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- ItemCarcass yield of West African dwarf goats fed graded level of millet husk –based diets(TARGID 2026 Congress Proceedings Books,TURSTEP (Turkish Science and Technology Publishing),, 2026-06-15) Ogunbosoye D.O., Ogunsola F.O., Imam A.O., Ajayi A.D., Salau K.B., Zubair J.B and Aremu J.O.The study evaluated the effect of replacing wheat bran with millet husk on the carcass traits of West African dwarf (WAD) goats under. Twenty weaner goats were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments (T1 –T5in a Completely Randomized Design, with 4 animals per treatment. T1 serves as the control with 0% millet husk, while T2, T3, T4, and T5 contained 6.25%, 12.5%, 18.75 and 25% millet husk inclusion levels as a replacement for wheat bran respectively.The feeding trial lasted 90 days and carcass characteristics were assessed. The results revealed that goats on T1 exhibited superior growth and carcass characteristics compared to those on T2 –T5 (p<0.05). However, goats fed diets containing up to 50% millet huskreplacement maintained appreciable live weight and carcass traits, indicating that millet husk andserve as a viable partial substitute for wheat bran. The inclusion of millet husk also promotes the utilization of an agricultural waste, reduce environmental pollution, and adds economics value to millet husk. Additionally, it provides a practical alternatives to mitigate feed scarcityduringthe lean period of the year. It is therefore concluded that millet husk can replace wheat bran at up to 50% in the diets of WAD goats without compromising growth and carcass performance
- ItemTithonia diversifolia Leaf Meal as a Supplement for West African Dwarf Goats(Nexus Academic Publishers (NAP), Lahore, Pakistan, 2026-09-23) Samuel Oyewale Olawoye, Moji Bolanle Adeniran,*, Abiodun Emmanuel Adeleye1, Jimoh Olalekan AremuThe study examined the nutritional response and performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) goats fed diets consisting primarily of cassava peel, supplemented with graded levels of Tithonia diversifolia leaf meal (TDLM) for 70 days in a feeding trial conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Landmark University, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria. Twenty-four growing WAD goats were randomly assigned to four treatment groups, with six animals in each group. Each treatment was replicated three times, with two animals per replicate. The four experimental diets contained graded amounts of TDLM at 0.00%, 5.00%, 10.00%, and 15.00% levels and were fed at 3% of body weight. The 15% group showed the highest numerical weight gain; however, the differences among treatments were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Nutrient digestibility values for NDF, ADF, and ASH were similar (p>0.05) across dietary treatments. Goats fed diets containing 15% TDLM inclusion levels had significantly (p<0.05) higher crude protein digestibility (73.08%). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) across dietary treatments was similar (p>0.05). However, the lowest FCR (5.32) and the highest weight gain (3.55 kg) were recorded in goats fed 15% TDLM inclusion levels, indicating more efficient utilization of the diets by the goats. The study showed that Tithonia diversifolia leaf can be used as a fodder supplement for growing WAD goats up to 15% inclusion in the diet without harmful effects.
- ItemPrediction of Quaternary Protein Structure of HSP90AA1 Gene in Three Nigerian Indigenous Breeds of Sheep(Nigerian Journal of Animal Science and Technology (NJAST),Department of Animal Science, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria., 2026-09-07) De Campos, J.S., Olatunji, O.I., Okunlola, M.A., Oliyide, O.M., Bajomo, E.T., *Aremu, J.O*., Bello, T.S., Adegoke, S.J., Kujero, G.O., Onasanya, G.O., Adeleye, A.A., Olusoji, B. I.,Popoola, A.A., Badmus, M.O., Ajayi, B.J., Abatti, O.S., Adeneye, I.B., Amoo, S.T., Dairo, C.O., Ikeobi, C.O.N.This study aimed to predict and compare the quaternary structure and functions of the HSP90AA1 protein in three indigenous sheep breeds in Nigeria: West African Dwarf (WAD), Yankasa, and Uda. Fifteen healthy adult sheep, comprising five animals per breed, were randomly selected for the study. 