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A binary logit estimation of factors influencing awareness about grasscutter farming among rural and sub-urban households in Kwara state, Nigeria
(World Journal of Agricultural Research, 2017) SA Salau, OJ Yusuf, DF Apata, OM Adesina
Hunting of grass cutter for food in Nigeria is unsustainable due to serious challenges posed to the ecosystems, adequate bush meat supply and human health. To enhance sustainable exploitation, grass cutter farming is desirable but large percentage of the population still lack awareness about grass cutter rearing. This study was aimed at investigating factors influencing awareness about grass cutter farming in Kwara state. A two–stage sampling technique was used to select 540 participants from rural and sub-urban households for the study. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression model were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the respondents had an average age of 46 years with an average family size of 7 persons. Majority (77%) of the respondents were males. The Nagelkerke R2 , explained 80.9% of the total variation in awareness of households. The coefficient of age, gender, household size, education, and access to credit with the t-values of -2.333, 1.959, 2.000, 2.235 and 13.832 respectively were all found to be critical in explaining awareness among the sampled households. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that any intervention strategy on grass cutter farming by government and international development agencies should have a capacity-building component center on educating households about the management practices and livelihood merits of farm grass cutters. Increase awareness through media should be promoted and policies like loan schemes that would substantially improve households’ access to use and acquisition of credits should be encouraged.
A Comparative Analysis of Crop Production Intensification and its Determinants among Kwara and Niger States Maize-Based Farming Households
(Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2011) SA Salau, MO Adewumi, OA Omotesho, OE Ayinde
Nigeria has been faced with food supply deficit in the past decades. Continuous increase in population density and the consequent pressures from competing demands for land over time have the tendency of worsening the Nigerian arable land situation in the foreseeable future, if unaddressed. Thus, this study compared crop production intensification and its determinants among Kwara and Niger States maize-based households. A total of two-hundred and fifty-two maize-based households were interviewed using structured questionnaire. Data collected were analysed using crop intensification index and Tobit regression model. Analysis revealed that Niger state households have higher crop intensity scores than those of Kwara state households. The estimated Tobit model revealed that market access, farm income and adoption of land management practices; and extension contact, farm income and adoption of land management practices are the significant variables among Kwara and Niger State maize-based households respectively. For sustainability of maize based production, there is the need for a policy option that addresses the provision of qualitative extension education and farming households’ access to market in the study areas.
ADOPTION OF IMPROVED YAM PRODUCTION PRACTICES AMONGST FARMERS IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
(2022) Olatinwo Latifat Kehinde; Yusuf Olayinka Jelili; Komolafe Sola Emmanuel; Ibrahim Adamu
This study assessed the adoption of improved yam production practices (IYPPs) to sustain yam production amongst farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria. One hundred and fifty (150) yam farmers were randomly selected in Kaiama and Baruten local government areas. Primary data was collected with the use of structure questionnaire. Data collected was analysed with frequency count, percentages, mean score, and regression statistical tools. Findings reveal that 94.7% were aware of improved yam production practices. IYPPs adopted by farmers were agro-chemicals and fertilizer application (58.0%), minisett technology-improved yam seed variety (52.7%), and seed treatment-preservation/packaging techniques (23.3%). A t-test (t = 9.434; p < 0.01) indicated farm size after adoption was statistically greater than farm size before adoption. About 82.0% indicated that the reason for the adoption of the IYPPs was to sustainably increase yam production. The study concludes that yam farmers adopted some IYPPs to sustainably increase yam production.
ADOPTION OF IMPROVED YAM PRODUCTION PRACTICES AMONGST FARMERS IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA.
(2022) Olatinwo, Latifat Kehinde; Yusuf, Olayinka Jelili; Komolafe, Sola Emmanuel; Ibrahim, Adamu
This study assessed the adoption of improved yam production practices (IYPPs) to sustain yam production amongst farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria. One hundred and fifty (150) yam farmers were randomly selected in Kaiama and Baruten local government areas. Primary data was collected with the use of structure questionnaire. Data collected was analysed with frequency count, percentages, mean score, and regression statistical tools. Findings reveal that 94.7% were aware of improved yam production practices. IYPPs adopted by farmers were agro-chemicals and fertilizer application (58.0%), minisett technology-improved yam seed variety (52.7%), and seed treatment-preservation/packaging techniques (23.3%). A t-test (t = 9.434; p < 0.01) indicated farm size after adoption was statistically greater than farm size before adoption. About 82.0% indicated that the reason for the adoption of the IYPPs was to sustainably increase yam production. The study concludes that yam farmers adopted some IYPPs to sustainably increase yam production.
Agricultural Commercialization, Fertilizer Use and Non-Farm Employment: What Options for Smallholder Farmers in Nigeria?
(International Association of Agricultural Economists, 2018) S Salau, O Omotesho, A Muhammad-Lawal
Agricultural commercialization is necessary for increased agricultural intensification and productivity in Nigeria. However, there is paucity of empirical information on the effects of agricultural commercialization on input use, labor demand and engagement in non-farm employment across the country. This study examined the effects of agricultural commercialization at the household level on fertilizer use, demand for hired labor and participation in non-farm employment in Northern Nigeria. Household Commercialization Index (HCI), Two-stage Least Squares (2SLS) and Instrumental Variable (IV) estimations were used to analyze the primary data collected from 270 maize farming households in Kaduna and Kano States. The study revealed that commercialization had the potentials for increasing the demand for fertilizer usage and hired labor among maize farming households. However, it reduced the tendency for households to participate in non-farm employment. Smallholder commercialization of maize should therefore be promoted through adoption of complementary technologies that free labor from onfarm activities
AGRICULTURAL LAND-USE SYSTEMS AND CLIMATE CHANGE AMONG SMALL FARMERS IN NIGERIA
(Proceedings of the Satellite conference of the International Association for Statistical Education (IASE), August 2019, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., 2019-08-10) Kayode Ayantoye; Apata T. G.; Idowu S. O.; G. Y. N’Guessan
In sub-Saharan-Africa (SSA), agriculture land-use supports the livelihoods of the majority of people. Landuse for agricultural-activity is an economic-activity that is highly dependent upon weather and climate that produce food and fibre necessary to sustain human life. Hence, land-use for agriculture is expected to be vulnerable to climate variability. This paper examines this relationship. The paper presents data and generated evidence-based decision making under risk and uncertainty as influenced by climate change and its effects on agricultural land-use/outputs. Farm-level cost-route survey of cross-sectional national-data of 800 respondents was used for analysis. Data were analyzed and presented using the tools of descriptive statistics, trans-logarithms model and multivariate probit model (MVP). The study indicated a strong relationship between efficient use of agricultural-land and adaptive-processes to climate-change. Thus, providing data and analysis that strengthen policy decisions on land-use and climate change. Hence, policies of promoting and motivating sustainable land-use management need to be entrenched.
Agricultural Researchers’ Awareness of the Causes and Effects of Climate Change in Edo State, Nigeria
(2011) Tajudeen Oyekunle Banmeke; Olugbenga Emmanuel Fakoya; Ibrahim Folorunsho Ayanda
The study assessed Agricultural researchers’ awareness of the causes and effects of climate change in Edo State, Nigeria. Data for the study were collected from 112 respondents and were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings indicated that 45.5% of the respondents were between the ages of 31-50 years with 64.2% having a work experience of 5-10 years. Results revealed that 96.4% and 94.6% of the respondents were aware of gas flaring and oil spillage as causes of climate change. Also, 98.2% and 95.5% of the respondents were aware of increase in temperature and change in rainfall pattern respectively as some of the effects of climate change. There was a significant relationship between information sources and awareness of causes of climate change (r = 0.32; p < 0.05). It was recommended that agricultural researcher should be pragmatic and proactive in the pursuit of issues relating to climate change.
An analysis of climate change and health hazards: results from an international study
(International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 2022-04) Walter Leal Filho, Linda Ternova, Muhammad Muddassir Fayyaz, Ismaila Rimi Abubakar, Marina Kovaleva, Felix Kwabena Donkor, Samuel Weniga Anuga, Abraham R. Matamanda, Ilija Djekic, Ibrahim Abatcha Umar, Felicia Motunrayo Olooto, Maria Meirelles, Gustavo J. Nagy, Julia May, Marta May, Eromose Ebhuoma and Halima Begum
The interconnections between climate change and health are well studied. However, there is a perceived need for studies that examine how responses to health hazards (e.g. cardiovascular diseases, ozone layer effects, allergens, mental health and vector-borne diseases) may assist in reducing their impacts. The purpose of this paper is to review the evidence on health responses to climate hazards and list some measures to address them. A mixed literature review, bibliometric analysis and an original online survey were undertaken on 140 participants from 55 countries spread across all geographical regions. The bibliometric analysis identified that most climate-related health hazards are associated with extreme weather events. However, only one-third of the investigated papers specifically analysed the connections between climate change and health hazards, revealing a thematic gap. Also, although Africa is highly affected by climate change, only 5% of the assessed studies focused on this continent. Many respondents to the survey indicated “heat distress” as a significant vulnerability. The survey also identified social determinants relevant to climate-induced health vulnerabilities, such as socioeconomic and environmental factors, infrastructure and pre-existing health conditions. Most respondents agree that policies and regulations are the most effective adaptation tools to address the public health hazards triggered by climate change. This paper presents some suggestions for optimising public health responses to health hazards associated with climate change, such as the inclusion of climate-related components in public health policies, setting up monitoring systems to assess the extent to which specific climate events may pose a health threat, establishing plans to cope with the health implications of heatwaves, increased measures to protect vulnerable groups and education and awareness-raising initiatives to reduce the overall vulnerability of the population to climate-related health hazards. These measures may assist the ongoing global efforts to understand better– and cope with– the impacts of climate change on health.
An Analysis of Yam Storage Strategy to Promote Food Security in Asa Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria
(2012) JA Akangbe; OO Oloruntoba; IF Ayanda; SE Komolafe
This study examines the analysis of yam storage strategy to promote food security in Asa Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria. Data was collected from 110 respondents, using well- structured interviews schedule. The data was analysed using frequency distribution, percentages, means and probit model to test for significance. The study found that barn (47.3%) and indigenous plant materials (27.3%) were the common storage strategy used which are not capable of ensuring good storage for yam produce till off season. Probit model analysis revealed that the selected personal characteristics had significant (p<0.05) influence on farmer’s choice of strategy used. Deterioration of yam that reduces its quality (mean score 2.01) has also been the leading problem faced in marketing yam produce. It was concluded that these are one of the major reasons for food insecurity among farmers in the study area. It was recommended that farmers should be provided with information regarding improved storage strategies as well as exposed to training on their use.
An Assessment of public relations among certified and non-certified cocoa marketers in Ondo State, Nigeria
(Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development, 2021) Shehu Abdulganiyu Salau, Temitope Blessing Agbede
Public relations (PR) are often ignored in agricultural marketing, and organizations with imperfect utilization of PR are usually badly managed, ineffective and generate high labor turnover. Therefore, this study identified the different types of adopted PR strategies, described the structure of the cocoa market, estimated the marketing margin, identified factors affecting PR strategies and outlined the major challenges hindering the use of PR among certified and non-certified cocoa marketers. A combination of purposive and random sampling techniques was used to select 120 respondents for the study. The analytical tools used to achieve the research objectives are descriptive statistics, Likert-scale, Herfindahl Index, marketing efficiency model, marketing margin and multiple regression analysis. The result revealed that the most frequently used PR strategy was phone calls. The Herfindahl Index values of 0.19 and 0.12 suggested that the structure of cocoa markets among certified and non-certified marketers was moderately concentrated and non-concentrated respectively. Moreover, the higher efficiency (122.6%) and marketing margin (18.44%) values for certified cocoa marketers revealed that they are more productive than non-certified marketers. Age, marketing margin, cost of spoilt cocoa beans and household size are important variables explaining the adoption of PR strategies among certified cocoa marketers. On the other hand, marketing margin, cost of spoilt cocoa beans and household size are important variables influencing the adoption of PR strategies among non-certified marketers. The most important factors hindering cocoa marketing are high costs of transportation among certified cocoa marketers, and commission among non-certified cocoa marketers. We recommend the use of mobile phone and training of marketers on the use of PR strategies and modern cocoa processing techniques. The challenges of erratic network performance, high airtime tariff and input subsidies should be addressed by the government to reduce wastage in the industry
An assessment of youth migration and food security among farming households in Kwara state, Nigeria
(Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development, 2020) Shehu Abdulganiyu Salau, Nofiu Babatunde Nofiu, Ibrahim Folorunsho Ayanda
Food insecurity is quickly becoming a key topic in economic growth and development. The Nigerian food inse- curity situation is deteriorating due to the frequent migration of energetic and able-bodied youth from rural to urban areas. Hence, this study examined the food security status before and after youth migration and assessed the impact of youth migration on farming household food security. A two-stage sampling technique was employed to obtain data from 240 re- spondents. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, the food security index and binary logistic regression. The results revealed that most (86.3%) of the respondents were males with an average age of 48.5 years. The reasons behind youth migration are poor roads, the search for white-collar jobs and the laborious nature of farming. Furthermore, the av- erage yield before and after youth migration was 1878.8 kg/ha and 885.9 kg/ha of grain equivalent, respectively. Moreover, 61.7% of households were food-secure while 38.3% were food-insecure before youth migration. Worse still, after youth migration, 70% of the households were food-insecure and 30% were food-secure. The variables determining the food security of a given area were the ratio of rural youth migrants to household size, crop yield difference, level of education, household size, food crop losses, the volumes of cereal, leg- ume, and root and tuber crops consumed and access to remit- tances. Governments at all levels should provide basic infra- structural facilities in rural areas to encourage youth to stay home. Young people should also be made aware of the negative consequences of migration. Policies aimed at household size reduction should be implemented to increase household food security as well.
An assessment of youth migration and food security among farming households in Kwara state, Nigeria
(Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development, 2020) Shehu Abdulganiyu Salau, Nofiu Babatunde Nofiu, Ibrahim Folorunsho Ayanda
Food insecurity is quickly becoming a key topic in economic growth and development. The Nigerian food insecurity situation is deteriorating due to the frequent migration of energetic and able-bodied youth from rural to urban areas. Hence, this study examined the food security status before and after youth migration and assessed the impact of youth migration on farming household food security. A two-stage sampling technique was employed to obtain data from 240 respondents. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, the food security index and binary logistic regression. The results revealed that most (86.3%) of the respondents were males with an average age of 48.5 years. The reasons behind youth migration are poor roads, the search for white-collar jobs and the laborious nature of farming. Furthermore, the average yield before and after youth migration was 1878.8 kg/ha and 885.9 kg/ha of grain equivalent, respectively. Moreover, 61.7% of households were food-secure while 38.3% were food-insecure before youth migration. Worse still, after youth migration, 70% of the households were food-insecure and 30% were food-secure. The variables determining the food security of a given area were the ratio of rural youth migrants to household size, crop yield difference, level of education, household size, food crop losses, the volumes of cereal, legume, and root and tuber crops consumed and access to remittances. Governments at all levels should provide basic infrastructural facilities in rural areas to encourage youth to stay home. Young people should also be made aware of the negative consequences of migration. Policies aimed at household size reduction should be implemented to increase household food security as well.
Analysis of cashew nuts marketing in Kwara State, Nigeria
(FUOYE Journal of Agriculture and Human Ecology, 2018) SA Salau, GO Popoola, BN Nofiu
This study analysed cashew nut marketing in Kwara State, Nigeria. Data were collected from the respondents with the aid of a structured questionnaire. The analytical tools employed were the herfindahl index, descriptive, gross margin and regression analyses. The study revealed that most of the wholesale marketers (81.1%) were male with mean age of 33.5 years. The study revealed a monthly gross margin of N1, 821, 922. The average rate of returns to total investment was 25.5% implying that an average profit of N0.25k could be realized on every naira invested in cashew nuts marketing in the study area. The Herfindah index was 0.007 and this revealed that cashew nut market tended towards pure competition. The coefficient of multiple determinations (R2 ) was 0.506%, implying that about 51% of the total variation in output was explained by the independent variables. Moreover, the purchase cost (X1), transport cost (X3), agent cost (X4) and storage cost (X5) were indicated as the important variables determining the returns of cashew nut marketing. The marketing of cashew nuts is mostly affected by price instability due to the seasonal nature of cashew nut production, poor storage and processing facilities. Consequently, a controllable pricing system for efficient and effective marketing is recommended. Marketers are to ensure good quality nuts as well as observe good hygiene practices in drying, sorting and packaging of cashew nut to enhance their profitability. More researches into the production of high yielding varieties of cashew nuts and policies that lower the costs of marketing should be vigorously pursued.
ANALYSIS OF DISCOUNT PRICING AND MARKETING OF PROCESSED CATFISH IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
(Ife Journal of Agriculture, 2023-05-30) SALAU, S. A.; NOFIU, N. B.; JIMOH, A. A.
In the literature, there are few researches on the effect of discount pricing on the market margin of catfish marketers. Consequently, this study identified the common types of price discounts and discount pricing strategies, described the catfish market’sstructure, estimated marketing margin, determined variables affecting price discounting strategies and identified the constraints hindering price discounting among marketers in the study area. Two hundredand twelve respondents were selected proportionately. To achieve the objectives of this study, the Likert-type scale, Herfindal Index, marketing efficiency as well as marketing margin and multiple regression analysis were used. The Herfindahl index value of 0.006 was obtained, which suggested anextremely aggressive and expanded catfish market. A marketingefficiency value of (140.09%), indicated that catfish marketing was well organised. The marketing margin value of 28.62%, implied that every ₦1 deal evolvesa price spread of about 0.29k in catfish marketing. Hence, catfish marketing is profitable and is therefore worthwhile. The marketing margin, cost of spoilt fish, cost of marketing services, pond size and distance to state capital are the predictors of price discounting among marketers. In addition, the study revealed that the most significant constraint hindering discount pricing strategies in catfish marketing is the cost of production. We,therefore,recommend training marketers on the productive methods of processing and storing catfishin order to reduce lossesand raisemarketing margins. The pooling of resources together is also encouraged to minimise the cost of production. Policies towards increasing pond sizes should be enhanced by the government at all levels.
ANALYSIS OF DISCOUNT PRICING AND MARKETING OF PROCESSED CATFISH IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
(Ife Journal of Agriculture, 2023) SA SALAU, NB NOFIU, AA JIMOH
In the literature, there are few researches on the effect of discount pricing on the market margin of catfish marketers. Consequently, this study identified the common types of price discounts and discount pricing strategies, described the catfish market’sstructure, estimated marketing margin, determined variables affecting price discounting strategies and identified the constraints hindering price discounting among marketers in the study area. Two hundredand twelve respondents were selected proportionately. To achieve the objectives of this study, the Likert-type scale, Herfindal Index, marketing efficiency as well as marketing margin and multiple regression analysis were used. The Herfindahl index value of 0.006 was obtained, which suggested anextremely aggressive and expanded catfish market. A marketingefficiency value of (140.09%), indicated that catfish marketing was well organised. The marketing margin value of 28.62%, implied that every ₦1 deal evolvesa price spread of about 0.29k in catfish marketing. Hence, catfish marketing is profitable and is therefore worthwhile. The marketing margin, cost of spoilt fish, cost of marketing services, pond size and distance to state capital are the predictors of price discounting among marketers. In addition, the study revealed that the most significant constraint hindering discount pricing strategies in catfish marketing is the cost of production. We,therefore,recommend training marketers on the productive methods of processing and storing catfishin order to reduce lossesand raisemarketing margins. The pooling of resources together is also encouraged to minimise the cost of production. Policies towards increasing pond sizes should be enhanced by the government at all levels.
Analysis of Factors influencing Vulnerability of Fishing Systems to Climate Change among Artisanal Fisher-folks in Coastal area of Lagos, Nigeria
(2020) Daudu Abdulrazaq Kamal; Oladipo Felix Olayinka; Olatinwo Latifa Kehinde; Kareem Waheed Oyedola
Climate change poses serious challenges to the sustainability of fisheries and aquaculture systems, with severe implications for the majority people who depend on them largely for their livelihoods. Therefore, this study investigates factors influencing the vulnerability of fishing activities to climate change among artisanal fisher-folks in coastal area of Lagos, Nigeria. A three-stage random sampling technique was used to select 342 artisanal fishers from the study area. Data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaire and subjected to factor analysis and descriptive statistics. The results of data analysis revealed that artisanal fishers are vulnerable to external shocks (climate change) due to their high reliance on fishing activities with occupational pluralism being considered as risk-reduction mechanism. Factor analysis revealed that socioeconomic, occupational activities, social cohesion/organization, and market opportunities and biodiversity conservation policy factors among fishers, with Eigen values of 2.2532, 1.5713, 1.3314, and 1.1024 respectively, accounted for their vulnerability to change in climate. The study recommends proper sensitization and capacity building among the coastal fishers on the threats of climate change to their fishing activities.
Analysis of food security status among garri processors in Oyo State, Nigeria
(Tropical Agriculture, 2022) Shehu Abdulganiyu Salau, Ifeoluwa Temitope Olalere, Dasola Grace Afolabi
Food insecurity is a worldwide issue that affects many countries but has a disproportionate impact on Africa. Numerous studies have been done to know the level of food security in agricultural families. None of these studies, however, has addressed food security concerns among garri processors. Thus, this research quantified food security status, analysed the variables affecting food security, and highlighted survival strategies used by garri processors to mitigate the effects of food insecurity in Oyo state, Nigeria. Multiple sampling techniques were used to generate a sample size of 120 garri processors. The study objectives were accomplished via the use of descriptive statistics, the USDA's technique for quantifying food insecurity, and multinomial regression analysis. The research found that none of the households were food secure, whereas 39.2% were food insecure without hunger (FIWH), 22.5% were food insecure with moderate hunger (FIWHM), and 38.3% were food insecure with severe hunger (FIWHS). It was also found that age, the number of years of experience of garri processors, the size of the family, and garri processing technology are all important predictors of food insecurity. The effective coping methods employed in the research region to combat food insecurity are access to remittances to purchase food, intake of grains only and engaging in off-farm jobs to supplement family income, access to remittance to purchase food and borrowing money to purchase food items. Consequently, we suggest the need for intervention to subsidise modern technologies in garri processing technology since the traditional processing methods are labour intensive and yield little return on investment.
Analysis of International Trade Performance of Nigerian Fisheries
(2019-09-26) Ambali Olatunji Yusuf
ABSTRACT This study analysed the international trade performance of Nigerian fish market with the aim of examining Nigeria’s trend of trade specialization and levels of market share at global fish market. The study utilized secondary data within 1976-2015, emanating from the Food and Agriculture Organisation Statistics (FAOSTAT) and World Bank data. Balassa index, market share index (MSI) and growth models were applied to analyze the data. Results of the study revealed that there was low level of specialization in exportation of Nigerian fisheries and high level of specialisation in importation of foreign fishery resources over the study period. The export market share result indicated that though Nigeria was not competitive at global market, however, price can be an incentive for Nigerian fish export commodities. The import market share indicated possibility of dumping in Nigerian fish importation as the obtained market share indices indicated importation of low value fish commodities. There was acceleration in the growth rate of fish import but deceleration for fish export growth rate. The study suggests allocation of more resources to export section of Nigerian fisheries and introduction of counter dumping policies in import section so as to ensure a balanced trade of Nigerian fisheries. Keywords: International Trade, Performance, Competitiveness, Specialization
ANALYSIS OF MARKET MARGINS AND MARKETING EFFICIENCY IN THE SOYBEAN SUPPLY CHAIN: EVIDENCE FROM BARUTEEN LGA, KWARA STATE
(2024-06) Hussaina Ummikhanni Mahmud, Nofiu Babatunde Nofiu and Aisha Mohammed Lafia
Soyabean is produced mainly in small holder farms in Baruteen LGA of Kwara State, but the soybean marketers in Baruteen are faced with a lot of challenges ranging from high transaction costs, fluctuations in soybeans prices, limited storage capacity, access to credit, down to inadequate distribution networks. This making profit maximization difficult. This study examines the market margin and efficiency of wholesaler soybean supply chain in Baruteen, Nigeria. Data for study were obtained from primary sources with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire. The study used cost-benefit analysis to estimate market margin and marketing efficiency of soybeans. Our results show that an average of 17.5bags were sold by marketers at every market day with average profit margin per marketer of ₦5,188, and a market margin of 33.14%. However, the marketing efficiency of soybean in the area is relatively low, at 15.37%. These findings suggest that while the sales of soybeans are profitable in Baruteen, there are inefficiencies in the marketing channel that need to be addressed in order to improve the performance of the soybean marketers. The study recommends strategies to improve marketing efficiency, such as reducing transaction costs, improving market access, and enhancing the productivity of soybean marketers.
ANALYSIS OF PERCEPTION AND THE LEVEL OF USE OF IMPROVED PROCESSING AND STORAGE FACILITIES AMONG RURAL WOMEN IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA.
(FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, 2023-12) Olooto, F.M., Olatinwo, L. K., Ojo, J. A., Abdulrahman, O. L. and Akintola and B. O.
This research was carried out to assess the perception and the level of use of improved processing and storage facilities among rural women in Kwara State. Specifically, the study described socio-economic characteristics of rural women, assessed the frequency of use and ascertained perception of women on the use of improved processing and storage facilities. A three stage sampling procedure was used to select 160 rural women from who data was collected using structured interview schedule. Data collected were analyzed using frequency counts, percentages, mean and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). Findings revealed that 60.6% were aged above 50years, 79.4% were married, 48.8% had no formal education while 62.5% were non-member of cooperative society. PPMC analysis between socio-economic characteristics and the use of improved processing/storage facilities among rural women indicated that level of formal education (p=0.002, r=0.240) and membership of agricultural society (p=003, r=0.237) showed positive significant relationship while age (p=0.000, r=-0.299) and marital status (p=0.000, r=- 0.308) showed negative significant relationship at p<0.05 level of significance. The study concluded that women in the study area were low users of improved processing and storage facilities despite having favourable perception towards using them. It was therefore recommended that extension service should engage in training women and dissemination of affordable processing and storage technologies to the rural communities.

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