Department of Politics and Governance

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A COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUTONOMY AND DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIAAND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(A PUBLICATION OF DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, ILORIN, NIGERIA, 2019) Asimiyu Olalekan MURANA; Abdul Rauf Ambali
This study is a comparative examination of local government autonomy and democratic governance in Nigeria and the United States of America (USA). The study aims at identifying the convergences and divergences in the system of local government and democratic governance in Nigeria and the USA. Ex-post facto research design was used in the study, and theory of decentrilisation of power was applied as the theoretical framework. This research argues that local government autonomy and democratic governance across the countries of the world depend largely on the nature and character of their politics. It reveals that local governments in the USAare better than local governments in Nigeria in the areas of financial autonomy and democratic governance. Though, in both countries there are no comprehensive financial autonomy since revenue are sourced from the state and central governments,it is admitted that Nigeria could learn from the system of local governments and democratic practices in the USA. The study recommends internally generated revenues as a major source of income for the local governments in both countries. The study also recommends that there is the need for Nigeria's local governments to embrace democratic tenents to promote effective service delivery to the people.
A Primer in Public Policy Analysis Techniques and Methods
(Published by: IIUM Press International Islamic University Malaysia, 2012) Garoot Suleiman Eissa; Abdul Rauf Ambali
A Primer in Public Policy Analysis Techniques and Methods
(©IIUM Press, IIUM, 2012) Garoot Suleiman Eissa; Abdul Raufu Ambali
This is a concise introductory text for undergraduates at the advanced level, produced for the main purpose of presenting a field of knowledge that is judged as difficult and requiring much preparation in economics and quantitative methods in a manner that is simple and conducive to student learning. Textbooks in this field are generally considered difficult by students at this level of instruction. Nonetheless, the present text discusses the most central issues in policy analysis, in simple terms and reviews the basic techniques employed to guide analysis. However, the book may also prove useful in another dimension: the use of local examples and cases in addition to the authors’ own examples which would serve to ease students’ comprehension. Popular texts such as Dunn (1994) or Weimer and Vining (1999) often address American readers and use American examples throughout. Another book on welfare economics is also required at the undergraduate level but one which we usually use in postgraduate classes. The need for a primer on the subject thus appears timely. The first chapter of this book defines, rationalizes and explains public policy as well as the practice of public policy analysis. The second chapter discusses relevant issues as a useful background to policy analysis: the policymaking process and the place of policy analysis in it; policy analysis as welfare economics; policy analysis as rational choice; and finally, policy analysis in political decision making. The authors are of the opinion that policy analysis is a combination of all of these approaches. Chapter three is the first chapter pertaining to the process of analysis; it handles problem analysis, which includes problem identification, problem definition, problem structuring and problem modeling. The fourth chapter seeks to explain the techniques and methods of forecasting, classified under quantitative or qualitative techniques. Forecasting is central to policy analysis because the consequences of policies, aimed at finding solutions to social problems, and since it involves the future, it is important to speculate about the future.
A project of World Bank Global Development Finance for the Control of Poverty in Developing Countries
(American Journal of Humanities and Social Science (AJHSS) Volume 10, 2021, 2021) Mubarak Sulaiman Jamiu
Advancement help can't be apportioned simply on standards of selectivity. Pointers of good monetary advancement are not strong and connection of these markers with destitution mitigation isn't programmed; more accentuation should be given to reallocation arrangements. Shifts in thinking and practice concerning aid have posed serious challenges in monitoring and evaluation (M&E) for both donors and recipients, but progress in reform remains slow. Advancement help as a level of absolute streams is declining and is excessively little and wasteful to give adequate cradles to repeat worldwide emergencies. This article presents a diagnostic checklist that captures issues of M&E policy of World Bank. It applies Poverty and Social Impact Analysis (PSIA) test, randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental designs to a review of the PRSP M&E arrangements of 10 aid dependent countries, which are recipient of World Bank Funds to demonstrate comparative strengths and weaknesses. Keywords: World Bank Funds, Monitoring and Evaluation, PRSP, Quasi-experimental Designs, 10Aid-dependent Countries
A Reflection on the Challenges in Nigerian Agricultural Policies and the Way Forward
(Journal of Administrative Science, 2005) Abdul Rauf Ambali; Asimiyu Olalekan MURANA
his study examines the Nigerian Agricultural Policies before and after independence. The paper employs secondary source of collecting data. The study reveals that despite the soundness of most of the Nigerian Agricultural Policies, there is a real short fall between the expectations and results. It also identified some of the challenges of the reviewed policies which have been hitherto affecting the translation of these ambitious policy documents into realities. Based on the findings of this paper, it was recommended that government should redouble its efforts in implementing various policies and programmes, adopting a consistent policy measures, avoiding unjustifiable policy reversals, partnering with relevant inter-governmental organizations in order to attract the much-needed private sector capital injections into the agricultural sector, as well as increasing the expertise to make the sector become the engine of growth in Nigeria.
