Alpha-amylase Inhibition and Brine Shrimp Lethality Activities of Nine Medicinal Plant Extracts from South-West Nigerian Ethnomedicine
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Date
2016-08-12
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants
Abstract
Acanthospermum hispidum, Alchornea laxiflora, Calyptrochilum
christyanum, Heliotropicum indicum, Holarrhena floribunda,
Ipomoea asarifolia, Nauclea diderrichii, Piper guineense, and
Tetracera scandens were extracted into methanol and screened
for the availability of alpha-amylase inhibitors. Plant extracts’
toxicity was determined by brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA).
The most active plant, Nauclea diderichii, was fractionated into
four solvent systems (n-hexane fractions, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane,
and n-butanol) and tested. All the extracts showed
varying degrees of alpha-amylase inhibitory activity. N. diderrichii
with IC50 = 248.30 ± 0.27 μg.mL–1 had the highest inhibitory
activity, while its butanol fraction with IC50 = 137.8 μg.mL–
1 had activity comparable to the standard α-amylase inhibitor
acarbose (IC50 = 177.50 ± 0.42 μg.mL–1). LC50 values for BSLA
ranged from 11.35 to 1,127.50 μg.mL–1, with T. scandens being
the most toxic with 11.35 μg.mL–1 and N. diderrichii the least
toxic with 1,127.50 μg.mL–1.