Department of Politics and Governance

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INDEPENDENT NATIONAL ELECTORAL COMMISSION (INEC) AND THE CONDUCT OF 2011 ELECTION IN NIGERIA: A PARADIGM SHIFT
(International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 2013-01-30) Alabi Abdulahi; Sakariyau Rauf T
It is an established fact that Nigerian’s electoral process has always been marred with irregularities; the 2011 election is a paradigm shift in the history of electioneering in the country. Though some challenges were encountered in the conduct of the elections, INEC was given a pass mark by both local and international observers and thus made the general election a watershed. This makes it imperative in this paper to examine the conduct of the 2011 general elections in Nigeria. The paper infers that if the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) can be built out of political influence and move away from status quo where a political party dominates the constitution of drivers of INEC there is every tendency that there will be a better conduct of election in the future. The paper taps various means of getting relevant materials to put this study together for onward academic utilization and to reshape the conduct of Nigeria’s forthcoming general elections.
DEMOCRACY AND POLITICS OF GODFATHERISM IN NIGERIA: THE EFFECTS AND WAY FORWARD
(International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 2013-05-10) Alabi Abdullahi & Sakariyau, Rauf Tunde
Political godfatherism is one of the factors that embedded democratic setting in Nigeria since first republic. In view of this, this research work is primarily designed to examine democracy and politics of godfatherism in Nigeria with emphasis on its effects and way forward. The study adopts primary and secondary data to analyze some critical issues, like political violence, vote buying, disenfranchisement and some other political and socio-cultural factors that embedded democratic setting in Nigeria since 1999 till current political dispensation engaged by godfathers and godsons. The study further explores the relationship between godfathers and godsons with a particular attention to who become the next strongmen in the area of politics and who retains the status quo. This study examines some key concepts, such as democracy, political violence and political godfatherism. Finally, the study concludes with recommendations in order to ensure good governance and political stability in Nigeria.
Leadership as a Prerequisite for Productivity in the Nigerian Public Enterprises
(Publication of International journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Reviews, 2014-06-23) 38. Ugochukwu, R. U and Mustapha, R. O.
Writings and Researches in the recent past have scored Nigerian public Enterprises’ Productivity low. This paper’s attempt to unmask the root cause of the unfortunate status revealed that Leadership style collaborated amongst others, with corruptions; Defective Recruitment and Selection processes together with poor attitude of Nigerian workers and Frustrating bureaucratic bottlenecks to contribute in no small measures to the status. However, the productivity could be enhanced if Regular Performance Appraisal, Motivation and appropriate placement of personnel/discipline could be enforced.
Appraisal of e-Governance as a Mechanism for Promoting Efficiency in the Kwara State Public Service
(Journal of Administrative Science, 2015) Aliyu, O. A
Despite the undoubtful opportunities inherent in the adoption of e-governance initiatives in the world over, many government agencies are still reluctant in keying to this contemporary drive. This paper unravels (underscore) the significant impact of E-governance: (Information Communication Technologies ICT driven governance) on service delivery in the Kwara State Public Service. Both primary and secondary data were employed; secondary data were used to augment the primary data. The study adopted cluster sampling technique to select two ministries (two departments in each ministry) as a cluster. In all, forty questionnaires were returned out of fourth sixty questionnaires administered. The study affirms the contribution of ICT towards improving efficiency and effectiveness in government functioning, and the responsiveness of government to citizen’s demand. The E-governance initiative has engendered transparency and accountability in the conduct of government business, as a result of improved interface between government and citizens via the internet. This paper therefore recommends that E-governance initiatives should be embraced by all publicly-owned institutions and agency because of its capacity to reduce the cost of governance, facilitate efficiency, effectiveness and timely delivery of services.