A Reflection on the Challenges in Nigerian Agricultural Policies and the Way Forward
(Journal of Administrative Science, 2017) Abdul Rauf Ambali; Asimiyu Olalekan MURANA
This study examines the Nigerian Agricultural Policies before and after independence. The paper employs secondary source of collecting data. The study reveals that despite the soundness of most of the Nigerian Agricultural Policies, there is a real short fall between the expectations and results. It also identified some of the challenges of the reviewed policies which have been hitherto affecting the translation of these ambitious policy documents into realities. Based on the findings of this paper, it was recommended that government should redouble its efforts in implementing various policies and programmes, adopting a consistent policy measures, avoiding unjustifiable policy reversals, partnering with relevant inter-governmental organizations in order to attract the much-needed private sector capital injections into the agricultural sector, as well as increasing the expertise to make the sector become the engine of growth in Nigeria.
Accessing Basic Education: A Study of Selected Public Schools IN Kwara State
(Gombe Journal of Administration and Management (GJAM) 2705-3407, 2019) Moshood Olayinka Salahu; Ambali AbdulRauf
Over the years, the Nigerian government has in various capacities intervened in the provision of basic education across the nation. Given Nigeria’s quest for development and its determination to make education accessible to all school-age children in the country, it has intensified effort in the implementation of the Universal Basic Education Program in terms of funding and provision of policy guidelines. However, despite the robustness of the policy, and the various efforts by governments at different levels in the country to see to the success of the program, its implementation has not been as successful as expected. It is against this background that this paper attempts to examine the access to basic education in Kwara state, using selected public schools in the state. The study engaged the use of primary and secondary data for its analysis. The primary data were elicited through structured questionnaires administered in the selected schools. Data so elicited were analyzed using simple percentage. The study discovers that in Kwara state, in terms of availability, public schools are available within walking distance as stipulated in the basic education policy guidelines, but are not really affordable, despite the fact that they are tuition-free, as most parents still find it difficult to pay the extra charges. The study therefore recommends the introduction of the School Voucher System among others as possible ways out of the conundrum the state has found itself.
Accessing the Impact of E-Learning on Tertiary Education Management Amidst the Global Wave of Covid -19 Pandemic in Nigeria: Issues and Prospects
(Organization and Human Capital Development (ORCADEV), 2022-06-12) Abubakar S. Yushau Alfakoro; Ibrahim O. Salawu
Tertiary education is an important tool for jumpstarting development in almost all nations of the world. It serves as a lever for other sectors of the economy, with far-reaching imperativeness aimed at economic, technological, and governmental growth. The unfortunate outbreak of Coronavirus in 2019 has had devastating effects on every sector of the economy, from which tertiary education is not exempted. E-learning naturally becomes an option in order to grapple with and cope with the changes occasioned by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is an attempt to logically investigate the nature and dynamics of the challenges pursued by the adoption of the e-learning method as an avenue for coping with the enormous challenges associated with the effective delivery of tertiary education in emergencies. This is more expedient because e-learning has become a veritable tool for the global advancement of tertiary education. Mixed date method research was employed in the conduct of this research, and a sum of fourth (40) forms was distributed to the target audience, and the hypothesis was tested using chi-square. The findings of the study reveal that e-learning has aided the continuation of education amidst the SARS-19. The paper recommends that both stakeholders in the private and public education sectors of Nigeria should provide conducive e-learning facilities amidst and beyond covid -19 pandemic in Nigeria.
Afro-centrism: A Stale Recipe In Nigeria's Foreign Policy Relations?
