Department of Politics and Governance

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A project of World Bank Global Development Finance for the Control of Poverty in Developing Countries
(American Journal of Humanities and Social Science (AJHSS) Volume 10, 2021, 2021) Mubarak Sulaiman Jamiu
Advancement help can't be apportioned simply on standards of selectivity. Pointers of good monetary advancement are not strong and connection of these markers with destitution mitigation isn't programmed; more accentuation should be given to reallocation arrangements. Shifts in thinking and practice concerning aid have posed serious challenges in monitoring and evaluation (M&E) for both donors and recipients, but progress in reform remains slow. Advancement help as a level of absolute streams is declining and is excessively little and wasteful to give adequate cradles to repeat worldwide emergencies. This article presents a diagnostic checklist that captures issues of M&E policy of World Bank. It applies Poverty and Social Impact Analysis (PSIA) test, randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental designs to a review of the PRSP M&E arrangements of 10 aid dependent countries, which are recipient of World Bank Funds to demonstrate comparative strengths and weaknesses. Keywords: World Bank Funds, Monitoring and Evaluation, PRSP, Quasi-experimental Designs, 10Aid-dependent Countries
Accessing Basic Education: A Study of Selected Public Schools IN Kwara State
(Gombe Journal of Administration and Management (GJAM) 2705-3407, 2019) Moshood Olayinka Salahu; Ambali AbdulRauf
Over the years, the Nigerian government has in various capacities intervened in the provision of basic education across the nation. Given Nigeria’s quest for development and its determination to make education accessible to all school-age children in the country, it has intensified effort in the implementation of the Universal Basic Education Program in terms of funding and provision of policy guidelines. However, despite the robustness of the policy, and the various efforts by governments at different levels in the country to see to the success of the program, its implementation has not been as successful as expected. It is against this background that this paper attempts to examine the access to basic education in Kwara state, using selected public schools in the state. The study engaged the use of primary and secondary data for its analysis. The primary data were elicited through structured questionnaires administered in the selected schools. Data so elicited were analyzed using simple percentage. The study discovers that in Kwara state, in terms of availability, public schools are available within walking distance as stipulated in the basic education policy guidelines, but are not really affordable, despite the fact that they are tuition-free, as most parents still find it difficult to pay the extra charges. The study therefore recommends the introduction of the School Voucher System among others as possible ways out of the conundrum the state has found itself.
Application of Quantitative Forecasting Models in a Manufacturing Industry
(European Journal of Business and Management, 2017-07-23) Akeem Olanrewaju Salami Kyrian Kelechi Okpara Rahman Oladimeji Mustapha
Time series forecasting analysis has become a major tool in different applications for the Manufacturing Company. Among the most effective approaches for analyzing time series data is ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average). In this study we used Box-Jenkins methodology to build ARIMA model for annual sales forecast for 7up Bottling Company Plc for the period from January 2010 to December 2015, given the available monthly sales data. After the model specification; the best model for production was ARIMA (1, 1, 1) and for utilization was ARIMA (0, 1, 1). A 12 months forecast have also been made to determine the expected amount of sales revenue in year 2016. The time plot reveals seasonal variation. It thus concludes that that there is increase in sales revenue of Company with time, hence these models can be adopted for sales, production, utilization and demand forecasting in Nigeria
Assessment of Effectiveness of Social Assistance Programs on Market Participation in Kwara State, Nigeria
(Afropolitan Journals, 2023-06-30) S. B. Isiaka1 , Dr. Abu Zekeri2 , Dr. Rahman Mustapha2 and Monsur Jimoh2
This paper examines the impact of social assistance programs on market participation in Kwara State, Nigeria. It examines the various social assistance initiatives implemented in the region and analyzes their effectiveness in promoting economic activities through market engagement. The study employed quantitative research methods, and primary data were obtained by means of a well-structured questionnaire. Analytical Techniques Descriptive statistics was used to describe the socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents. In analyzing the determinants of variables in the study area, regression analysis was adopted. The target population includes beneficiaries of social assistance programmes in Kwara State who were captured in the National Social Register for the poor and vulnerable. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed, and 110 beneficiaries were identified through the sampling. The findings revealed that social assistance programs play a vital role in enhancing market participation and fostering economic development in Kwara State. The study recommended that social assistance programmes be designed to address the specific needs and challenges faced by individuals and communities in Kwara State.
