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- ItemOxysterols, physicochemical properties, and sensory attributes of NaCl-substituted beef patties fortified with date fruit powder(Wiley, 2025-04-02) Kazeem D. Adeyemi; Khadijat T. Babatunde; Ronke R. Akanji; Hakeem IsholaBACKGROUND: Salt substitutes can reduce sodium content in meat products but may impact their sensory quality, necessitating flavor enhancers to maintain it. The effects of date fruit powder (DFP) and salt blends on oxysterols, physicochemical properties, and sensory attributes of beef patties were assessed. Beef patties were formulated with either 20 g kg−1 sodium chloride (NaCl, DFP-0), 20 g kg−1 NaCl + 100 g kg−1 DFP (DFP-1), 15 g kg−1 potassium chloride (KCl) + 5 g kg−1 NaCl +100 g kg−1 DFP (DFP-2) or 15 g kg−1 potassium citrate (C6H5K3O7) + 5 g kg−1 NaCl +100 g kg−1 DFP (DFP-3), and oven-cooked at 200 °C for 20 min. RESULTS: Sodium content, and the concentration of 22R-hydroxycholesterol, 25-hydroxycholesterol, 7-hydroperoxycholesterol, 7⊍-hydroxycholesterol were lower in DFP-2 and DFP-3 patties than in DFP-0 and DFP-1 patties (P < 0.05). The DFP-0 patties had greater carbonyl and malondialdehyde contents compared with other patties (P < 0.05). DFP addition enhanced total dietary fiber and lowered the color coordinates, hardness, and chewiness of beef patties (P < 0.05). Cooking loss was higher in DFP-2 and DFP-3 patties compared with DFP-0 and DFP-1 patties. The DFP-1 patties received higher sensory ratings than the other patties (P < 0.05), while the sensorial qualities of DFP-0, DFP-2, and DFP-3 patties did not differ. CONCLUSION: Partial replacement of NaCl with KCl and C6H5K3O7 reduced the sodium content and selected oxysterols in beef patties. DFP supplementation increased dietary fiber and improved oxidative stability in NaCl-substituted beef patties, while DFP-1 received the highest sensory ratings. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
- ItemNutritive value of dietary fungi treated Jatropha curcas kernel cake: Voluntary intake, growth and digestibility coefficient of goat(AGRICULTURE AND BIOLOGY JOURNAL OF NORTH AMERICA, 2010) M.A Belewu, K.Y Belewu and F.O OgunsolaThis study evaluates the performance characteristics of West African dwarf goats (n = 15) fed fungi (Aspergillus niger, and Trichoderma longibrachiatum) treated and untreated Jatropha curcas kernel cake for a 70 day period in a completely randomized design model. The diets consist of a control (diet A, without Jatropha curcas kernel cake), diet B (50% Aspergillus treated Jatropha curcas kernel cake + 50 % soybean cake), C (100% Aspergillus treated Jatropha curcas kernel cake), D (50% Trichoderma treated Jatropha curcas kernel cake +50 % Soybean cake), E (100% Trichoderma treated Jatropha curcas kernel cake).The results revealed significant variations in the crude protein, crude fibre , ether extract and ash contents. The dry matter intake (g) of goats on diets A, B, C and D were 654, 533, 460, and 407 respectively. Dry matter intake was significantly lower (p>0.05) for animal fed diet E .The highest crude protein intake was recorded for diet A (control) followed closely by diets B, C, D and E in that order. The crude fibre, ether extracts and ash consumption followed similar trend. The crude protein and crude fibre contents were adequate for animal of such age. The digestibility of most of the nutrients followed similar trend as the nutrient intake with the highest digestibility recorded for animals on diet A. The digestible nutrient intake recorded decline as the inclusion levels of the fungi treated Jatropha curcas kernel cake increased in the diets. Animals on diets A, B and C gained weight while those on diets D and E lost weight and eventually died. It could be concluded that treatment of Jatropha curcas cake with Trichoderma longibrachiatum was not effective in detoxifying Jatropha curcas kernel cake compared to Aspergillus niger which is promising in detoxifying Jatropha curcas kernel cake
- ItemHematology, Reproductive Hormonal Level and Conception Rate in Synchronized Indigenous Cows during Artificial Insemination Scheme in Kwara State, Nigeria(AJOL, 2025-03-31) ADESINA, OM; APATA, DF; ISHOLA, H; OGUNSOLA, FO; OLAIFA, FH; DAUDA, SY; BOLAJI, M; ADEGBOYE, AA; FAYEYE, TR; AMBALI, AL; AREMU, JO; YUSUF, OJ; AYANDA, IFGenetic improvement of indigenous cattle breeds through artificial insemination (AI) with exotic semen will aid production system intensification and solve herders-crop farmers’ conflict in Nigeria. Successful AI, however, depends on efficient estrous synchronization preparing the animal’s hormonal balance required for fertilization. Hence, the objective of this paper was to assess the hematology, reproductive hormonal level and conception rate in synchronized 33 White Fulani and 18 Gudali indigenous cows during artificial insemination (AI) scheme in Kwara State, Nigeria using standard methods. Successful conception was called using transrectal palpation and threshhold of progesterone post-insemination. Data obtained show that there was significant (p < 0.05) breed effect on neutrophils and lymphocytes (indicating better stress tolerance in Gudali than White Fulani) and farm location difference in white blood cells, neutrophils, monocytes, hemoglobin, and packed cell volume prior to synchronization. However, all hematological values were subsequently found within reference values for cow postsynchronization. Post-synchronized elevated LH, reduced FSH and progesterone, plus subsequent progesterone surge 16 weeks post-insemination as well as mean conception rate of 82.75% are indicative of reproductive success. Consequently, Fixed Time AI with 3 consecutive injection of 2ml chloprostenol was recommended for estrous synchronization in artificial insemination in Nigerian indigenous cattle.