(Lapai Journal of International Politics, 2018-04-05) Ibrahim O. Salawu (PhD); Ibrahim I. Yahaya
Foreign policy of most nations generally takes the form and shape of internal and external dynamics intended to attend to the national interest of a state. It also ensures a robust engagement of the multifarious stakeholders in the international system in a bid to explore and exploit inherent strategic advantages. In the Nigerian context, foreign policy has been guided by the principle of Afro-centrism, which essentially entails engagement of the international system with the prism of promoting the interest of the African continent by concretely assuming important roles within and outside of the continent. It is in this light that it has shown commitment to the processes of decolonization across the continent including Angola and was at the fore of the fight against apartheid in South Africa. The leading role played in the formation of the defunct OAU, and its successor organization, the AU, as well as the promotion of development within the framework of NEPAD epitomize the principles of Afro-centrism. It however remains contentious that Nigeria seems not to be reaping a commensurate measure of reciprocity from most African countries and the international community on the basis of these. It is against this background that this paper argues for a review of the “Afro-centric” principle in the emergent international system. It argues further that; a rigid adherence to Afro-centrism since Nigeria's independence seems not to be yielding to the vagaries of contemporary international system. The main objective of this study is to attempt a critique of the Afro-centric nature of the Nigerian foreign policy since independence till date. To these effects, data is sourced from secondary sources and researcher reflexivity was adopted for analyses. The study reveals that; despite abundance of human and material resources that have been committed to pursuing and promoting this policy by successive administrations, benefits accruing to the country have been meager when compared to the alternatives foregone in the domestic affairs of the country. The paper concludes that; notwithstanding Nigeria's natural potentials to pursuing a profitable African policy, concrete strategic
An Assessment of Power Relations Between State and Local Governments in Kwara State: The Prospect and Way Forward
(Lapai Journal of International Politics, 2018-04-23) Abdullahi Alabi
The expectation of the people from any level of government is to receive service delivery but this is not realized as expected due the distance government at the center cum the state brought about the establishment of the local governments and to ensure quality service delivery at the local government in Nigeria, there is need for inter-tier relations between the state and the local governments. However, the local government failed in the area of the quality healthcare service delivery which is the main focus of the work over the years. Consequently, the study examined the impact of power relations between the state and local government as regard to the policy issue of joint account and project on healthcare service delivery in the three selected local governments of Kwara State. The methodology adopted was both qualitative and quantitative methods. The study found out that the power relations between the state and local governments on the issue of joint account and project majorly the provision of healthcare facilities like buildings, drugs and laboratory equipment were responsible for the inability of the local government to perform to the expectation of the people in the state. The study however suggests that there is need to amend the constitution of the federal republic in order to promote first-line-charge of statutory allocation directly to the account of the local governments.
An Examination of Part One of the Fifth Schedule of the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria in Relation to Service Ethics
(International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI), 2018) Aladetohun Bunmi; AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele
The objective of this paper is to highlight the imperative of ethics and sound ethical conduct as a basis for effective service delivery in the Nigerian public sector. Much has been demonstrated in this paper with heavy reliance on the utilitarian theory, secondary sources of data backed by the analytical method. The paper concluded that the march towards an ethical-based public service must continue and be regarded as a series of “works in progress”. The paper recommended among others that there is an urgent and continuous need to remold the thought and conduct of civil/public servants and officials of government through the development of ethics and value reorientation that is anchored on accountability and transparency in public service. It further recommended a strong commitment to implementation of laws, enforcement of sanctions and strengthening of institutions of governance on a continuous basis.
An Impact Assessment of Insecurity on Nigeria’s Socio-political Development
(Jigawa Journal of Politics (JJP), 2024-11-05) Ibrahim O. Salawu; Lambe Emmanuel Oyewole
The seemingly unabating wave of security challenges in Nigeria has taken its toll on the nation’s socio political and economic trajectory. The state was ordinarily created to ensure law and orderliness has been handicapped in the face of the waves of insecurity. The emergent scenario presents a contagious spread across the country. This paper assessed the impact of the increasing nature and patterns of insecurity in Nigeria by examining the trend of the spread and mutation of insecurity across the country. Therefore, the qualitative research method and the state fragility theory were employed to show the relationship between the nature of the state and the waves of insecurity. The paper identified lack of human capital development, economic downturn, fragile security architecture, growing political imbalance amongst the ethnic groups are some of the causes of the rising waves of insecurity. The paper concluded that the waves of insecurity is further exacerbated by unpatriotic elements seeking to criminalize and use insecurity as a medium for either gaining attention, profiteering or destruction. The paper therefore recommends that the growing uneven development and marginalization of some ethnic group must be tackled by the proper application of the federal character principles.
Application of Quantitative Forecasting Models in a Manufacturing Industry
(European Journal of Business and Management, 2017-07-23) Akeem Olanrewaju Salami Kyrian Kelechi Okpara Rahman Oladimeji Mustapha
Time series forecasting analysis has become a major tool in different applications for the Manufacturing Company. Among the most effective approaches for analyzing time series data is ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average). In this study we used Box-Jenkins methodology to build ARIMA model for annual sales forecast for 7up Bottling Company Plc for the period from January 2010 to December 2015, given the available monthly sales data. After the model specification; the best model for production was ARIMA (1, 1, 1) and for utilization was ARIMA (0, 1, 1). A 12 months forecast have also been made to determine the expected amount of sales revenue in year 2016. The time plot reveals seasonal variation. It thus concludes that that there is increase in sales revenue of Company with time, hence these models can be adopted for sales, production, utilization and demand forecasting in Nigeria
APPRAISAL OF NIGERIAN FOREIGN POLICY UNDER PRESIDENT MUHAMMADU BUHARI (2015 - 2020)
(LAPAI INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, 2020) Rasheed Ambal; Amin Amin; Ambali Abdulrauf
Over the years Nigeria external relations and foreign policy has been faced by many problems. In spite of the enormous resources and potentials which the country has been blessed with, Nigeria has not on a sustainable basis been able to formulate effective foreign policy expected from a country with its endowments. This paper examines in specific term major challenges facing Nigeria’s external relations under president Muhammadu Buhari. The aim is to identify the problems and prospects ahead for the country. The study adopted qualitative methodology that uses consultation with literature as a means of data gathering. It was revealed that more than external factor, it is the internal variables that are dampening Nigeria’s attainment of positive international image. For example, the founding fathers and pioneers of the ministry of external affairs, now foreign affairs, worked faithfully and relentlessly in offering honest advice to the successive Head of State/President, based on their professional training to make Nigeria proud in the committee of nations. Unfortunately, it would appear nowadays that the leadership of the ministry succumbs to the whims and caprices of functionaries in the presidency who pretend to know more than the professionals. The paper therefore submitted that for the country to occupy its rightful position in the comity of other nations there is need for a more assertive foreign policy that promotes the National Interest and reverses negative international perceptions on Nigeria.
ASSESSMENT OF AMNESTY POLICY IN NIGERIA UNDER PRESIDENT UMAR MUSA YARADUA'S ADMINISTRATION
(2017-04-18) Alabi Abdullahi
An amnesty deal in Niger Delta offered during Yar'adua administration was aimed at reducing the state of lingering unrest in the oil rich region. The region is indeed the cash cow of the nation where the chunk of revenue is realized. The incessant neglect over the years of the oil rich communities by the federal government has spurred agitation for resource control. The study assesses the effectiveness of the policy in relation to the policy thrust. It adopts secondary source of data through the use of textbooks, journals, internet among others. The paper infers that, the policy had failed to achieve it objectives since the restiveness among Niger Delta Youths remain unabated. The study concludes that the government must be proactive and strengthen the enforcement institutions to be able to live up to expectation.
Assessment of Effectiveness of Social Assistance Programs on Market Participation in Kwara State, Nigeria
(Afropolitan Journals, 2023-06-30) S. B. Isiaka1 , Dr. Abu Zekeri2 , Dr. Rahman Mustapha2 and Monsur Jimoh2
This paper examines the impact of social assistance programs on market participation in Kwara State, Nigeria. It examines the various social assistance initiatives implemented in the region and analyzes their effectiveness in promoting economic activities through market engagement. The study employed quantitative research methods, and primary data were obtained by means of a well-structured questionnaire. Analytical Techniques Descriptive statistics was used to describe the socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents. In analyzing the determinants of variables in the study area, regression analysis was adopted. The target population includes beneficiaries of social assistance programmes in Kwara State who were captured in the National Social Register for the poor and vulnerable. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed, and 110 beneficiaries were identified through the sampling. The findings revealed that social assistance programs play a vital role in enhancing market participation and fostering economic development in Kwara State. The study recommended that social assistance programmes be designed to address the specific needs and challenges faced by individuals and communities in Kwara State.