ASSESSMENT OF THE CORE STRATEGIES IN ACHIEVING RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
(Review of Public Administration and Management (ROPAM), 2022-06) Mohammed, Idris Danjuma; Moshood Olayinka Salahu; Garuba, Rasheed Obasekore
Rural development policy has been regarded as an aspect of government action that influences economic and social development in rural areas. It is a policy that affects the changes with unambiguously defined rural development goals. In Nigeria, governments at all levels considered rural development as a fundamental policy of bringing developmental projects to the rural areas in line with the yearnings and aspirations of the rural dwellers. In Kwara State specifically, successive governments made efforts to implement many projects through the Ilorin Agriculture Development Project (IADP) and Kwara State Agricultural Development Project (Kwara ADP) as part of the core strategies for achieving rural development policy in the state. However, the implementation of the core strategies was confronted with some constraints. It is in the light of this background that this paper seeks to broaden our knowledge through the evaluation of the core strategies of achieving rural development policy in Kwara State. Guided by a basic needs approach, qualitative data were purposely generated from the three (3) selected rural communities in the state. The research instruments consisted of Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) conducted. The data gathered from the interview was analyzed in line with the objectives of the paper. The paper recommends participatory planning involving all stakeholders in the implementation of the core strategies for achieving rural development policy in Kwara State.
Assessment of the Impact of Social Care on Local Consumption in Kwara State, Nigeria
(The Board of the International Journal of Business & Management, 2023-06-30) A Zekeri, S B Isiaka, R Mustapha & M Jimoh
This paper examines the impact of social care on local consumption in Kwara State, Nigeria. The study employed quantitative research methods and primary data were obtained by means of a well-structured questionnaire. Analytical Techniques Descriptive statistics were used to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents. In analyzing the determinants of variables in the study area, regression analysis was adopted. The target population includes beneficiaries of social care programs in Kwara State who were captured in National Social Register for the poor and vulnerable. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed and 150 beneficiaries were identified. The findings revealed that social assistance programs play a vital role in enhancing local consumption and fostering economic development in Kwara State. The study recommended that government should allocate adequate funding to the implementation of social care programs and ensure their long-term viability and effectiveness.
Community Policing and Human Security in Nigeria: A Study of Lagos State Neighbourhood Safety Corps (LNSC)
(Journal of Administrative Science, 2020-12-29) Abdul Rauf Ambali1 & Akeem Ayanda Araba
The need to examine the problem of crime that has become a recurring feature in all states in Nigeria necessitates this study. There is no doubt that community policing has been very effective in crime reduction and control in several countries including the US, Israel, UK, Canada, and Japan. The devastating impacts in the face of apparently soaring levels of crime and violence on Nigerian individuals and communities especially in Lagos and other states in Nigeria require quick action. The need for community policing is critical to identifying those who are planning to carry out acts of violence. The objectives of the study are to i) ascertain the extent to which Neighbourhood Safety Corps is equipped and empowered to provide security to Lagosian; ii) investigate whether the establishments of Neighbourhood Safety Corps have reduced the rate of crime rate and improve human security in Lagos State. The paper employs a primary and secondary source of collecting data. Descriptive statistics and correlational analysis were used to analysed data and test the null hypotheses at 0.05 levels of significance. The study adopts the Normative Sponsorship Theory for its analysis. The study reveals that the provision of adequate equipment to community personal enhances the security of lives and properties. More so, the creation of community policing to support the government apparatus reduced the crime rate in any society. Based on the findings of this paper, it was recommended that government should redouble its efforts in providing sophisticated weapons and ammunition to the community policing personnel and also should encourage the establishment of partnership policing to curb the crime rate.