2 mls of blood was collected from each animal via jugular vein and preserved on FTA cards for genomic DNA extraction. The HSP90AA1 gene was amplified using two primer sets targeting the 5′ flanking region (300 bp) and intron 10 (700 bp), followed by bidirectional Sanger sequencing. A total of thirty (30) sequence reads were generated, quality-checked using Phred scores (≥30), and aligned using BioEdit software to produce consensus sequences for each breed. The nucleotide sequences were translated into amino acid sequences and analysed using ExPASy. ProtParam software was used for detecting the physicochemical properties and SOPMA software was used for secondary structure prediction. Quaternary structures were predicted using AlphaFold2 Multimer software and visualised using Mol* Viewer. Results revealed clear breedspecific variation in amino acid length, with WAD, Yankasa, and Uda having 1540, 1680, and 1890 amino acids, respectively. Physicochemical analysis showed that the Uda breed exhibited a lower instability index (31.25) and higher aliphatic index (40.68), indicating greater structural stability and thermo-tolerance compared to WAD and Yankasa. All predicted proteins were slightly acidic and hydrophilic. Quaternary structure prediction confirmed a conserved homodimeric organisation across all breeds; however, structural differences were observed, with WAD and Yankasa displaying compact V-shaped conformations, while Uda exhibited a more elongated open-state structure. The study demonstrates that breed-specific variations in the HSP90AA1 gene result in distinct structural and functional differences in the protein, which may contribute to environmental adaptabilities of the Nigerian indigenous sheep. The findings highlight the potential of HSP90AA1 as a molecular marker for breeding heat-resilient sheep and underscores the importance of computational approaches in livestock genetic improvement.
- ItemAssessment of Egg Quality Profiles of Three Nigerian Indigenous Chicken-Types(South Asian Research Publishing Organization (SARPO), Bangladesh., 2025-04-01) Abdulyekeen Olanrewaju Abdulraheem , Gloria Gajere Danapu , Abubakar Sadeeq Magaji , Jimoh Olalekan Aremu , Abdulrazaq Onimisi Raji and, Jibrin AliyuEgg quality assessment was conducted on 100 eggs obtained from three chicken types: shank feathered (33); rose comb (33); and normal feathered (34) reared at the Poultry Unit of the Livestock Teaching and Research Farm, Department of Animal Science, University of Maiduguri, Borno state. Twenty-two egg quality traits (external and internal) were examined. The results revealed that shank feathered type was superior to other genotypes in egg size (egg weight, width, length) and yolk (yolk weight, ratio, width, height) qualities, while rose comb and normal feathered types had better shell- (shell ratio, weight per unit surface area) and albumenrelated (Haugh Unit, Albumen ratio, height) qualities. Egg weight had highest positive correlations with egg surface area in shank and rose comb (0.997, 0.918) genotypes. Thus, Egg surface area could be regarded as best trait to predict Egg weight in these genotypes while Egg weight would be best predicted by egg width (0.623) and shape index (0.619) in normal feathered. Haugh unit was significantly (P
- ItemECONOMICS OF PRODUCTION OF FINISHER BROILER CHICKENS FED MAIZE OFFAL-BASED DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH COMBINATION OF KINGZYME AND GROWINACT ENZYMES(Nig. Soc. for Anim. Prod, 2026-04-01) Jimoh A., Nnabugo P. O. and Aremu J. OThe rising cost of feed and the competitive nature of energy feedstuffs have necessitated the need for alternative feedstuffs in poultry nutrition. This study was conducted to investigate the economics of production of finisher broiler chickens fed maize offal-based diets supplemented with combination of Kingzyme and GrowinAct enzymes. Two hundred Ross 308 four-week old broiler chickens were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments with four replicates and ten birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. The diets had maize offal supplemented with the two enzymes replacing 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of maize respectively in treatments T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5.The birds were fed for 4 weeks and data were collected on growth performance and economic parameters. Results indicate that the birds fed dietary treatment T5 had significantly lowest feed intake compared to other treatments which were not significantly different among themselves. The feed cost per kilogram decreased significantly (p<0.05) as the inclusion of enzymes’ supplemented maize offal increased from treatments T1 to T5. Treatment T5 had the significantly lowest feed cost per bird (₦1756.75) while treatment T1 had the significantly highest feed cost per bird (₦2827.38). All the treatments were not significantly different in their effects on final weight, weight gain, and cost per kilogram weight gain, feed conversion ratio, revenue and profit. The cost-to-benefit ratio was significantly lowest for both treatments T4 and T5 whereas treatments T1 to T3 were similar. It was concluded that maize offal supplemented with combination of Kingzyme and GrowinAct enzymes can replace 100% of maize in the diets of finisher broiler chickens.