Assessment of factors affecting the Performance of Civil Servants in Kwara State, Nigeria
(University of Maiduguri, 2014-03-17) Ameen Abdulateef; Ifatimehin Olayemi Olufemi; Alabi Abdullahi
Performance
ASSESSMENT OF THE CORE STRATEGIES IN ACHIEVING RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
(Review of Public Administration and Management (ROPAM), 2022-06) Mohammed, Idris Danjuma; Moshood Olayinka Salahu; Garuba, Rasheed Obasekore
Rural development policy has been regarded as an aspect of government action that influences economic and social development in rural areas. It is a policy that affects the changes with unambiguously defined rural development goals. In Nigeria, governments at all levels considered rural development as a fundamental policy of bringing developmental projects to the rural areas in line with the yearnings and aspirations of the rural dwellers. In Kwara State specifically, successive governments made efforts to implement many projects through the Ilorin Agriculture Development Project (IADP) and Kwara State Agricultural Development Project (Kwara ADP) as part of the core strategies for achieving rural development policy in the state. However, the implementation of the core strategies was confronted with some constraints. It is in the light of this background that this paper seeks to broaden our knowledge through the evaluation of the core strategies of achieving rural development policy in Kwara State. Guided by a basic needs approach, qualitative data were purposely generated from the three (3) selected rural communities in the state. The research instruments consisted of Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) conducted. The data gathered from the interview was analyzed in line with the objectives of the paper. The paper recommends participatory planning involving all stakeholders in the implementation of the core strategies for achieving rural development policy in Kwara State.
ASSESSMENT OF THE CORE STRATEGIES IN ACHIEVING RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
(Review of Public Administration and Management (ROPAM), 2022-06-19) Idris Danjuma Mohammed; Moshood Olayinka Salahu; Rasheed Obasekore Garuba
Abstract Rural development policy has been regarded as an aspect of government action that influences economic and social development in rural areas. It is a policy that affects the changes with unambiguously defined rural development goals. In Nigeria, governments at all levels considered rural development as a fundamental policy of bringing developmental projects to the rural areas in line with the yearnings and aspirations of the rural dwellers. In Kwara State specifically, successive governments made efforts to implement many projects through the Ilorin Agriculture Development Project (IADP) and Kwara State Agricultural Development Project (Kwara ADP) as part of the core strategies for achieving rural development policy in the state. However, the implementation of the core strategies was confronted with some constraints. It is in the light of this background that this paper seeks to broaden our knowledge through the evaluation of the core strategies of achieving rural development policy in Kwara State. Guided by a basic needs approach, qualitative data were purposely generated from the three (3) selected rural communities in the state. The research instruments consisted of Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) conducted. The data gathered from the interview was analyzed in line with the objectives of the paper. The paper recommends participatory planning involving all stakeholders in the implementation of the core strategies for achieving rural development policy in Kwara State.
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL CRIMES COMMISSION (EFCC) UNDER PRESIDENT MUHAMMADU BUHARI’S ADMINISTRATION IN NIGERIA FROM 2015 TO 2017
(Lapai international journal of Admintration, 2019) Biliamin Yusuf Adebayo; Shittu Raji; Abdul Rauf Ambali; Amin Amin; Rasheed Ambali; Ayishat Aromoke Geeto; Muinat Adetayo Adekeye; Bunmi Aladetohun
One of the major challenges of governance in Nigeria is corruption especially in the public realm. In response to this challenge, the Federal Government established the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) to combat corruption and promote transparency and accountability in governance. In spite of the establishment of EFCC, the fight against corruption seems not to have achieved the desired result in view of the rising incidence of corruption as indicated by Transparency International’s negative Corruption Perception Index on Nigeria. The major objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of EFCC under the Muhammadu Buhari Administration in Nigeria from 2015 till date. Specifically, the study intended to; examine the impact of Buhari’s anti corruption crusade on socio -economic and political development, determine the degree of autonomy of the EFCC and to ascertain the level of effectiveness of the EFCC. Both primary and secondary data were sourced using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 20). Findings from the study which relied on both primary and secondary data revealed that the activities of the EFCC were severely constrained by undue political interference. The institution was not adequately funded with feeble financial autonomy. The corruption reporting system in the federal public service was found to be more effective under Buhari Administration. The study concluded that the degree of autonomy of the EFCC under the administration is weak while its level of activities is more noticeable in the public glare in the Buhari regime than other regimes because the regime identified the fight against corruption as a key governance agenda. The study recommended among others, the exercise of greater political will to free the EFCC from political interference with adequate funding and greater financial autonomy for the institution.

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