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- ItemECONOMICS OF PRODUCTION OF FINISHER BROILER CHICKENS FED MAIZE OFFAL-BASED DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH COMBINATION OF KINGZYME AND GROWINACT ENZYMES(Nig. Soc. for Anim. Prod, 2026-04-01) Jimoh A., Nnabugo P. O. and Aremu J. OThe rising cost of feed and the competitive nature of energy feedstuffs have necessitated the need for alternative feedstuffs in poultry nutrition. This study was conducted to investigate the economics of production of finisher broiler chickens fed maize offal-based diets supplemented with combination of Kingzyme and GrowinAct enzymes. Two hundred Ross 308 four-week old broiler chickens were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments with four replicates and ten birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. The diets had maize offal supplemented with the two enzymes replacing 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of maize respectively in treatments T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5.The birds were fed for 4 weeks and data were collected on growth performance and economic parameters. Results indicate that the birds fed dietary treatment T5 had significantly lowest feed intake compared to other treatments which were not significantly different among themselves. The feed cost per kilogram decreased significantly (p<0.05) as the inclusion of enzymes’ supplemented maize offal increased from treatments T1 to T5. Treatment T5 had the significantly lowest feed cost per bird (₦1756.75) while treatment T1 had the significantly highest feed cost per bird (₦2827.38). All the treatments were not significantly different in their effects on final weight, weight gain, and cost per kilogram weight gain, feed conversion ratio, revenue and profit. The cost-to-benefit ratio was significantly lowest for both treatments T4 and T5 whereas treatments T1 to T3 were similar. It was concluded that maize offal supplemented with combination of Kingzyme and GrowinAct enzymes can replace 100% of maize in the diets of finisher broiler chickens.
- ItemMILK QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF WAD GOATS FED BIO-CHEMICALLY TREATED Jatropha curcas KERNEL CAKE(Nig. Soc. for Anim. Production, 2026-04-01) Ogunsola F.O., Belewu, M.A., Ogunbosoye, D.O., Olawoye, S.O., Adesina, O.M., *.Aremu, J.O*., Salau, K.B., Adebayo, K.K., Wahab, A.A., and Abdulkareem, Y.FIn Nigeria, local dairy farmers are faced with production challenges of which nutrition is a major factor leading to low productivity and poor economy of smallholder farmers and this also affects the value of the dairy products. There are great potentials of the shrubs and trees which can help to tackle the challenge of all season availability of pastures and the expensive nature of the conventional feedstuffs; are impeded by the antinutrients and toxins in the leaves and seeds of most of these shrubs and trees. Jatropha curcas has a potential as a protein source for the animal industry because of the high crude protein. The effect of 50% replacement of soybean content with Bio-chemically treated Jatropha curcas kernel cake on the milk composition and yield of West African Dwarf (WAD) dams fed cassava-based diet was investigated. Twenty-eight lactating WAD dams of average weight of 13kg ± 0.2 were randomly assigned into five dietary treatments in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) layout. Each treatment group consists of seven replicates of lactating does. The does were individually housed and offered the cassava-based diet ad libitum (A = control, B = 50 mg H 2 0 2 kg - 1 cake, C = 100 mg H 2 0 2 kg -1 cake, D = 150 mg H 2 0 2kg -1 cake) for 171 days. The 50% replacement of soybean with Bio-chemically treated Jatropha curcas kernel cake had significant (p≤0.05) effect on the Milk Yield, Protein, Total Solid (TS%) of the milk of the treatments. The improvement in the total solids in the treatment groups suggest that the microbial protein in the fermented cake may have been passed into the milk. The ash content of the milk of the treatment group was also higher than that of the control; this may be due to the increase in the ash content of the fermented cake. The milk protein of the treatment groups especially the 120mg/kg group. Based on this result it can be concluded that the inclusion of fermented Jatropha curcas kernel cake at 50% in the diet of WAD goats enhanced the milk composition of the WAD goats.
