Departmet of Arts and Science Education

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A CONCEPTUAL CLARIFICATION OF IDEALIST PHILOSOPHY AND ITS BEARING ON EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
(2024-07) DR. TOWOJU KAYODE TIMOTHY
The paper examined a conceptual clarification of idealist philosophy and its bearing on the early childhood education. The clarification is based on the three dimensional elements of philosophy such as metaphysics (reality), epistemology (knowledge and axiology (values). These are the facilitators of skills developments in all human beings. The clarification further premised on that fact that children minds are always active and attracted towards all things that they come across within their surroundings. This becomes necessary because, education needs to focus on the philosophy of self-realization to deliver the good life its purported in all society. The idealist philosophy is the most suitable because it explains how children can be helped or assisted to acquire the goal of self realization gradually. This is based on the fact that the early childhood education is all embracing as it focuses on the critical development of children to acquire some developmental skills and concepts during stipulated period of time. The skills they facilitate includes, identification counting, recitation as well as other-social emotional skills to the beginning of numeracy, literacy and actual thinking. All these educational activities assist children to acquire behavioural patterns and abilities necessary for effective social relations in future. The paper could be of great importance to all stakeholders in education who needs to train their children on the values of knowledge. The paper concluded that the idealist philosophy contains certain kinds of experience which could enrich the child’s life to breed self realization and hence, social integration gradually. The paper recommended that the curriculum of the early childhood education should embrace the philosophy of self-realization so that the child should be able to relate his learning experience with early later experience in life.
A Conceptual Clarification Of Problem-solving And Decision MakingTheory For Management Innovations In Education
(2024-04) Timothy Kayode TOWOJU, Ph.D; Deborah Adejumoke ADEYEMO, Ph.D
The dynamic and systematic changes in the management of education are traceable to the introduction of new technological innovations into the system. This result and enhance little demarcation from the past in the affairs of management practices as well as other areas such as teaching and learning. It is factual that educational theories direct management innovations practices and that practices correct theories. Educational management theories are the essential features of management innovations. Variations in individual or human nature are believed to be responsible for differences in the application of knowledge needed for the management innovations in education. Hence, the paper examines the concept of problem-solving and decision-making theory to show how it's bearing affect management innovation in education. The paper explores some steps in problem• solving and decision-making theory to show how it can be applied on the problems of management innovations to yield positive result. It is therefore, of opinion, that the paper would assist all the stakeholders in education in their day to day discharging of their duties.
A PHILOSOPHICAL APPRAISAL OF THE EMERGING TREND OF ADULT EDUCATION IN A DEPRESSED ECONOMY
(2024-12) TIMOTHY KAYODE TOWOJU, Ph.D,; ABDULLAHI IBRAHIM SALAUDEEN, Ph.D; SAFI LAWAL, Ph.D
The study is a philosophical appraisal of the emerging trend of Adult education in a depressed economy. Nigeria is currently being bitten hard by depressed economy. The depression is characterized by economic hardship, high inflation, accumulation of debt servicing, unemployment and job loss amongst others. This lends credence to the consideration and adoption of the philosophy of self reliance and self consciousness through technologies in-built into the programs of the education. This is based on the fact that education has been globally regarded and recognized as an instrument of change and social transformation. Hence, there is need to make a philosophical appraisal of the emerging trend of Adult education to throw more lights on how the programs of the education could enhance and improve the productive powers of the learners to breed adequate development. The paper concludes that adequate strengthening of Adult education through its philosophical base is indisputable a force for promoting individuals survival in a depressed economy. The paper makes a suggestion of new innovation that can serves as eye’s openers for the individuals who wants to know more about the emerging trend of Adult education and to assist them in the development and imbibing of new skills
A PHILOSOPHICAL CLARIFICATION OF KNOWLEDGE IN THE NIGERIAN NATIONAL POLICY ON EDUCATION
(2024-07) DR. TOWOJU KAYODE TIMOTHY
This study made a critical examination of knowledge as an objective of education in the Nigerian National Policy on Education, highlighting the need for philosophical clarification. Through a critical analysis of the policy document and relevant literature, this research identified ambiguities and inconsistencies in the understanding of knowledge, which hinder the effective implementation of the policy. By employing philosophical tools and concepts, this study clarifies the meaning of knowledge, based on the fact that education can be used as an instrument of social transformation and reconstruction through the promotion of viable knowledge as spelled out in the Nigerian National Policy on Education. It raises little or no doubt that the national policy on Education is a statement of education intentions pre-designed to breed physical, social, and economic development through the development of individual attitudes, norms, and skills to foster continuously the wellbeing of mankind. Consequently, the concept of knowledge in relation to mind, skills, values, and attitude should serve as the basic concepts of clarification, since it would enable stakeholders to dislodge the gaps between theory and practice of education and hence breed better commitment or adherence to the issue of knowledge in the policy. This research contributes to the ongoing debate on the nature of knowledge and its implications for education policy and practice. The paper recommended, amongst other things, that our programs of education should be directed towards positive applications of knowledge as value-oriented.
A PHILOSOPHICAL THEORY OF DUALISM AND ITS PLACE IN EDUCATION IN THIS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AGE
(2024-12) DR. TOWOJU KAYODE TIMOTHY; ABDULLAHI IBRAHIM SALAHU-DEEN, Ph.D,; ADELEYE AJIBOYE RAPHAEL
The main purpose of this paper is to provide a clarification of theory of dualism by showing its place in the process of education in this artificial intelligent age. Dualism is a philosophical theory which posits the existence of two fundamental substance entities or realms, often contrasted as mind and body, soul and matter or consciousness and physical. Dualism posits that these two aspects are separate and distinct, and that they interact regularly but are not reducible to each other James, 1960. This work was embarked upon to draw the attention of the educators and stakeholders to the important role of mind and body in the process of education. The clarification of dualism is to show its place in education, and it becomes necessary because in the process of acquiring knowledge, the reception and precaution/storing of ideas, reading and the process of awareness or consciousness, the mind explores various sources of ideas, and the body serves as an instrument of actions during the process of teaching and learning in this artificial intelligent age. Based on the foregoing discussion, it is obvious that in education, most courses are splitted up into its practical (physical) and theoretical (mental) foundation; this calls for the consideration of how dualism influences our educational prosperousness in order to breed progressive development and improvement. This owes to the fact that educators, stakeholders can annex the dual nature of man for the purpose of improving the quality of education in this artificial intelligent age, if the place of dualism in education is properly figured out as mental and physical, knowledge will easily be acquired.
A PHILOSOPHICAL UNDERPINNING OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION AS QUIDDITY OF FREEDOM MANAGEMENT
(2024-06) Timothy Kayode TOWOJU Ph.D; Abdullahi Ibrahim SALAHU-DEEN, Ph D
The paper provides a philosophical underpinning of entrepreneurship education by showing how its philosophical base freely affects the procuring, maintaining and development of competent workforce in an organization to achieve the greatest goals. In the course of the explanation, the necessary philosophy of pragmatism coupled with the power of limited human freedom are employed to root out effective freedom management. This is because, pragmatism embraces human experience and emphasizes changes. Hence, it can be used to determine the appropriate structure and scope of the entrepreneurship education as it equally embraces freedom by encouraging people/human to seek out process when works best in order to achieve desirable end through freedom management. The methodology of approach is conceptual clarification and this is the structural framework by which philosophical arguments are suited for logical presentation. Therefore the bearing of entrepreneurship education on the freedom management in an organization is elucidated using the philosophy of pragmatism. The study prefers that knowledge need to be re-directed, re-oriented and reformulated to address the problem of freedom management to enable each component of the workforce to work in its state of affairs to become aware of itself as method of responsibility
A PHILOSOPHICAL UNDERPINNING OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION AS QUIDDITY OF FREEDOM MANAGEMENT
(2024) Abdullahi Ibrahim SALAHU-DEEN
The paper provides a philosophical underpinning of entrepreneurship education by showing how its philosophical base freely affects the procuring, maintaining and development of competent workforce in an organization to achieve the greatest goals. In the course of the explanation, the necessary philosophy of pragmatism coupled with the power of limited human freedom are employed to root out effective freedom management. This is because, pragmatism embraces human experience and emphasizes changes. Hence, it can be used to determine the appropriate structure and scope of the entrepreneurship education as it equally embraces freedom by encouraging people/human to seek out process when works best in order to achieve desirable end through freedom management. The methodology of approach is conceptual clarification and this is the structural framework by which philosophical arguments are suited for logical presentation. Therefore the bearing of entrepreneurship education on the freedom management in an organization is elucidated using the philosophy of pragmatism. The study prefers that knowledge need to be re-directed, re-oriented and reformulated to address the problem of freedom management to enable each component of the workforce to work in its state of affairs to become aware of itself as method of responsibility.