Cybercrime in Nigeria: Social Influence Affecting the Prevention and Control
(Published by Department of Economics, Federal University of Lafia, Nigeria, 2023) Abdullahi Alabi1 , Abdulrasheed Hamza Bamidele2 & Abdulrazaq Bashir Oladimeji
Abstract Over the past decade, the internet has grown dramatically with increasing everyday users. As internet users increase, so is the percentage of cybercriminals who seem to be shifting traditional crime to the internet. The predicted financial losses of N250 billion ($649 million) in 2017 and N288 billion ($800 million) in 2018 have made cybercrime in Nigeria one of the most difficult crimes to solve. Young people, especially those in higher education, are involved in cybercrime in Nigeria, but this crime is committed by both young and old adults. The involvement of young people is typically influenced by high levels of poverty, unemployment, insufficient laws against this crime, and diminished social influence. A nation with a high crime rate cannot prosper or develop. The study examines the effects of social influencers. The study utilized the structural-functional theory and the theory of technology-enabled crime to provide a grasp of the nature of the problem. Due to the nature of the investigation, secondary data and qualitative methods were used and it was found that youth involvement in cybercrime is significantly influenced by unemployment, peer pressure, and socialization factors. The study suggests that Nigeria should provide basic facilities (e.g., Electricity, Security, Good Governance and so forth), enhance its cybercrime laws and policies, and instruct its social agents (War against Indiscipline and Corruption, National Orientation Agency). Keywords: Control, Cybercrime, Prevention, Social Influence
DEMOCRACY AND POLITICS OF GODFATHERISM IN NIGERIA: THE EFFECTS AND WAY FORWARD
(International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 2013-05-10) Alabi Abdullahi & Sakariyau, Rauf Tunde
Political godfatherism is one of the factors that embedded democratic setting in Nigeria since first republic. In view of this, this research work is primarily designed to examine democracy and politics of godfatherism in Nigeria with emphasis on its effects and way forward. The study adopts primary and secondary data to analyze some critical issues, like political violence, vote buying, disenfranchisement and some other political and socio-cultural factors that embedded democratic setting in Nigeria since 1999 till current political dispensation engaged by godfathers and godsons. The study further explores the relationship between godfathers and godsons with a particular attention to who become the next strongmen in the area of politics and who retains the status quo. This study examines some key concepts, such as democracy, political violence and political godfatherism. Finally, the study concludes with recommendations in order to ensure good governance and political stability in Nigeria.
Elitist Economy and the Inherited Culture of Class Stratification Amongst African Masses
(FUWUKARI JOURNAL OF POLITICS AND DEVELOPMENT, 2021-11) Otumala Simon Jonah, PhD.; Salahu, Moshood Olayinka, PhD
This paper examines the nature of inequality amongst the people of Africa which is evident in the economic gap and the disparity that exists between the continent‟s largely poor citizens and economic elites who dictates the run of events in the various countries of the continent at the expense of the masses. Data for this paper is drawn from journals, articles and documents to illustrate the degree of inequality between economic advantaged elites and the economic disadvantaged masses. The paper employs the Marxist Class theory to substantiate the obvious problem that has divided the continent of Africa along distant lines of haves and haves-not. It further argues that the colonial policy of inequality which is geared towards capitalist accumulation of wealth bequeathed to the continent of Africa has become a culture meant to perpetuate the elite in power at the expense of the masses whose continuous existence and satisfaction is dependent on the whims and caprices of the elites who controls the machinery of the state for personal benefits. It recommends that to rescue the masses from the grip of the elites there is need for questioning amongst the masses through the employment of mass-power which is inherent in the various prepositions of Pan-Africanism.
