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- ItemPERFORMANCEEVALUATIONOFSOLAROVENUSINGKAPOKWOOLAS INSULATION MATERIAL(Faculty of Engineering, University of Maiduguri, 2019-07-02) A. T. Abdulrahim; S. Abdulkareem; M. Haruna; A. S. Abdulraheem; F. A. Oluwole; G. M. Ngala; U. A. MukhtarSolar ovens are among common devices which utilize insulation materials because of their ability to retards heat transfer by acting as barriers in the path of heat flow. Previous solar box cookers have used cotton, saw dust, and fibre-glass as insulation materials but none has used Kapok wool despite its potential. This study is aimed at the performance evaluation of solar oven using Kapok wool as the insulation material. The solar box oven designed is of the size 59 x 56 x 36cm dimensions made of plywood, with an aperture area of 3304cm2 double glass cover and an oven’s floor area of 1225cm2 made of aluminum. Kapok wool was used to line the oven’s walls and floor serving as insulator. The solar box oven was tested at the University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. It was tested without load to determine its stagnation temperature and to check its endurance under stagnation conditions. Similarly, a water boiling test was conducted to cook rice and beans. The results show that maximum stagnation temperature was 165.1°C and maximum overall daily thermal efficiency of 19.44% was achieved on a clear day test without reflector. The field test of the solar oven demonstrated its ability to cook rice and beans well with 1 kg of rice cooked under 2 hours, while 1 kg of beans was cooked under 1 hour 45 minutes on the same day. This performance demonstrated the suitability of Kapok wool as insulation material for solar ovens.
- ItemSolar Radiation Potential for Electricity Generation in Potiskum(ATBU, Journal of Science, Technology & Education (JOSTE), 2018-06) Abdullahi Madu; Sulaimon Shodiya; Abdulraheem ToyinPotiskum, located on latitude 11.42 0N, longitude 11.02 0E and Altitude 414.8m2was evaluated for solar radiation for the possibilities of it as a remedy to the fluctuation of electricity in the area. Gunn Bellani radiation integrator was used to evaluate the solar radiation for this region. Data obtained from the period of 1990 to 2004 was analyzed for clearness index as well as Global solar radiation. This been the only data available using Gunn-Bellani at the station. The result produced was found to be within the allowable value with an average clearness index of 0.66. This means that the sky in this location is clear for most part of the year for solar radiation to be received on a horizontal surface. Hargreaves- Samani’s equation was used as a method of estimating Global solar radiation using climatologically data’s. The mean monthly solar radiation was obtained as 23.59MJ/m2 which is within the threshold for which Photovoltaic cell can be used to generate power.
- ItemTHERMALANDMECHANICALPROPERTIESOFCLAYANDDROP-OFFOF CEIBA PENTANDRA(KAPOK)PLANTWOOLMIXTURE(ARID ZONEJOURNALOFENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY& ENVIRONMENT, 2020) A. T. Abdulrahim1; S. Abdulkareem2; W. J. Mohammed; S. A. Abdulraheem1This study is aimed at the investigation of the effects of the addition of clay to drop-off of Ceiba pentandra (Kapok) plant wool on the thermal and mechanical properties of the materials produced. Because of the considerable increase in the use of insulations in many heat devices, process and systems, and dependence on imported insulations, the need to process natural fibre insulations to form rigid or semi-rigid material using appropriate and sustainable binding material cannot be over emphasized. For this study, Kapok wool and clay mixture were investigated. Five samples were prepared: Sample A was 100% Kapok wool while samples B, C, D, and E were mixture of Kapok wool and Clay in water with varying percentage of clay quantities (Kapok to Clay ratio; B 2:1, C 2:1.5, D 2:2.5, E 2:3.5). The samples were prepared into cylindrical shapes, compressed and dried. The Thermal conductivity meter on Armfield Heat transfer equipment was used to find the thermal conductivity of each sample, while the thermal diffusivity and thermal resistivity of samples were determined using appropriate formula. Universal Testing Machine (Model: FS 50AT) was used to determine the stress at Yield and Young Modulus of elasticity for samples B, C, D, and E. Results show that the density of sample increases with increase in clay content. Thermal conductivities of the samples after the addition of clay ranges between 0.027 (W/mK) and 0.013 (W/mK). Reversed was the case for Thermal Resistivity, the value of thermal resistivity first decreases with addition of clay content (sample B) and then started increasing with increased clay content in the samples, and the values range from 37.037 to 76.923mKW-1. Thermal diffusivity of sample decreases from 1.2762 x10-3 m2/s to 0.2810 x10-3 m2/s with increasing clay content. Results also show that the Stress at Yield of samples range from 0.012 N/mm2 to 0.022 N/mm2 while the Young Modulus of elasticity range from 0.113 N/mm2 to 0.222 N/mm2. Kapok wool– Clay combination of ratio 2:3.5 (Sample E) have the highest value of thermal resistivity and lowest thermal diffusivity, though with high density, which suggests it to be the best among samples in the study for insulation purposes. The products are recommended for use as insulations of thermal storage for medium temperature applications.
- ItemWATER SUPPLY SIIORTAGE IN MAIDUGURI: AN ENGINEERING POINT OF VIEW(International Journal of Advanced Scientific and Technical Research, 2013-10) B. G. Umaral; A. T. Abdulrahim; Jibrin Musa; B. B. ShuwaField investigation into the water supply characteristics and water supply shortage pattern have become, necessary to provide data for planning and record for analysis. In line with the above, this study was 'initialed to investigate. and establish engineering questions related to causes of water supply shortage in Maiduguri Metropolitan using questionnaires, oral interviews, and study 'Of past maintenance records/machines -log books. A descriptive statistical technique was enlisted to breakdown the data presentation and analysis: The result shows that engineering related factors contribute substantially to the water shortage problem in Maiduguri At was established from data analysis that lack} and/or inadequate: power supply due to fluctuation and failure of electricity, among others, affected water supply in Maiduguri the most.
- ItemDESIGN ANDEXPERIMENTAL TESTING OF A SOLAR BOX COOKER WITH PARAFFIN WAXASTHERMALENERGYSTORAGE USING MAIDUGURI WEATHER CONDITION(ARID ZONE JOURNAL OFENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT, 2019) A.T. Abdulrahim; S. Shodiya; M. B. MainaThe performance of paraffin wax as phase change material (PCM) for thermal energy storage (TES) was investigated using a Solar Box Cooker (SBC) exposed to Maiduguri weather condition. Temperature and energy generated by SBC were experimentally established. The result shows tremendous improvement in energy storage compared to SBCs without TES in existence within Maiduguri and environs. The measured temperature and energy generated by the PCM in the experiment were 118oC and 4164.5KJ respectively, an adequate temperature and energy for cooking during off-sunshine hours and beyond. First figure of merit (F1) and second figure of merit (F2) were deduced to be 0.13 and 0.44 with overall SBC efficiency (ɳ) of 63% qualifying the SBC to grade A based on the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS