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- ItemAntibacterial Activities of Methanol and Ethanol Extracts of Moringa oleifera(Lam) Leaves(Federal University of Kashere, Gombe State, 2024) Akanbi-Gada, M. A.; Abubakar, F.A.; Ajiboye A.T; Olorukooba H.O; Jimoh F.A; Olabamiji S.T; Yahaya Z.O; Adenekan A; Amubieya, O.FMoringa oleifera is known for its therapeutic potential, particularly in treating bacterial infections. This study aimed to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of Moringa oleifera extracts (ethanol and methanol) on two bacterial strains: Escherichia coli (gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive). The extracts were tested at concentrations of 200, 150, 100, 50, and 25 mg/ml. Phytochemical analysis was also conducted. Results showed that Moringa extracts exhibited significant antibacterial activity, with the methanol extract showing an MIC and MBC of 200 mg/ml, and the ethanol extract showing an MIC and MBC of 150 mg/ml. The zones of inhibition were 19 mm (E. coli) and 18 mm (S. aureus) for methanol extract, and 18 mm (E. coli) and 17 mm (S. aureus) for ethanol extract. These results were similar to those of Ciprofloxacin (a standard antibiotic), indicating that Moringaextracts have strong antimicrobial properties. The study suggests that Moringa oleifera could be used as an alternative or adjunct to conventional antibiotics. Future studies should explore the synergistic effects of combining Moringa extracts with existing antibiotics to enhance their effectiveness and combat antibiotic resistance
- ItemCOMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO NIGERIAN BEANS VARIETIES PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH DIFFERENT APPLICATION OF NODUMAX BIOFERTILIZATION(2025) Christiana Oke.; Akanbi-Gada, Mariam A; Abdulrasheed Adio; Oluwatobi A.S; Saliu B.Z; Abdulhamid, Hhis study investigated the effects of varying concentrations of Nodumax (0.5g, 1g and 5g) on the growth and reproductive performance of two cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) varieties—Ife brown and Ife omo at the Greenhouse of the Department of Plant and Environmental Biology, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria. A number of three seeds were planted per pot, and each treatment was replicated three times. Prior to planting, three concentrations [low (0.5g), high (5g) and IITA Standard inoculum of concentrations of Nodumax], were applied to the soil. Uninoculated pots served as controls. Growth parameters were assessed monthly from April to June, while reproductive traits were measured after three months. Results revealed that high Nodumax concentration (5g) significantly enhanced nodulation and biomass. For instance, Ife omo recorded the highest nodule count (34.77 ± 0.03), pod with seeds (10.38 ± 0.07), and wet weight (28.04 ± 0.17g) in June under high concentration. Similarly, Ife brown showed improved stem length (30.80 ± 0.06 cm) and number of leaves (19.60 ± 0.06). High Nodumax treatments outperformed both the IITA Standard and control, indicating a positive correlation between rhizobial concentration and plant performance. This study fills a critical gap in cowpea agronomy by demonstrating that optimized rhizobial inoculation enhances varietal productivity and supports sustainable legume-based farming system
- ItemNEMATODE COMMUNITY STRUCTURES DEPICT SOIL HEALTH STATUS OF KOLA NUT TREE (COLA SPP.) FORESTS OF SOUTH-WEST NIGERIA(Biotechnical Faculty of Montenegro, 2025) Oluwatoyin FABIYI; Tesleem BELLO; Jeleel Kareem; Abdulmujib Yusuf; Mariam Akanbi-GadaNematodes, the most prevalent multicellular organism in soil, hold a crucial position in the construction of the soil food web. They have been established as being excellent indicators of soil conditions which ultimately influence crop productivity. A survey was conducted to evaluate the soil nematode assemblages of kola tree forests in Oke Geu, Litaye, Ajue and Oniparaga villages of Ondo state, Nigeria. Soil samples were taken at random from all fields. The nematodes encountered were identified to generic level. A sum of 27 nematode genera, spanning 20 families, were discovered in sampled kola fields. Eight genera of plant parasitic nematodes were recovered, Helicotylenchus and Paratylenchus were the most abundant species. In line with all previous reports of free-living nematode assemblages in Nigeria, this study established that bacterivores were the most common nematodes. No significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed across all indices of ecosystem measured except with respect to the mean plant parasitic index and PPI/MI ratios. According to the food web study, 25% of the samples were plotted in quadrat B, reflecting mature and nutrient-rich soil conditions based on their metabolic footprints, while the remaining 75% were lotted in quadrat C, indicative of stable and fertile soil. Results further emphasized the importance of utilizing the concept of nematode c-p values in interpreting food web status of different soil habitats. The findings from this research added to the body of knowledge already available on the application of nematodes as markers of soil health and furthermore provides the first study of nematode assemblages in kola tree fields in West and Sub-Saharan Africa.
