolycystic ovaryinWistarratsviametabolicandhormonal pathways
(Journal ofBasicandClinicalPhysiologyandPharmacology - DE GRUYTER, 2019) OlugbemiT.Olaniyan
Background: It is estimated that about 5–10% of women suffer from polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) which is a major cause of female reproductive dysfunction. This study examined the role of quercetin on de hydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCO in Wistar rats. AutomaticallygeneratedroughPDFbyProofCheckfromRiverValleyTechnologiesLtd Methods: Twenty-eight pre-pubertal female Wistar rats that are 21 days old weighing 16–21 g were sorted into four groups (n = 7). Group I served as control and was given distilled water only, Group II were injected with 6 mg/100gBWofDHEAin0.2mLofcornoilsubcutaneously, Group III received 100 mg/kg BW of quercetin orally and Group IV received 6 mg/100 g BW of DHEA in 0.2 mL of corn oil subcutaneously and 100 mg/kg BWof quercetin orally. Rats were sacrificed after 15 days by cervical dislocation method. Blood samples and ovaries were collected for hormonal, biochemical, and histopathological analysis and expressions of mRNA androgen receptor gene were determined using RT–qPCR. All data were analysed using one-way ANOVA. Results: Asignificant decrease (p <0.05) intheantioxidant andmetabolicenzymeactivityintheDHEAtreated group was observed when compared with control. DHEA co-administration with quercetin showed a signifi cant decrease in malondialdehyde and cytokines when comparedwithDHEAtreatedgroup.Alsoasignificant increase in progesterone,metabolicandantioxidantenzymeactivitywasobserved.Thehistopathologydemon strates a reduction in cystic and atretic cells, improved expression of BCl2, E-Cadherin and a decrease in Bax. Conclusions: Quercetin alleviated DHEA-induced PCO. These effects could be attributed to its antioxidant property.
Testis and blood-testis barrier in Covid-19 infestation: role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in male infertility
(J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2020 - DE GRUYTER, 2020) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
Abstract: Severeacuterespiratorysyndromecoronavirus2 (SARS- CoV-2) that causes COVID-19 infections penetrates body cells by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptors. Evidence shows that SARS-CoV-2 can also affect the urogenital tract. Hence, it should be given serious attention when treating COVID-19-infected male patients of reproductive age group. Other viruses like HIV, mumps, papilloma and Epstein–Barr can induce viral orchitis, germ cell apoptosis, inflammation and germ cell destruction with attending infertility and tumors. The blood-testis barrier (BTB) and blood-epididymis barrier (BEB) are essential physical barricades in the male repro ductive tract located between the blood vessel and semi niferous tubulesinthetestes.Despitethesignificantroleof these barriers in male reproductive function, studies have shown that a wide range of viruses can still penetrate the barriers and induce testicular dysfunctions. Therefore, this mini-review highlights the role of ACE2 receptors in pro moting SARS-CoV-2-induced blood-testis/epididymal bar rier infiltration and testicular dysfunction.

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