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    Qualitative Diversity of Northeastern Nigerian Indigenous Chicken Populations
    (Nigerian J. Anim, Sci, 2026-06-12) Abdulraheem, A.O., Mohammed, A**., Shettima, M. M**., Aremu, J.O*., Allamin, H., Abdulazeez, H., Aliyu, J. and Raji, A. O.
    A total of 600 adult indigenous chickens of central and southern parts of Borno state were examined for qualitative characteristics which consisted of 322 (53.67%) males and 278 (46.33%) females. The qualitative traits considered included plumage colour, comb type, feather characteristics and earlobe, shank and eye colours. Data collected on the qualitative parameters were analyzed using descriptive statistics (means, percentage and frequency) using SPSS (2011), v. 20. There were abundant chickens with brown red (27%) and white birds (17%) in the central while black birds dominated (17.4%) the southern part. Chickens with multicolour plumage were most frequent (31.3%). More hens were multicoloured and cocks were mostly white. Normal feathered chickens abound (59.7%), naked neck (16%) and frizzle (24.3%) feathered chickens were scanty. Cocks of normal feathered (59.9%) and naked neck (21.4%) were more prevalent. Reverse was the case for frizzle feathered (31.7%). Seventy eight percent (78%) of the chickens was normal headed (with no crest). Crestedness was more frequent with birds from the southern part (37.7%). Single comb chickens were in abundant (75.2%). Chickens with white shank (30.3%) were predominant. Chickens with yellow shank colour dominated the southern part (29%). Cocks were more of white shank (31%) and hens were varied in shank colour. Chickens with orange eye colour were predominant (39.2%). Most chickens possessed white earlobe (36.7%). The multiple variants in qualitative characteristics revealed in this study provided essential tools for designing an effective selection and conservation programme for improvement of qualitative potentials inherent in these chickens
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    PROXIMATE STUDY, MINERAL AND ANTI-NUTRIENT COMPOSITION OF CYMBOPOGON CITRANUS LEAVES HARVESTED FROM ILORIN, NIGERIA: POTENTIAL BENEFITS IN ANIMAL NUTRITION AND HEALTH
    (Wayamba University, Sri Lanka, 2017) Ojo Olayinka A
    The leaves of Cymbopogon citranus (Lemon grass) were harvested from Kwara State metropolis in Nigeria during the late rainy season in June 2015 for the proximate, mineral and phytochemical analysis .This study was conducted to know the nutritive value of lemongrass harvested and its potential in Animal Production and health. The standard procedures of AOAC (2003) were used to analyze the proximate composition and mineral analysis. The results of proximate analysis revealed the presence of high crude protein (8.51% ±0.06). The leaves also contained appreciable amounts of crude fibre (4.49% ±0.02), ash (8.02% ± 0.04), crude fat (2.99% ±0.02). The total ash content showed it contained minerals, Ca (0.62% ±0.00), K (1.59% ±0.01), Na (280.00±0.01), Fe (286.5±0.01), Mn (61.56±0.15), Zn (21.91±0.06) and P (30.15±0.00) parts per million (ppm). Magnesium (0.44% ±0.00) and copper (5.73±0.00) were the least. The results of phytochemical analysis and antinutrients showed presence of tannins (0.006% ±0.00), saponins (0.67% ±0.00), alkaloid (0.53%±0.00), steroids (0.001±0.00), phenols (0.07±0.00) and flavonoids (0.001±0.00). The presence of these essential nutrients and minerals showed that Lemon grass is a potential source of feed supplement to enhance maximum productivity and improve growth performance of livestock.