A STUDY OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS READING CULTURE IN KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
(2021-01) Lawal Safi; MOHAMED, Fatima Hafiz; Obateru, 0luwatoyin Tolu
The development of primary education trend across the globe was replicated prior to the attainment of independent in Nigeria, This is a move to look inward on how the country can lay a very good foundation for Nigeria education. The inclusion of language skils in the primay education programme is to create steel between the goals of establishing lower basic education and the actualization processes of the programme, The performance of Nigeria primary school pupils is not commensurate with the output expected of them in reading. Many factors are responsible for this declined nature. The trust of this paper therefore, is to assess Kogi State primary school teachers' reading culture using reading efficiency inventory adopted from NTI 2016 millinium development goals (MDGSs) in English project manual as Instrument to assess teachers variables. Five research questions were raised, The questionnaire on teachers' reading culture, habits and efficiengy was analysed using frequency count and percentage, The results revealed there is no correlation between Kogi State primary school teachers reading culture, habits efficiency and their reading skils. Base on the findings, it was recommended that teachers attitude, interest habits, skills and efficiency as components of reading culture be positive and suggestions for further study was made for other researchers to assess students and teachers reading culture habits and efficiency at other levels of Nigeria education,
A SURVEY OF LOWER-BASIC SCHOOL PUPILS' ATTITUDE AND MOTIVATION TOWARDS THE LEARNING OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN IKERE-EKITI, EKITI, NIGERIA
(2019-05) Ogunleye, Gladys Aderonke; Lawal Safi; Obateru, Oluwatoyin Tolu
Significant among factors that constitute foreign language learning problems are affective variables such as attitudes; orientations, motivation, and anxiety. Out of these identified factors, leamners' attitude and motivation are essential to successtul second language learning and learing. The dignified role of English language in Nigeria calls for prompt attention to pupils' low proficiency/problems in English Language. These problems could originate from lower- basic school pupils' poor attitude and dearth of motivation owards the learning of English language account for their poor leamning in the subject. This mini-research examines lower basic school pupils' attitude and motivation towards English language. Forty pupils between the ages of 11-15 vears were drawn as respondents from samnple schools. Questionnaire was used for the collection of data and descripti'" statistics was used to analysis the data. The findings indicate that pupils with positive attitude and extrinsic motivation towards learning of English performed better in the language. Based on the findings, this study recommends that teachers of English anguage at the upper basic school level should employ approprate teaching strategies to motivate learners and that learners of English language should have positive attitude towards the learning of the subject.
A Synchronous Study of Listening Awareness of Students of Tertiary Institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria
(2016-03) lliyas Rasaq; Olajide Stephen; Abdulmumeen Yekeen; Lawal Shafi
The study examined listening awareness of students of higher institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria. Since the impression hat listening is acquired naturally has been found to be erroneous particularly in English as a Second Language (ESL) environment. the study tries to situate listening awareness movement on the Nigeria context. This becomes imperative considering a near entirely aural knowledge delivery context through ESL in the country's higher education system. To determine required pedagogical tudents' sigeeds, enhance critical thinking, ESL learning academic performance`and impactful education, the study inquest into the listening awareness of tudents with 207 participants drawn from 8 tertiary institutions. Questionnaire was used to collate data and the reliability of the instrument was determined in a split half pilot testing on two institutions not involved in the study yielded an index of 0.82 when analysed using Pearson Moment Correlation, which showed its reliability. Data analyzed reveal that students generally have awareness of listening, but disagree that listening topics are uninteresting and that listening do not need to be taught. The study, however found no significance difference in the listening awareness of students based on gender, courses of study and differences in the institutions they attend. It is therefore recommended that teachers of the Use of English should be retrained on current strategies of teaching listening and curriculum agencies should introduce and emphasize listening teaching from the lower school level to make education the means of national development.