EXAMINING GOOD GOVERNANCE AS AN IMPETUS FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
(Review of Public Administration and Management, 2017) ALIYU Ashiru Olayemi; SALAHU Moshood Olayinka
The purpose of government in any society entails the provision of common good for all the citizens irrespective of caste, creed or socio-economic background. This paper examines the nexus between Good governance and national development. The study argues on the significance of good governance to the attainment of national objectives and developmental drive. It also provides vivid explanations on why good governance I s highly imperative for national development. The study adopts cluster sampling techniques, where a total number of 120 questioners were distributed and 105 returned. Data collected were presented and analyzed using SPSS software package. The study found that since Nigeria return to democratic system of governance; there has been sustained progress in adherence to the ideals and tenets of good governance. The study also reveals intrinsic relationship between observance of good governance principle, mutual coexistence and accelerated development. This paper, therefore submits that for there to be development in all sectors of the economy, the tenet of good governance must be upheld and entrenched in the body polity.
Identity Politics and its Implication on the Nigerian Electoral Process
(African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies (AJPAS), 2023-06) 1 Abdullahi Alabi, 2 Mubarak SulaimanJamiu, 3 Abdulmuthalib Akinkunmi Lawal
This paper discusses the impact of identity politics on the Nigerian electoral process, with a focus on the 2019 general elections. The emergence of identity politics, which relies on ethnicity, religion, and regionalism to shape voters' preferences, has had far-reaching consequences on political discourse and election outcomes in Nigeria and other parts of the world. The paper draws on Social Identity Theory (SIT), as theoretical frame work which posits that individuals derive a sense of identity and self-esteem from their membership in social groups, to explain how group membership shapes attitudes and behaviors in the electoral process. The paper argues that while identity-based mobilization may provide short-term electoral gains for some politicians, it undermines the principles of inclusivity and diversity that are essential for a thriving democracy. The impact of identity politics on the Nigerian electoral process is not always positive, as ethnic and religious identities have often been used to mobilize violence and undermine the democratic process. Furthermore, the use of identity politics in political discourse can lead to the exclusion of certain groups and the formation of polarized and divided communities. The study found that in the 2019 presidential election, ethnic and religious identities played a significant role in determining voting patterns. The study also found that voters were more likely to support candidates who they perceived as representing their group's interests. These findings are consistent with the predictions of SIT, which posits that group membership plays a crucial role in shaping attitudes and behaviors. The paper highlights the need for political parties and candidates to focus on critical issues such as economic development and security, rather than relying on ethnic and religious identities to mobilize voters. It is also essential to promote intergroup dialogue and cooperation to foster national unity and social cohesion. Ultimately, the study emphasizes the need for a more nuanced and inclusive approach to politics that recognizes the division and polarization of diversity of identities and interests in Nigeria. The study recommends that political leaders, civil society organizations, and the media should encourage an inclusive political discourse that emphasizes the importance of unity and cooperation over Key-Words: Identity Politics; Nigeria Election; Ethnicity; Diversity; Religion.
Impact of Entrepreneurship Characteristics on International Start-Up
(Publication of African Scholar Journal of Management Science and Entrepreneurship, 2021-11-30) O.C Vincent & R. O. Mustapha
Entrepreneurship is identified as the revival and driving force of many economics which is more often than not met with plethora of obstacles of which start-up issues has been one of the greatest impediments. Entrepreneurship studies needs and wants of human side and the entrepreneurs and their characteristics. This study seek to determine the Impact of Entrepreneurship Characteristics on International Start-Up
INDEPENDENT NATIONAL ELECTORAL COMMISSION (INEC) AND THE CONDUCT OF 2011 ELECTION IN NIGERIA: A PARADIGM SHIFT
(International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 2013-01-30) Alabi Abdulahi; Sakariyau Rauf T
It is an established fact that Nigerian’s electoral process has always been marred with irregularities; the 2011 election is a paradigm shift in the history of electioneering in the country. Though some challenges were encountered in the conduct of the elections, INEC was given a pass mark by both local and international observers and thus made the general election a watershed. This makes it imperative in this paper to examine the conduct of the 2011 general elections in Nigeria. The paper infers that if the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) can be built out of political influence and move away from status quo where a political party dominates the constitution of drivers of INEC there is every tendency that there will be a better conduct of election in the future. The paper taps various means of getting relevant materials to put this study together for onward academic utilization and to reshape the conduct of Nigeria’s forthcoming general elections.