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    PROXIMATE STUDY, MINERAL AND ANTI-NUTRIENT COMPOSITION OF CYMBOPOGON CITRANUS LEAVES HARVESTED FROM ILORIN, NIGERIA: POTENTIAL BENEFITS IN ANIMAL NUTRITION AND HEALTH
    (Wayamba University, Sri Lanka, 2017) Olayinka A. Ojo
    The leaves of Cymbopogon citranus (Lemon grass) were harvested from Kwara State metropolis in Nigeria during the late rainy season in June 2015 for the proximate, mineral and phytochemical analysis .This study was conducted to know the nutritive value of lemongrass harvested and its potential in Animal Production and health. The standard procedures of AOAC (2003) were used to analyze the proximate composition and mineral analysis. The results of proximate analysis revealed the presence of high crude protein (8.51% ±0.06). The leaves also contained appreciable amounts of crude fibre (4.49% ±0.02), ash (8.02% ± 0.04), crude fat (2.99% ±0.02). The total ash content showed it contained minerals, Ca (0.62% ±0.00), K (1.59% ±0.01), Na (280.00±0.01), Fe (286.5±0.01), Mn (61.56±0.15), Zn (21.91±0.06) and P (30.15±0.00) parts per million (ppm). Magnesium (0.44% ±0.00) and copper (5.73±0.00) were the least. The results of phytochemical analysis and antinutrients showed presence of tannins (0.006% ±0.00), saponins (0.67% ±0.00), alkaloid (0.53%±0.00), steroids (0.001±0.00), phenols (0.07±0.00) and flavonoids (0.001±0.00). The presence of these essential nutrients and minerals showed that Lemon grass is a potential source of feed supplement to enhance maximum productivity and improve growth performance of livestock
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    Role of oral phytogenic supplementation to protect cardiac, hepatic, nephrotic, and splenic oxidative stress in broiler chickens
    (Oxford University Press, 2023) Jimoh Olatunji Abubakar; Nwachukwu Chinwe Uchechi; Ojo Olayinka Abosede; Tughobo Oladimeji Samuel
    This study investigated the effects of adding essential oils of garlic, ginger, turmeric, and cinnamon to drinking water on cardiac, hepatic, ne phrotic, and splenic oxidative status of broiler chickens. A batch of 200 1-d old Arbo acre broiler chicks was administered with Control (Water: no additive), 30 ml/L of cinnamon, ginger, turmeric, or garlic essential oils in drinking water for 42 d. On day 43, three broiler chickens/replicates were sampled randomly, sacrificed, and eviscerated. The hearts, spleens, kidneys, and livers were excised and assayed for glutathione perox idase, total antioxidant activity, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and lipid peroxidation using standard protocols. In spleen broiler chickens, all additive essential oils increased (P < 0.05) total antioxidant activity. Catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase significantly increased (P < 0.05) in garlic, ginger, and turmeric essential oils except cinnamon. In kidney broiler chickens, lipid peroxidation was signifi cantly reduced (P < 0.05) in all the additive essential oils. Garlic, cinnamon, and ginger essential oils increased (P < 0.05) catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase in kidney broiler chickens. In liver broiler chickens, lipid peroxidation, and glutathione peroxidase were higher (P < 0.05) in cinnamon essential oil than other additive essential oils. Superoxide dismutase and catalase were higher (P < 0.05) in tur meric essential oils. In heart broiler chickens, all the additive essential oils significantly decreased (P < 0.05) lipid peroxidation and increased (P < 0.05) total antioxidant activity. In conclusion, oral garlic, turmeric, and ginger essential oils supplementation did not reduce lipid peroxidation in spleen, whereas cinnamon essential oil caused lipid peroxidation in liver of broiler chickens.
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    Antioxidant Properties of Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Extract on Semen Characteristics and Seminal Plasma Biochemistry of Cockerels Reared in a Semi-Humid Environment
    (Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) itself, 2015) Ojo,O. A; Lawal, K. F.
    Rearing of birds is a major means of meeting the growing demand of animal protein in Nigeria and the world as a whole. Heat stress poses a major threat to the success of poultry farming as it causes reduced feed intake and weight gain among others. Commercial antioxidants are expensive and not readily available especially to small holder farmers, therefore there is an urgent need to source for a cheap, unconventional source of antioxidant to mitigate the adverse effect of heat stress. A total number of 45 cockerels were randomly distributed into 5 treatment groups, replicated 3 times with 3 cockerels per replicate under elevated summer temperature to investigate the effect of Vernonia amygdalina leaves extract (VALE) supplementation via drinking water on their reproductive characteristics which lasted for eight weeks. Parameters evaluated under semen qualitative analysis were: semen color, volume, concentration, motility, pH, live dead ratio, mass activity, morphology while under seminal biochemistry; lipid peroxidation (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (GPx and SOD) were evaluated. The results of proximate analysis revealed the presence of high crude protein (23.68%), moisture (6.68%), ash (8.90%), crude lipids (0.37%), crude fibre (7.32%), CHO (53.03%) and calorific value (1295.19KJ/mole).The result of phyto chemical screening revealed saponin (+++), tannin (+++), phenol (+++), flavonoid (++), alkaloid (++), steroid (++),glycoside (++) and anthraquinone (++). Results obtained from semen quality showed that the volume (0.62ml) and concentration (615 x 109 ) were higher in birds given 90mls of VALE, also the values of SOD was higher at 90mls (1069.19u/l) while that of GPx was lowest at T3 (12.50u/l) and T5 (16.94u/l). In conclusion, VALE at 90mls can be used as a natural source of antioxidant. Further studies can be conducted using higher concentrations of VALE