Analysis of Listening Comprehension Performance of Senior Secondary School Students in Kaduna, Nigeria
(2020-09) Maryam Mohammed Kangiwa; Lawal, Safi; Ishola, Abdulkareem Farooq
English as a language of instruction in Nigeria has been a barrier to effective listening skill. Communication is a way of disseminating information among people which may involve the use of a language or any other conventional means. The role of listening skills in communication cannot be underestimated at all levels of education. This study examines listening comprehension performance of senior secondary school students in Kaduna, Nigeria. It also analyses the level of listening comprehension performance of senior secondary school students in at the informative level based on gender. The study adopted a descriptive survey research type. The population for the study comprised all the senior secondary school students in Kaduna metropolis, while the target y"pulation consisted of all the senior secondary school two students in the sampled schools. Researchers designed a listening comprehension test to elicit information from the respondents. The reliability of the instrument was determined by using the test-retest procedure and a reliability index of 0.76 was recorded using Pearson's Product Moment Correlation statistics. The findings of the study revealed that maiority of the respondents had average performance in the general level of listening comprehension. Also, most of the respondents had low performance in informative level of listening comprehension, while there is no significant difforence in the male and female students performance at the informative level of listening comprehension, Based on the findings of this study, It was recommended that senior secondary school students should be sensitised on how 1o pay attention to what they hear and read to be able to listen with purposeful mind.
Analysis of Teaching Instructional Resources used to Enhance Upper-basic School Learners Writing Performnce in Kaduna Mtropolis
(2020-12) Safi Lawal; Mariam Mohammed Kangiwa; Ishola Abdulkareem Farooq
ASSESSMENT OF LOWER-BASIC SCHOOL PUPILS' ATTITUDE TOWARDS READING AND THEIR COMPREHENSION IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN ILORIN METROPOLIS
(2019) LAWAL, Safi; OBATERU, Oluwatoyin Tolu; OGUNLEYE G. A
Reading is a complex activity that requires learners' effort, interest, attention and determination. Lawal (1997) affirmed that reading consist of two fundamental processes: the physical or visual process and the mental or intellectual process which are determined by the learners attitude and disposition. Reading comprehension nvolves a high degree of mental representation of meaning. Language is at the centre of human life. It used for a number of functions: to achieve goals, to further careers, to gain simple pleasure, for personal enrichment and broadening of educational experience and so on. Some peopie can do some or all of these with more than one language. Being able to use another language provides a number of opportunities: getting a job, a chance to get educated, ability to take part in the life of the society, an expansion of one's political opinions or religious beliefs and so on (Ogunleye, 2008). The acquisition and use of English lapmuage as a second language and language of education is vital to everyday lives of millions of Nigerians because of the dominant role of the English language particularly in the learning process is vivid. Teachers of English language are expected to ensure that they assist pupils to perform more effectively in English language learning. It is observed that many pupils engaged in learning English as a second language within and outside the classroom but one crucial factor in learning English as a second language is what the pupils bring with them into the process. Ogunleye, (2008)affirmed that most 2 learner's have fully formed their personalities and minds when they start learning the second language and this has profound effects on their ways of learning and how successful they are likely to be.
ASSESSMENT OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ CONCEPTION OF OSMOSIS AND DIFFUSION USING FOUR-TIER DIAGNOSTIC TEST IN ILORIN, NIGERIA
(JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND MATHEMATICS PEDAGOGY, VOL. 2 NO 2, OCTOBER, 2024, 2024-10-09) Sulaiman, Musa Mohammed and Gbigbadua, Abdulraheem Dare
This research investigated the understanding of osmosis and diffusion among pre-service science education teachers at Ilorin, Nigeria, employing a four-tier diagnostic test entitled Osmosis and Diffusion Four-tier Test. It was administered to 300 pre-service biology teachers as a test of their knowledge of osmosis and diffusion. The data gathered were analyzed using descriptive statistics of percentages and pie chart, while the hypothesis was analyzed using the t-test at .05 level of significance. Results from the study disclosed that 23% of respondents have scientific knowledge, 36% lack information, 28% have misconceptions, and 13% have no comprehension of the concepts. It further indicates that male and female pre-service teachers perceive osmosis and diffusion differently, with males having a better conception of osmosis and diffusion. These findings imply that pre-service instructors' assumptions and lack of knowledge about osmosis and diffusion will have an impact on how they teach and how their students learn. Based on the findings, it was suggested that teachers should be aware of and try to change the students' preconceptions, and that they should also be gender-conscious in their approaches to teaching. The 4-tier diagnostic test is an effective way to gauge a students’ understanding and therefore, can lead to more appropriate teaching methods for osmosis and diffusion.
ASSESSMENT OF THE VIEWS OF SENIOR SCHOOL STUDENTS ON HIV/AIDS IN A STATE IN NORTH CENTRAL, NIGERIA
(Anale. Seria Informatică, 2018) Kayode O.O., Ogundokun R.O., , Olorundare A. S., Adeniyi E. A. and Ogundokun O. E.
Assessment of the view of senior school students on HIV/AIDS was carried out in Offa Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria with the aim of investigating the general views of senior school students on HIV/AIDS. Random sampling technique was employed to select 10 schools comprising both public and private schools while purposive method was used to sample 300 biology students across the selected schools. Sharing of blade, needle or any sharp object with another person had higher risk of contracting HIV account for 89.3% of the respondents, followed by casual sex intercourse with an infected person and prostitutes. It is therefore recommended that HIV/AIDS and sex education should be incorporated into the Biology curriculum of senior secondary school students in Nigeria. Also, more emphasis should be made on abstaining from early sexual activities and parents should be encouraged to talk about sex values to their children.
ASSESSMENT OF THE VIEWS OF SENIOR SCHOOL STUDENTS ON HIV/AIDS IN A STATE IN NORTH CENTRAL, NIGERIA
(Annals. Computer Science Series., 2019) Kayode O. O., Ogundokun R. O, Olorundare A, S., Adeniyi E. A., Ogundokun O. E.
Assessment of the view of senior school students on HIV/AIDS was carried out in Offa Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria with the aim of investigating the general views of senior school students on HIV/AIDS. Random sampling technique was employed to select 10 schools comprising both public and private schools while purposive method was used to sample 300 biology students across the selected schools. Sharing of blade, needle or any sharp object with another person had higher risk of contracting HIV account for 89.3% of the respondents, followed by casual sex intercourse with an infected person and prostitutes. It is therefore recommended that HIV/AIDS and sex education should be incorporated into the Biology curriculum of senior secondary school students in Nigeria. Also, more emphasis should be made on abstaining from early sexual activities and parents should be encouraged to talk about sex values to their children.
AVAILABILITY AND USE OF RESOURCES FOR TEACHING IN ILORIN, NIGERIA
(ALHIKMA JOURNAL OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES EDUCATION, 2022-06-01) ABDULRAHMAN, ABDULWAHEED ABIODUN
Teacher, teaching and instructional resources go hand in hand, particularly, in handling English within English as Second Language (ESL) context. This study focused on availability and use of resources for teaching English in Ilorin, Nigeria. The study was descriptive and it involved 100 teachers across schools in Ilorin as respondents using questionnaire. The results show that where resources are available, teachers use only the non-human. It also shows that the variables of gender, school type and school location do not have any significant influence on the availability/use of resources. It was therefore recommended that teachers should change their dispositions and use both human and non-human resources in teaching English.