Impact Assessment of the Universal Basic Education Policy on School Enrolment in Selected Local Government Areas of Kwara State
(Public policy and Administration Research, 2015) Aliyu, O. A
Education no doubt has remained a potent tool for accelerating the progress of development of individuals and nations as a whole. In spite many attempts by governments at all levels (Federal, State and Local) to provide basic education to all children of school- going age, Millions of children of the poor are still been deprived of this basic right. This research was conducted to ascertain the extent to which U.B.E programme has created more access to basic education for children of school-age. The assumption of the study was that, the implementation of UBE programme has not created more access to basic education for children of school-age. Secondary data were mainly used; data collected were analyzed using tables, percentages and content analysis. The study found a progressive increase in the rate of enrolment; which implies that more school-age children were enrolled in the year under review. Gender disparity still remained steady, but insignificant because of the marginal difference (49% to 51%) in the rate of enrolment between boys and girls. It is however important to note that, inequality in education opportunity still exists, but there is a considerable improvement. This study recommends that, State and Local Government should establish more schools, build more classrooms to cater for the increasing number of prospective school-age pupils (students). The ongoing reform programme tagged “every child count” should also be given the necessary support by all stakeholders in the education secto
Effects of Political Violence on the Contemporary Nigerian Democratic Process
(Al-Hikmah Journal of Education, 2015-12-02) Araba, Akeem Ayanda
Violence is human and it is as well present in the political process in contemporary Nigeria. This paper seeks to address the effects of political violence on the democratic process in Nigeria. The paper investigates the overview of political violence in Nigeria and also discusses the nexus between political violence and the democratic process. The psychological theoretical perspective is adopted for the study to determine the problem. It is discovered that political violence has brought series of military interventions in Nigeria. And other vices like killing innocent and maiming innocent Nigerians, stealing, social unrest, among others, always accompany political violence. The paper, therefore, recommends that there should be a need to de-emphasize the premium placed on the acquisition of political power. It also calls for an effective investigation by the relevant authorities to look into several cases of political violence and related human rights abuse in the process of elections. It is part of our recommendations that all stakeholders in the political process should be mandated to sign a treaty of peace which they must maintain before, during, and after the political process, particularly during the electioneering period.
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESSES AND THE CHALLENGES OF SERVICE DELIVERY IN CONTEMPORARY NIGERIAN BUREAUCRACY
(2016) Aliyu, O.A & I. M Danjuma
This paper examines the effect of bureaucracy, administrative processes and procedures on service delivery in Nigeria. This article view bureaucracy as a process and standard operating procedures established for the conduct of the government business; which has significantly affected service delivery in the Nigerian public sector. This work attempts to comprehend how the existing rigid bureaucracy (institutionalized holdup) has thwarted the deliverance of democratic dividends in Nigeria. Findings show that various administrative bottlenecks and strict adherence to bureaucratic procedures are attributable to some of the failed policies, programmes and incidences’ of abandoned projects in Nigeria. Nevertheless, the article argue that, since administrators are saddled with the task of implementing programmes and policies of government, they must observe all the laid down rules, regulations and at the same time possess some level of flexibility as the situations demand. The paper concludes that the Public service rules and regulations should be structurally flexible to address critical cases and emergency situations.
Crisis Management and the Role of some ECOWAS states in West Africa
(African Journal of Politics and Society (AJPS), 2016-01) Araba, Akeem Ayanda, Emmanuel Remi Aiyede, PhD & Idowu Adetayo Johnson, PhD
Conflict is inevitable in all human relation, but it is not always desirable, nor is it always profitable. When not managed properly, the cost in human lives, properties, political, socio-economic opportunities could be disproportionate with the desired outcome. This paper seeks to address the role of some ECOWAS member states in crisis management in the West African sub-region. The paper investigates the nature and character of African conflicts and also discusses the link between conflict management and conflict resolution .The linkage theoretical perspective is adopted for the study in order to determine the problem. The paper, therefore, recommends that ECOWAS needs to work closely with the Civil Society and Non-governmental Organizations in their efforts to manage conflict. There should be a political will on the part of the African leaders. With political will, sheer rhetoric can truly be transformed into reality. Government in the sub-region must also learn to show neutrality in conflict. West African leaders must be prepared to truly integrate without necessarily surrendering the sovereignty and territorial integrity of their individual states.
Corruption and Law Making in the Nigeria House of Representative from 2007 to 2011
(Faculty of Education, University of Port Harcourt, 2016-03-01) Araba, Akeem Ayanda and Lawal, Ahmad Akanni
The principal function of the Legislative arm of government is to legislate and make laws for good governance by the provisions of the constitution. The Legislative power is vested in the National Assembly which consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives while the Legislative power of a state is vested in the State House of Assembly. But the atrocities of corruption been perpetrated by the legislative arms have redefined the constitutional duties of the law-making bodies. This paper seeks to address the Corruption and Lawmaking in the Nigeria House of Representatives from 2007 to 2011. The paper discusses the synergy between political corruption and leadership. It also investigates the links between financial corruption and national development. The elite theoretical perspective is adopted for the study to determine the problem.
An Insight on Nigeria's Role in Political and Economic Development of Africa
(Journal of Gregory University, 2016-12-01) Aliyu, Lukman O.