- ItemEffect of dietary chili pepper (Capiscum annum) supplementation on carcass characteristics, proximate composition and lipid profile of broiler chickens(Nigerian Journal of Animal Production, 2021) Awodola-Peters, O. O., Yahaya, M. O., *Oganija, K. Y., Adetoro, B. O., Bolarinwa, M. O., Saka, A. A. and Akinyemi, A. O.Consumer awareness to quality poultry products and the ban and/or restricted use of antibiotic growth promoter has necessitated the use of natural alternatives. Chili pepper is a natural alternative that contain phytochemical compounds that exhibits pharmacological properties among others. While there are reports on the effects of dietary chili pepper as an antioxidant and antimicrobial, there are sparse information on its effect on carcass characteristics and quality of broiler chickens. A 7-week trial was conducted to assess the effect of dietary chili pepper (DCP) supplementation on the carcass characteristics of broiler chickens, proximate composition and lipid profile of the meat. Fresh chili peppers used were air dried, milled and stored in air tight container, and then supplemented into the experimental diets at varying levels of 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% respectively to formulate four dietary treatments. One hundred and forty-four 1-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned into four treatment groups of 36 birds per treatments, replicated three times with 12 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. The carcass characteristics of the broiler chickens were measured using two randomly selected birds per replicate. Meat samples collected from the breast, thigh and drumstick region were homogenized to determine proximate composition and lipid profile. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance. Results showed that the DCP supplementation had no influence (p>0.05) on the carcass characteristics of broiler chicken measured. The DCP supplementation significantly (p<0.05) influenced the proximate composition of the meat samples across dietary treatments. The dry matter, crude protein and ash contents of meat sample collected varied significantly (p<0.05) across the dietary treatments as DCP supplementation increased. Birds fed on 0.1% DCP-supplementation recorded the highest dry matter (29.93%), crude protein (26.38%) and ash (1.65%) contents. The DCP supplementation significantly (p<0.05) influenced the lipid profile of meat of broiler chicken across dietary treatments. Birds fed 0.1 and 0.2% DCP supplementation had the highest cholesterol values followed by those fed 0.3 and 0% DCP supplementation respectively. The triglycerides values of the meat sample increased across the dietary treatment as DCP supplementation increased. Birds fed 0.2% DCP supplementation recorded the highest high density lipoprotein (16.83 mg/dL) when compared with other means values. The low density lipoprotein values of the meat sample collected varied (17.53 - 36.40 mg/dL) significantly across the dietary treatments as DCP supplementation increased. It was therefore concluded that chili pepper can be supplemented at 0.1% in broiler chickens' diet to increase crude protein and inorganic contents of the meat and at 0.2% to improve lipid profile of broiler chicken meat.
- ItemEFFECT OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA STRAINS ON THE PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF JATROPHA CURCAS L. KERNEL CAKE(Nigeria Society of Animal Production, 2024-03-24) R. O. Imam; D. O. Ogunbosoye; M. A. BelewuThree Lactic Acid Bacteria strains (Lactobacillus acidiophillus, Lactobacillus plantarium, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus) were used in the fermentation of Jatropha curcas kernel cake for a 7 days in a completely randomized design. The results revealed significant increase in the dry matter, crude protein content of all the bacteria treated samples however Lactobacillus rhamnosus treated cake recorded higher value compared with other treated samples. On the contrary, the untreated sample was significantly higher in crude fibre and ether extract. There was no significant difference in the ash content among all the samples. It could be concluded from this study that solid state fermentation using Lactic Acid Bacteria strains could improve the nutrient composition of Jatropha kernel cake.