CONNECTING KNOWLEDGE AND VALUE: THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN EPISTEMOLOGY, AXIOLOGY, AND THEIR INTERCONNECTEDNESS IN EDUCATIONAL CONTEXTS
(2024-12) MR ADELEYE AJIBOYE RAPHEAL; DR. TIMOTHY KAYODE TOWOJU; OLAOYE ELIJAH OLAWALE
This paper explores the relationships between epistemology, axiology, and education in a logical order, highlighting their importance for teaching and learning in educational policy. For ages, many scholars and philosophers have sought to understand the relevance of epistemology and axiology, the two "sister" branches of philosophy, to education. It is widely acknowledged that both are related to education, as they are among the four core branches of philosophy. Philosophy of education is an application of philosophy to education. Education and epistemology deal with what we know and how we know it. Epistemology can be understood as the theory of knowledge, while axiology is the theory of values, which is the worth we give to a person, thing, idea, or event. Axiology is the general study of value and can be divided into ethics and aesthetics, both of which are closely related to education. Moreover, education is a lifelong process that embeds moral codes such as good, rights, and justice from birth to death. The analysis reveals that knowledge and values influence decision-making in education. Understanding their logical relationships can lead to effective and equitable education approaches. This research recommends that the intersection between epistemology and axiology can improve and shape educational theory and practice.
CORRELATIONAL STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF STRESS ON PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN KWARA STATE.
(Sapientia Foundation Journal of Education, Sciences and Gender Studies (, 2020) ALI IBRAHIM LAFIAGI
This study examined the Impact of Stress on Pre-Service Teachers’ Academic Achievement in Kwara State. The design adopted for the study was correlational type of survey design. However, 384 students, both male and female were purposively selected for the study using random sampling technique. Two instruments were used for data collection. They are; Pre-Service Teachers Stress Questionnaire (PTSQ) and Pre-service Teachers Academic Performance Scores (PSTAPS). The research instruments were duly validated by experts and have reliability coefficient index power of 0.87 and 0.84 respectively. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used in the test of the null hypothesis postulated by the study. the study found that that significant relationship exist between stress and academic achievement of preservice teachers in Kwara State College of Education, Ilorin (r= -0.810, p=0.000). In the light of the foregoing, it is recommended among others that the college academic environment should be made conducive by improving on classrooms for lectures and amenities such as light, strong and uninterrupted internet connectivity and water supply system.
CREATIVIVITY AND ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION AS PREDICTORS OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
(Department of Sociology, University of Jos, 2016-09) Saadu, Kayode Yunus, Bibire Abdulkareem Hussein, Adewuni, David Adebayo and Abubakar, Muhammed Sanni
The study assessed creativity and achievement motivation as predictors of achievement of Senior Secondary School Students in Kwara State, Nigeria. Correlational research design was adopted for the study. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select twelve (12) public and private schools while simple random sampling technique was used to select four hundred and two (402) senior secondary school students (111) across the State. The research instruments used were creativity assessment scale and achievement motivation scale adapted from Sunday (2000). Academic achievement test was also adopted from NECO past questions ranging from 2009-2012. The instruments were validated by the expert in education and were found to have reliability coefficient of 0.64, 0.72 and 0.68 respectively. Research questions were raised and answered using descriptive statistics in form of frequency counts and percentage and null hypothesis generated and analyzed using multiple regression analysis technique. The findings of the study revealed average academic achievement, high creativity and high achievement motivation among secondary school students in Kwara State. Finding of the study showed that both creativity and achievement motivation significantly predicted students’ achievement in mathematics, the result revealed multiple regression analysis of 5.2% (R2=0.052), with F.ratio = 10.957 (p<0.05), with degree of freedom (df) of 399, significantly at 0.05. Based on the findings the researcher recommended that Students especially at the Secondary School level should be given opportunities to carry out creative activities capable of developing their creative talents by a way of allowing them to put into practice what they acquired theoretically in the class. Teachers and instructors should endeavor to avoid imposing on students and give them freedom of expression. It was also recommended that appropriate teaching methods such as discovery methods in teaching creativity among secondary school students should be employed. Similarly, it was recommended that students should be provided with feedback on their actions such as marking their scripts and reinforcing good responses to develop internally generated motives in order to perform excellently in their academic endeavour.

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