This paper examines Nigeria's role in Political and Economiy development of Africa. The methiodology of the paper is based on the cntent and qualitative analyses. Nigerian foreign policy has been geared towards economic cooperation and develoment; regional intergration; conflict resolution and emancipation of Africa. Along this line, the paper argues that Nigeria has been participating in conflict resolution in countries such as Liberia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Sudan, Rwanda, Sieria Leone, Lybia, Somalia and Mali. It has also played a major role in the formation of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), African Union (AU).and New partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) that help in regional intergration and economic development. In addition, Nigeria played a role in the restoration of democracy in countries like Sierria Leone and Liberia. Furthermore, the inflow of foreign direct investment has been championed by the role played by Nigeria by attracting foreign investors in the region. The paper conclude that the role played by Nigeria has been guided by the relative strength of its economy. Therefore, there is the need to diversify its economy to enable it play more role in the continent.
Guerrilla Legislators: A Threat to Nigeria Constitutionalism
(Al-Hikmah Journal of Education, 2016-12-02) Araba, Akeem Ayanda
There is yet another illustration of an ill-orchestrated dance towards anarchy by the inherently mischievous manner by which the constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria is being manipulated. The Nigeria Legislature formed a group to change or manipulate the political system reform by attacking and deriding the Executive government of its legitimacy to the point that it is forced to negotiate, in agreement with the ‘guerilla tactic’. The Nigerian legislature has been regarded as a guerilla parliament due to their unconstitutional activities, unconstitutional law-making, gross manipulation of the constitution, irrelevance acting against the constitution, and their threats to constitutionalism and their bastardization of the constitution. In essence, the paper seeks to address and interpret the procedure for impeachment as stipulated in the constitution. The realist theoretical perspective is adopted for the study to analyse the problem. The paper, therefore, recommends that there should be an amendment to the constitution to harmonize the relationship between the two arms of Government. The legislature should also focus more on making laws that would promote good governance in the country.
EXAMINING GOOD GOVERNANCE AS AN IMPETUS FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
(Review of Public Administration and Management, 2017) ALIYU Ashiru Olayemi; SALAHU Moshood Olayinka
The purpose of government in any society entails the provision of common good for all the citizens irrespective of caste, creed or socio-economic background. This paper examines the nexus between Good governance and national development. The study argues on the significance of good governance to the attainment of national objectives and developmental drive. It also provides vivid explanations on why good governance I s highly imperative for national development. The study adopts cluster sampling techniques, where a total number of 120 questioners were distributed and 105 returned. Data collected were presented and analyzed using SPSS software package. The study found that since Nigeria return to democratic system of governance; there has been sustained progress in adherence to the ideals and tenets of good governance. The study also reveals intrinsic relationship between observance of good governance principle, mutual coexistence and accelerated development. This paper, therefore submits that for there to be development in all sectors of the economy, the tenet of good governance must be upheld and entrenched in the body polity.
EXAMINING GOOD GOVERNANCE AS AN IMPETUS FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
(Review of Public Administration and Management, 2017) 5. Aliyu, O. A & Salahu O.M
The purpose of government in any society entails the provision of common good for all the citizens irrespective of caste, creed or socio-economic background. This paper examines the nexus between Good governance and national development. The study argues on the significance of good governance to the attainment of national objectives and developmental drive. It also provides vivid explanations on why good governance I s highly imperative for national development. The study adopts cluster sampling techniques, where a total number of 120 questioners were distributed and 105 returned. Data collected were presented and analyzed using SPSS software package. The study found that since Nigeria return to democratic system of governance; there has been sustained progress in adherence to the ideals and tenets of good governance. The study also reveals intrinsic relationship between observance of good governance principle, mutual coexistence and accelerated development. This paper, therefore submits that for there to be development in all sectors of the economy, the tenet of good governance must be upheld and entrenched in the body polity.
The Impact of Electoral Reforms in Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis of the Outcome of Elections between 1999-2007 and 2011 2015 Eras
(ProQuest LLC, 2017-01-21) Aliyu, Lukman O.