Leadership as a Prerequisite for Productivity in the Nigerian Public Enterprises
(Publication of International journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Reviews, 2014-06-23) 38. Ugochukwu, R. U and Mustapha, R. O.
Writings and Researches in the recent past have scored Nigerian public Enterprises’ Productivity low. This paper’s attempt to unmask the root cause of the unfortunate status revealed that Leadership style collaborated amongst others, with corruptions; Defective Recruitment and Selection processes together with poor attitude of Nigerian workers and Frustrating bureaucratic bottlenecks to contribute in no small measures to the status. However, the productivity could be enhanced if Regular Performance Appraisal, Motivation and appropriate placement of personnel/discipline could be enforced.
LOCKDOWN COVID-19 REGULATIONS: MOVING NIGERIA'S ENTREPRENEURIAL HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES FROM REACTIVE TO PROACTIVE
(TIMBOU-AFRICA ACADEMIC PUBLICATIONS MAY 2021 EDITIONS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF: AFRICAN SUSTAINABLE DEV. RESEARCH VOL5, 2021-05-31) R.O. Mustapha
Never in the history of Nigeria has human capital development strategies (HCDS) of many entrepreneurial Businesses witnessed such amassive digital transformation. Indeed, COVID-19 pandemic and its hurriedly packaged regulations heralded the prominerice of HCDS that center mainly on the mastery of virtual platforms in execution of daily tasks. Hitherto, this status was presumably considered the exclusive preserve of the developed world. This study examined and subsequently established the imports of this inherent transition of Nigeria's entrepreneurial HCDS from reactive to proactive as it were. Content analysis of data from reviewed previously published articles was employed with the aid of desk research as approach for studying the secondary sources. Findings showed that COVID-19 lockdown regulations forced Nigerian entrepreneurial businesses to embrace execution of daily tasks through virtual interface. Also discovered was the fact that, like their counterparts in the developed world, practically, all small and medium sized enterprises (SMES) in Nigeria were taken unawares by COVID-19 Lockdown, leaving in its wake, swift clinching to emergency developments and deployments of staff members to handle and execute tasks online. It concluded that the newly adopted HCDS were reactive strategies to COVID-19 lockdown regulations in Nigeria Finally, the study recommended that entrepreneurial businesses in Nigeria should jettison their reactive HCDS for the proactive ones to enable them, among others, cushion the effects of business externalities that threaten survival and sustainability, and chart a new pathway for new business start ups to blossom into maturity in today's COVID-19 invested business world. Keywords: COMID-19: SMES; Human Capital Development Strategies; Reactive Strategy Proactive Strategy
NON-TRADITIONAL EXPORTS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: A CRITICAL LOOK AT KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
(INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MAGAMENET SCI. & ENTREPRENEURSHIP, 2021-03-31) IBRAHIM BAMIDELE HAMZAT; & RAHMAN O. MUSTAPHA
in order to stabilize foreign earnings, boost income growths and upgrade value added, developing countries had to increase the varieties of export basket diversifying exports remain the major concern for policy makers in many countries. There have been calls therefore on all developing economy of the world to improve Export for favourable economic growth and development (W.T.O. 1997).As a result therefore, this study examines the impact of Nontraditional exports on government earnings (A Case Study of Kwara State).This research is explanatory in nature with adoption of case study and archival as a strategy with the distributions of questionnaire for collection of primary data and uses of secondary data State to compliment data
OPTIMIZING NIGERIAN SMALL AND MEDIUM-SCALE ENTERPRISES PERFORMANCE IN A COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA THROUGH ENTREPRENEURIAL MARKETING
(Journal of management Science and Entrepreneurship (JMSE) Publications of Sub-Sahara African Academic Research 18th, 2021-03-31) RAHMAN MUSTAPHA