- ItemComparative Pot Experimental Studies for Phyto-Remediation of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Water Using Ludwigia Decurrens(Rabia Acemioglu, 2025-05-25) Damilola Ogundele; Beatrice Ibiyeye; Akanbi-Gada Mariam Abiola; Simeon Gbenga OladeleHeavy metal pollution in surface and groundwater bodies has become a major environmental concern, largely driven by the rapid expansion of industries. However, an effective and sustainable solution lies in the use of hydrophytes for phytoremediation. This approach offers an environmentally friendly and cost-effective way to remove heavy metals from contaminated water bodies. This study assessed the efficiency of hydrophytes (Ludwigia decurrens) for the removal of some selected heavy metals (HMs) in a combined state under a controlled pot experiment, using four different heavy metal concentrations. L. decurrens plant was obtained at a swampy area of university of Ilorin farm. The metals were combined in a pot at four different concentrations (10, 20, 30 & 40) ppm using 5 mL of each metal concentration. Samples of water and plants parts were taken at 7 days interval, digested using wet acid digestion and the digestates were analyzed for Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The plants were separated into different parts, root, stem and leaf. The average HMs percentage removal at different concentrations of (10, 20, 30 & 40) ppm for four weeks was Cd - 94.09%, 97.69%, 99.01% and 99.17%, Cr - was 91.46%, 91.37%, 82.20% and 84.25%, Pb - 90.69%, 85.56%, 97.71`% and 94.53%, while Zn - 50.31%, 51.34%, 77.79% and 83.24% respectively. The heavy metals were removed in order of Cd >Pb> Cr>Zn. The results show that the hydrophyte, L. decurrens can efficiently remove HMs at varied concentrations with maximum affinity for Cd among the four heavy metals studied.
- ItemCOMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO NIGERIAN BEANS VARIETIES PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH DIFFERENT APPLICATION OF NODUMAX BIOFERTILIZATION(Federal University, Dutsin-Ma, 2025-05) Oke, Christiana O., Akanbi-Gada, Mariam A., Adio, Abdulrasheed A., Oluwatobi, Ayodele S., Salihu, Bolaji Z. and Abdulhamid, Hikmat A.This study investigated the effects of varying concentrations of Nodumax (0.5g, 1g and 5g) on the growth and reproductive performance of two cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) varieties—Ife brown and Ife omo at the Greenhouse of the Department of Plant and Environmental Biology, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria. A number of three seeds were planted per pot, and each treatment was replicated three times. Prior to planting, three concentrations [low (0.5g), high (5g) and IITA Standard inoculum of concentrations of Nodumax], were applied to the soil. Uninoculated pots served as controls. Growth parameters were assessed monthly from April to June, while reproductive traits were measured after three months. Results revealed that high Nodumax concentration (5g) significantly enhanced nodulation and biomass. For instance, Ife omo recorded the highest nodule count (34.77 ± 0.03), pod with seeds (10.38 ± 0.07), and wet weight (28.04 ± 0.17g) in June under high concentration. Similarly, Ife brown showed improved stem length (30.80 ± 0.06 cm) and number of leaves (19.60 ± 0.06). High Nodumax treatments outperformed both the IITA Standard and control, indicating a positive correlation between rhizobial concentration and plant performance. This study fills a critical gap in cowpea agronomy by demonstrating that optimized rhizobial inoculation enhances varietal productivity and supports sustainable legume-based farming systems.