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- ItemImpact of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the bio-productivity, seed quality and biochemical properties of Arachis hypogaea (L.)(Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria., 2026-03) Lawal, A. R., B. U. Olayinka, Abdulbaki, A. S., Abdulkareem, K. A., Murthadaha, R. B., Abdulra’uf, L. B., Ayinla, A., Ben-Uwabor, P. O. and Sule, B. T.Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) offer improved nutrient delivery, although their optimum concentrations and impact on groundnut crops remain unclear. This study investigated the impact of zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO-NPs) concentrations on the growth performance, yield, and biochemical properties of Arachis hypogaea L. (groundnut). The concentrations of ZnO-NP investigated were 0.00 (control), 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 and 1.25 g/L. The ZnO-NPs synthesized by the direct precipitation method had FTIR that peaks at 455.22 cm-1 and 1384.94 cm-1, corresponding to Zn-O stretching and deformation vibration. The rod-flower shape of ZnO-NP had a particle size of < 0.99 with good purity. The synthesized ZnO-NPs significantly increased (p<0.05) percentage seed germination that ranged from 66.67% at 0.25 g/l to 97.67 at 1.25 g/L when compared with with the control (56.65%). All ZnO-NP treatments enhanced morphological growth characters and yield attributes when compared with the control. However, chlorophyll content under ZnO-NPs were at par with the control. Nitrate reductase and carbonic anhydrase enzymes increased with the increase in the concentrations of nanoparticles. Seed quality in terms of mineral and proximate compositions showed inconsistent trends. However, Zn and other mineral elements such as K Mg, P and Na were significantly higher under ZnO-NPs when compared with the control. Similarly, ZnO-NPs limit fat accumulation in seeds but showed marked influence on ash, fibre, protein, carbohydrate and energy values. It can be concluded that groundnut bio-productivity, biochemical attributes and seed quality were generally enhanced by zinc oxide nanoparticles with doses between 0.75 and 1.25 g/L showing profound effect.
- ItemAntibacterial Activities of Methanol and Ethanol Extracts of Moringa oleifera (Lam) Leaves(Federal University Kashere, 2024-09-16) Akanbi-Gada, M. A., *Amubieya O. F., Abubakar, F.A., Ajiboye, A. T. , Olorukooba, H. O., jimoh, F. A. , 1 Olabamiji, S. T, Yahaya, Z. O. and Adenekan, A.Moringa oleifera is known for its therapeutic potential, particularly in treating bacterial infections. This study aimed to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of Moringa oleifera extracts (ethanol and methanol) on two bacterial strains: Escherichia coli (gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive). The extracts were tested at concentrations of 200, 150, 100, 50, and 25 mg/ml. Phytochemical analysis was also conducted. Results showed that Moringa extracts exhibited significant antibacterial activity, with the methanol extract showing an MIC and MBC of 200 mg/ml, and the ethanol extract showing an MIC and MBC of 150 mg/ml. The zones of inhibition were 19 mm (E. coli) and 18 mm (S. aureus) for methanol extract, and 18 mm (E. coli) and 17 mm (S. aureus) for ethanol extract. These results were similar to those of Ciprofloxacin (a standard antibiotic), indicating that Moringa extracts have strong antimicrobial properties. The study suggests that Moringa oleifera could be used as an alternative or adjunct to conventional antibiotics. Future studies should explore the synergistic effects of combining Moringa extracts with existing antibiotics to enhance their effectiveness and combat antibiotic resistance. Keywords: Antibacterial activity; drug-resistance; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; phytochemicals.
- ItemEfficacy of biochar on the phytoremediation potential of Tithonia diversifolia on spent oilcontaminated soil(BMC Environmental Science, 2024-07-15) Ogunremi, Omolafe Olamide : Amubieya Omolara Faith: Ogunkunle, Clement Oluseye: Fatoba, Paul OjoThe application of biochar has gained attention as a simple, affordable and sustainable strategy for the remediation of contaminated soils. However, the phytoremediation potential of certain plants and interactions with biochar are necessary to achieve effective environmental clean-up. This study evaluated the influence of biochar on the remediation potential of Tithonia diversifolia grown in spent oil-contaminated soil.
- ItemGreen synthesis and characterization of copper nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf extract and evaluation of their antimicrobial activities(2025-06) Akanbi-Gada, Mariam Abiola, Abdulrasheed Abidemi Adio, Amubieya, Omolara Faith, Iyanda, Yusuf AyodejiThe present study demonstrates the green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) utilizing aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica (neem) leaves. Fresh neem leaves were processed to obtain the extract, which served as a bioreducing and stabilizing agent for the synthesis of CuONPs via a simple aqueous-phase method using copper nitrate. The formation of CuONPs was indicated by a colour change from brown to sea green and confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. XRD results revealed the monoclinic crystalline structure of CuO nanoparticles with an average crystallite size of approximately 3.3 nm. SEM analysis showed irregular, aggregated morphologies, while FTIR spectra identified functional groups responsible for the reduction and stabilization of nanoparticles. Antibacterial activity assessed by the well diffusion method indicated that the biosynthesized CuONPs exhibited substantial inhibitory effects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella oxytoca, but no activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The findings highlight the potential application of neem-mediated CuONPs as eco-friendly antimicrobial agents, particularly targeting Gram-negative bacterial strains. Keywords: Green synthesis, Eco-friendly, CuONPs, Bacterial strains, Multidrug-resistance
- ItemECOTOXICOLOGICAL IMPACT OF PLASTIC ON SELECTED AQUATIC AND TERRESTRIAL HABITATS OF MALETE MORO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KWARA NORTH CENTRAL, NIGERIA(FUDMA Journal of Sciences, 2024-02-01) Amubieya, Omolara FaithPlastic pollution is now a major environmental issue that has a significant impact on ecosystems all around the world. The aim of this research was to examine the ecotoxicological effects of plastic pollution on the aquatic water bodies and terrestrial habitats, in urban centers and waste disposal sites of Malete Community, Kwara State, Nigeria. Plastic samples were collected from three sampling points with the following coordinates, (Latitude 8° 71' 8" and longitude 4° 46' 8"), (Latitude 80 70' 8" Longitude 40 46' 8"), and (Latitude 8° 70' 8" and longitude 4° 46' 8") and they were tagged samples 1, 2 and 3 respectively, this was done as a representative of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis as well as chemical characterization of the plastic samples were carried out using standard procedures and methodologies. Interestingly, sample 1 has high levels of the following compounds, benzene (8.3%) ethylbenzene (22.6, %) and styrene (45.2%), known to have harmful impacts on aquatic life. The presence of 1-Octene (18.9%) and 1-Nonene (22.6%) in Sample 2 indicated the possibility of biomagnification through food chain. The presence of ethyl terephthalate (25.9%), and ethylene glycol (19.3%), which are compounds associated with aquatic toxicity, was evident in Sample 3. This study highlights the widespread ecotoxicological impact of plastic pollution in the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems of Malete Community, Kwara State. The presence of hazardous compounds in the plastic samples suggests significant risks to environmental health.