In recorded history in peace time, humanity perhaps has never witnessed a period so fluid, unpredictable and with such overwhelming disruptions of socio economic and political activities around the globe like year 2020 till now Indeed, COVID-19 pandemic holds the world by the jugular. It caused not only major policy transformations in all spheres of life, but also created a new normal in business development, articulation process and execution. Business Performance (BP) denoted by customers' patronage (CP) and profitability: (PF): now hinges on the ingenuities deployed by various organisations management to get them out of the woods. At this critical time, the application of various marketing strategies as tools of galvanising small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) to escalate CP and PF appears incomplete without entrepreneurial marketing (EM) proxied by innovativeness (INN) and proactiveness (PRA). This study was therefore conducted to assess the impact of INN and PRA on CP and PF on SMEs in North-Central Nigeria. With a population of 2249 and sample size of 343 going by yaro yamani formula, copies of structured questionnaire were administered as tools of data collection. Standard multiple regression was deployed as a method of analysis. Findings on INN showed that (B-292, t= 5.107. R= .877, R² = .769, p<.000); and similarly. PRAC showed that (B=.334, t= 5.956. R=.891, R²-.741, p<.000). These implied that both INN and PRAC have significant impact on CP and PF respectively. The study therefore concluded that INN and PRA are major escalators of SMEs' CP and PF. It recommended that in the turbulent times of today that is characterised with COVID-19 pandemic, SMEs should fully embrace innovativeness and proactiveness as the thrust of their marketing efforts to achieve significant notches on their customers' patronage and profitability.
PERCEIVED REQUIREMENTS FOR STARTING A BUSINESS VENTURE BY KWARA STATE UNIVERSITY BUSINESS EDUCATION STUDENTS
(Al-Hikmah Journal of Business Education, 2023-06-30) Nuhu, Sikiru Issa; Ojo, Ajibola Elisha
This study found out the perceived requirements for starting a business venture by Kwara State University Business Education students. Three specific purposes of the study were framed, from which three research questions were raised and three research hypotheses. Relevant literatures were reviewed in this study. Descriptive research of survey type was used. The population of the study comprised of One hundred and forty (140) 300L business education students. The entire population was used. A well-structured questionnaire was used for data collections. The data gotten from the study were analyzed using frequency and percentage for demographic. Mean and standard deviation was used for research questions and independent t-test was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that Business education students in Kwara State Universityrequired business ideas in starting a business venture. (mean = 2.78, SD = 0.72). The study concluded that students need to have adequate knowledge about starting business ventures before embarking on such journey. Hinderances to starting a venture should be attended to understand the rudiment of running a business. It was later recommended among others that: Schools should endeavor to provide adequate business knowledge to students so they could establish businesses before graduating.
Political Conflict and Electoral Violence in Nigeria: Implications on National Security
(African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies (AJPAS), 2023-12) Mubarak S. Jamiu
The Electoral contest in many developing democracies in Africa including, Nigeria, are faced with the challenges of conducting free, fair, credible and violence-free elections. Political violence has become a stain on our democracy. The paper therefore assessed the impact of electoral violence on national security in Nigeria. The paper adopted the descriptive analytical approach. The data collected were classified, analyzed and organized chronologically in a manner that ensured effective interrogation and presentation of the interests driving the debate on the subject matter to ensure adequate comprehension. The frustration aggression theory was used to explain the cause of electoral violence in Nigeria. The study found out that Political violence is now a stain in our democracy that is now seen as a political structure and strategy for employment during election and the use of weapons during election have an after effect on the national security. Consequently, some policy recommendations were made. The political umpire has to take conscious and strategic actions against political violence, due to the fact that action and inaction of the government plays a major role in either stopping or continuing the menace. Appropriate security network and intelligence should be organized to monitor electoral activities to mitigate incidences of violence. The Independent National Electoral Commission should conduct transparent and credible elections while the political parties and candidates should ensure strict compliance with electoral regulations. Keywords: Political Conflict; National Security; Democracy; Electoral Violence.

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