As elections are indisputably crucial to democratic system, so also is continuous reform of the electoral process critical to credible elections in fledgling democracies. Following a series of elections conducted in Nigeria that were marred with frauds, violence and irregularities, substantive electoral reforms were carried out in 2010 and 2015 by the Jega led Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC). In order to establish areas that need to be adequately strengthened by the INEC with a view to improving its operational capacity, and ultimately achieve desirably electoral integrity, assessment of these reforms became imperative. Hence, the study examines the impact of electoral reforms on the outcome of elections in 2011-2015 as compared to the 1999-2007 in Nigeria. Methodologically, primary method of data collection was adopted which was augmented by secondary data. Questionnaires were administered and interviews were conducted with the stakeholders in the electoral process. Descriptive Simple Percentage) and Multiple Regression were used as statistical tools of analysis. The study found that various reforms introduced into the electoral process have positively impacted on the credibility that greeted the 2011-2015 general elections as opposed to the 1999-2007 elections. More importantly, the newly introduced electoral technology (Smart Card Reader) has significantly imbued the Nigerian electoral process with integrity, as it was adjudged to have along with other reforms reduced electoral fraud, violence, and election litigations. Also, these reforms have reposed citizens’ confidence in the electoral process cum competitive politics. Conversely however, findings revealed that electoral reforms have not improved efficient and effective electoral administration in the 2011-2015 general elections despite the fact that these reforms facilitated credible elections. Hence, it is in views of this study that: various reform innovations by the Independent National Electoral Commission(INEC) should be sustained and even improved upon; citizens’ trust in electoral process should be far less betrayed to ensure much needed political participation; while infrastructuralless challenged environment should be created to improve INEC’s efficiency and effectiveness. All these became imperative because free, fair, credible and acceptable elections are incontrovertibly inevitable to desirably viable democracy.
Application of Quantitative Forecasting Models in a Manufacturing Industry
(European Journal of Business and Management, 2017-07-23) Akeem Olanrewaju Salami Kyrian Kelechi Okpara Rahman Oladimeji Mustapha
Time series forecasting analysis has become a major tool in different applications for the Manufacturing Company. Among the most effective approaches for analyzing time series data is ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average). In this study we used Box-Jenkins methodology to build ARIMA model for annual sales forecast for 7up Bottling Company Plc for the period from January 2010 to December 2015, given the available monthly sales data. After the model specification; the best model for production was ARIMA (1, 1, 1) and for utilization was ARIMA (0, 1, 1). A 12 months forecast have also been made to determine the expected amount of sales revenue in year 2016. The time plot reveals seasonal variation. It thus concludes that that there is increase in sales revenue of Company with time, hence these models can be adopted for sales, production, utilization and demand forecasting in Nigeria
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPLICATIONS OF INTRA-PARTY CONFLICTS ON DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIATION IN NIGERIA'S FOURTH REPUBLIC (1999-2016)
(Journal of Political Inquiry, Department of Political Science, Nigeria Police Academy, Wudil, Kano-Nigeria, 2017-09-23) Johnson O. Olaniyi Ph.D and Lukman Omomeji Shehu
Political parties the world over are seen as one of the instruments through which democratic processes are carried out. Their importance in establishing and maintaining a stable democratic order cannot be overemphasized. However, since Nigeria returned to demo critic rule in 1999 political parties have failed to perform their fundamental role of democratic consolidation religiously. This is not unconnected with the fragile inter and intra-party relations and incessant conflicts of varied magnitude. The main objective of the study is to assess how intra-party conflicts have been affecting political parties in contributing to the task of democratic consolidation in Nigeria's fourth Republic. This study examines the causes of intra-party conflicts in Nigeria and their implications on democratic consolidation in the Fourth Republic. In this study, comparative cum historical method serves as the research methodology Findings of this research work reveal that factors such as; lack of internal democracy paucity of party ideology godfatherism, issues relating to candidates' selection, among others, are the causes of intra-party conflicts in Nigeria. The study equally reveals that intra-party conflicts have impacted negatively on the quest for democratic consolidation in Nigeria in a number of ways which include; proliferation of weak political parties, creation of civil unrest and electoral related violence. Based on its findings, the study recommends that political party should adhere to the principles of internal democracy: embrace certain political ideology; and play down the importance of godfatherism in its internal democracy
Women and Political Participation in selected Local Government areas of Kwara State Nigeria, 1999-2015
(Department of Public Administration, Nnamdi Azikwe University, Awka, Nigeria, 2018-12-10) Rashida Adamu Oyoru; Prof Abdulrauf Ambali
Women are said to have almost half of the world population but they are not adequately represented in the governance. This study therefore focused on women and political participation in Nigeria with specific reference to Offa, Baruten and Ilorin West Local Government Areas of Kwara State, with the aim of determining the impact of socio-cultural and economic influence on women political participation, To achieve the stated objectives the study adopts both qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis. The study found out that most women in the selected local government do not see themselves capable enough to hold political positions as a result of low self-esteem, lack of courage, zeal and inferiority complex. The study also found out that, the perception of the society about women politicians also contributes to low women political participation. As the society generally regard women politicians as irresponsible. Also, the study revealed that, finance is another fundamental factor contributing to the low women political participation because, the political terrain of Nigeria is structured into money politics, that even the fellow women cannot support women political aspirants without money. It thereafter recommend that, there is an urgent need Government should embark on mass campaigns for awareness and sensitization for the need of women to get involved in politics. This will help in eroding the erroneous believe that women in politics are irresponsible and adulterous. Also, the national assembly should ensure that the issue of money politics and vote buying is criminalize in the ongoing electoral reforms and so on.