- ItemNATURAL ANTIOXIDANTS DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION ON BROILER CHICKEN’S MEAT: IMPACT ON FATTY ACID PROFILES(Proc. 51st Conf., Nig. Soc. for Anim., 2026-04-01) Ishola, H., Aremu, J. O. and Imam, R. O.There are several studies on effect of dietary natural antioxidants on meat quality in broiler chickens. However, the findings are variable and inconsistent. Therefore, the need for additional studies to evaluate the effect of natural antioxidant on fatty acid profiles of broiler chicken’s meat. A total of 300, one day-old Abor acres broiler chicks were assigned to 5 treatments and 3 replicates each in a completely randomised design. The feeding trial was for 8 weeks period. The birds were fed starter diets (23% CP and 2879Kcal/kg ME) and finisher diets (20% CP and 3000Kcal/kg ME) for 4 weeks each. The experimental feeding trial were T1 (Butylated hydroxy anisole BHA + control), T2 (ordinary water OW as – control) and T3 (Sweet orange peel extract (SOPE), T4 Shaddock peel extract (SHPE), and T5 Lemon peel extract (LMPE), all at inclusion level of 0.02 % per litre of water. Fat from the meat samples were extracted and characterized to ascertain their fatty acid profiles. Caproic, capric, enanthic and propionic acids were significantly higher (P<0.05) in bird’s meat on OW compared to other treatments. Supplementation with BHA resulted in an increased precipitation level of valeric and butyric acids. Caproleic, palmitoleic, myristoleic and oleic acids were significantly higher (P<0.05) in bird’s meat on SOPE, LMPE with other treatments. Linoleic, eicosapentaenoic and arachidonic acid in bird’s meat on LMPE and SHPE were significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to other treatments. The dietary supplementation with antioxidants had significant effects on the fatty acid profiles of broiler chicken’s meat.
- ItemPotentials of Tropical Plant Leaves and Seeds in Chicken Nutrition and their Effects on Spermatozoa Quality and Egg Production. A review(Nigerian Journal of Animal Science and Technology (NJAST), Dept of Animal Science, U niversity of Maiduguri, 2026-07-09) Aremu, J.O., Annongu, A.A., Abdulraheem, A.O., Zubair, J.B., Bello Z.O. and Ambali, AL.The projected increase in the global human population to about 9 billion by 2050 has intensified concerns over food security and the need for a corresponding rise in food production. In particular, greater availability of foods of animal origin is required to avert future food shortages. Poultry production, which has the potential to meet much of this growing demand, is increasingly constrained by the high and rising cost of conventional feed ingredients, thereby underscoring the need to develop and utilize locally available feed resources. Consequently, there is growing interest, especially among livestock farmers in developing countries, in exploiting the nutritional potential of the leaves and seeds of tropical browse plants. Numerous studies have shown that leaf and seed meals from tropical plants are rich sources of essential nutrients and beneficial phytochemicals. Evidence from previous research indicates that their inclusion in poultry diets can enhance chicken performance. However, their wider application in animal feeding has been limited by the presence of antinutritional factors (ANFs), which negatively affect nutrient utilization and animal health. This review therefore examines the biochemical composition of leaf and seed meals of tropical browse plants, their mechanisms of action, available methods for detoxifying their ANFs and their effects on chicken reproduction.
- ItemQualitative Diversity of Northeastern Nigerian Indigenous Chicken Populations(Nigerian J. Anim, Sci, 2026-06-12) Abdulraheem, A.O., Mohammed, A**., Shettima, M. M**., Aremu, J.O*., Allamin, H., Abdulazeez, H., Aliyu, J. and Raji, A. O.A total of 600 adult indigenous chickens of central and southern parts of Borno state were examined for qualitative characteristics which consisted of 322 (53.67%) males and 278 (46.33%) females. The qualitative traits considered included plumage colour, comb type, feather characteristics and earlobe, shank and eye colours. Data collected on the qualitative parameters were analyzed using descriptive statistics (means, percentage and frequency) using SPSS (2011), v. 20. There were abundant chickens with brown red (27%) and white birds (17%) in the central while black birds dominated (17.4%) the southern part. Chickens with multicolour plumage were most frequent (31.3%). More hens were multicoloured and cocks were mostly white. Normal feathered chickens abound (59.7%), naked neck (16%) and frizzle (24.3%) feathered chickens were scanty. Cocks of normal feathered (59.9%) and naked neck (21.4%) were more prevalent. Reverse was the case for frizzle feathered (31.7%). Seventy eight percent (78%) of the chickens was normal headed (with no crest). Crestedness was more frequent with birds from the southern part (37.7%). Single comb chickens were in abundant (75.2%). Chickens with white shank (30.3%) were predominant. Chickens with yellow shank colour dominated the southern part (29%). Cocks were more of white shank (31%) and hens were varied in shank colour. Chickens with orange eye colour were predominant (39.2%). Most chickens possessed white earlobe (36.7%). The multiple variants in qualitative characteristics revealed in this study provided essential tools for designing an effective selection and conservation programme for improvement of qualitative potentials inherent in these chickens