Accessing Basic Education: A Study of Selected Public Schools IN Kwara State
(Gombe Journal of Administration and Management (GJAM) 2705-3407, 2019) Moshood Olayinka Salahu; Ambali AbdulRauf
Over the years, the Nigerian government has in various capacities intervened in the provision of basic education across the nation. Given Nigeria’s quest for development and its determination to make education accessible to all school-age children in the country, it has intensified effort in the implementation of the Universal Basic Education Program in terms of funding and provision of policy guidelines. However, despite the robustness of the policy, and the various efforts by governments at different levels in the country to see to the success of the program, its implementation has not been as successful as expected. It is against this background that this paper attempts to examine the access to basic education in Kwara state, using selected public schools in the state. The study engaged the use of primary and secondary data for its analysis. The primary data were elicited through structured questionnaires administered in the selected schools. Data so elicited were analyzed using simple percentage. The study discovers that in Kwara state, in terms of availability, public schools are available within walking distance as stipulated in the basic education policy guidelines, but are not really affordable, despite the fact that they are tuition-free, as most parents still find it difficult to pay the extra charges. The study therefore recommends the introduction of the School Voucher System among others as possible ways out of the conundrum the state has found itself.
Compensation Practices in the Nigerian Public Service: Analysis of Wage Differential
(Journal of Administrative Science, 2019) Aliyu, O. A
In spite of global conventions, declarations, and other legal framework established to promote equity in compensation for work of equal value and to abolish discriminatory reward system in both public and private sector organizations, discriminatory compensation has remained unabated in Nigerian public service. Although, several attempt has been made to redress these anomalies but proved abortive. This study acknowledges the various theoretical arguments to justify pay disparity. The main thrust of this paper centers on examining the pattern of inter-sectorial wage structure. The study adopted secondary source of data where figures of salary structure were extracted from the quarterly report of National Salaries, Income, and Wages Commission; data collated were analyzed using coefficient of variation. This paper found a huge pay gap (i.e., highly discriminatory) wage structure which could obviously transcend to industrial disharmony, hence affect public service stability and effective performance. The study holds firm convictions that pay parity amongst categories of workers in workplace is sin qua non to harmonious working environment (quid pro quo). Therefore, the study recommends that pay equity remains a fundamental human right, most especially for worker whose job description, objective, and criteria for recruitment are similar, this is capable of bridging the inequality gap, promote mentorship, and stability, hence strengthened institutional capacity for better service delivery.
EVALUATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES AND PUBLIC BEHAVIOUR THE CONTEMPORARY TREND
(EKPOMA Journal of Faculty of Social Sciences, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, 2019-11) Edokpa Fadal Mary and Araba, Akeem Ayanda
The political parties and political actors are some of the vital instruments of attaining societal goals of democratic principles for peace and stability. Issues of ethnic and partisan politics have been a problem, as it relates to questions and issues of political ideologies. This paper examines some of the issues that have been seen affecting the true practice of political parties and its activities towards the democratic trend of a society. The questions surrounding the issues of politics and governance in developing countries were also reviewed. These issues are seen as an aberration that have characterized politics and political behavior especially in the aspect of transparency and fulfilling its purpose of existence. The paper argues that the transition of developing natures of states largely depends on the political structures, party actors and the nature of constitutionalism following the level of democratic awakening. The paper concludes that politics and political behavior are all human factors that play a vital role in the development of contemporary societies. They drive the wheel of nation s towards its goal attainment. The paper relied on documentary and primary sources of data collection for empirical analysis. The study therefore recommends that political leaders should always rule with credibility in such a way that national interest and values always supersede that of personal interest.

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