Department of Politics and Governance

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THE ROLE OF RACIAL HARMONY IN NATION BUILDING
(2004) Abdul Rauf Ambali
A Reflection on the Challenges in Nigerian Agricultural Policies and the Way Forward
(Journal of Administrative Science, 2005) Abdul Rauf Ambali; Asimiyu Olalekan MURANA
his study examines the Nigerian Agricultural Policies before and after independence. The paper employs secondary source of collecting data. The study reveals that despite the soundness of most of the Nigerian Agricultural Policies, there is a real short fall between the expectations and results. It also identified some of the challenges of the reviewed policies which have been hitherto affecting the translation of these ambitious policy documents into realities. Based on the findings of this paper, it was recommended that government should redouble its efforts in implementing various policies and programmes, adopting a consistent policy measures, avoiding unjustifiable policy reversals, partnering with relevant inter-governmental organizations in order to attract the much-needed private sector capital injections into the agricultural sector, as well as increasing the expertise to make the sector become the engine of growth in Nigeria.
The Impact of Economic Development on Water Pollution: Trends and Policy Actions in Malaysia
(Springer Science + Business Media, B.V. 2007, 2006-08-09) Suleyman A. Muyibi; Abdul Rauf Ambali
The paper examines the impact of development activities on water pollution in Malaysia. Hence, the main objective of this paper is not just to examine the trends of development-induced water pollution around the region of the country but to know where the problems are and the policy measures taken by the government. It evaluates the probable causative relationship between problems introduced due to technology employed in water pollution control and governmental policy measures. It examines the relationship between development indicators as sources of pollution and polluted rivers over a period of 12 years. The findings of the paper have shown that despite the policy enforcement actions against the identified sources of water pollution, all the three development indicators (chosen based on those identified sources) still accounted for high percentage of river pollution in Malaysia. The findings of the paper were used to identify the central fact of the location of the problem. Some crucial conclusions of where the problems likely to be, as reflected in the findings, are: (a) the issue of interactive-effects between pollutants that many policy-makers are not aware of. This is when policy measures concentrate only on one source of water pollution; (b) the enforcement strength and/or effectiveness of policy measures themselves; (c) financial constraints to invest in appropriate technology especially sewerage systems for controlling human source of water pollution in the country; as well as those confronting small polluting industries (d) finally, lack of cooperation between government and private business firms to comply with regulatory policies for water pollution control.
Development-Induced Water Pollution in Malaysia: Policy Planning, Instruments for Protection and Emerging Issues
(European Journal of Social Sciences, 2007-04-07) Professor. Abdul Rauf Ambali
Development program is primarily the target of any government to uplift the standard of life of its people. However, in the course of these developmental programs, the basic unit of life upon which the people depends, especially water resources, becomes the price for the costs of such development activities. Hence, this is considered as trade-off between development program, which is compulsory, and degradation of environmental resources at large. The paper, therefore, examined the strategic policy planning and instruments used by the government to balance between these environmental resources and development, with special reference to water. In the course of this investigation, various environmental integration policies with development plans were examined. In addition, the strategic instruments such as polluter-pay principle, contravention licence, effluent standards and the issues associated with each of them, which are likely to affect the policy implementation procedures and/or jeopardize the objectives of the policy programs for pollution abatement were examined.
INDEPENDENT NATIONAL ELECTORAL COMMISSION (INEC) AND THE CONDUCT OF 2011 ELECTION IN NIGERIA: A PARADIGM SHIFT
(International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 2011-06-05) Alabi Abdulahi & Sakariyau Rauf T
It is an established fact that Nigerian’s electoral process has always been marred with irregularities; the 2011 election is a paradigm shift in the history of electioneering in the country. Though some challenges were encountered in the conduct of the elections, INEC was given a pass mark by both local and international observers and thus made the general election a watershed. This makes it imperative in this paper to examine the conduct of the 2011 general elections in Nigeria. The paper infers that if the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) can be built out of political influence and move away from status quo where a political party dominates the constitution of drivers of INEC there is every tendency that there will be a better conduct of election in the future. The paper taps various means of getting relevant materials to put this study together for onward academic utilization and to reshape the conduct of Nigeria’s forthcoming general elections. KEY WORDS: Election, Paradigm, Democracy, Sustainability.
A Primer in Public Policy Analysis Techniques and Methods
(Published by: IIUM Press International Islamic University Malaysia, 2012) Garoot Suleiman Eissa; Abdul Rauf Ambali
A Primer in Public Policy Analysis Techniques and Methods
(©IIUM Press, IIUM, 2012) Garoot Suleiman Eissa; Abdul Raufu Ambali
This is a concise introductory text for undergraduates at the advanced level, produced for the main purpose of presenting a field of knowledge that is judged as difficult and requiring much preparation in economics and quantitative methods in a manner that is simple and conducive to student learning. Textbooks in this field are generally considered difficult by students at this level of instruction. Nonetheless, the present text discusses the most central issues in policy analysis, in simple terms and reviews the basic techniques employed to guide analysis. However, the book may also prove useful in another dimension: the use of local examples and cases in addition to the authors’ own examples which would serve to ease students’ comprehension. Popular texts such as Dunn (1994) or Weimer and Vining (1999) often address American readers and use American examples throughout. Another book on welfare economics is also required at the undergraduate level but one which we usually use in postgraduate classes. The need for a primer on the subject thus appears timely. The first chapter of this book defines, rationalizes and explains public policy as well as the practice of public policy analysis. The second chapter discusses relevant issues as a useful background to policy analysis: the policymaking process and the place of policy analysis in it; policy analysis as welfare economics; policy analysis as rational choice; and finally, policy analysis in political decision making. The authors are of the opinion that policy analysis is a combination of all of these approaches. Chapter three is the first chapter pertaining to the process of analysis; it handles problem analysis, which includes problem identification, problem definition, problem structuring and problem modeling. The fourth chapter seeks to explain the techniques and methods of forecasting, classified under quantitative or qualitative techniques. Forecasting is central to policy analysis because the consequences of policies, aimed at finding solutions to social problems, and since it involves the future, it is important to speculate about the future.
Environmental Policy In Malaysia: Biomedical Waste, Strategies And Issues
(Journal of Administrative Science, 2013) Abdul Rauf Ambali; Ahmad Naqiyuddin Bakar; Ahmad Naqiyuddin Bakar
Management of waste is a general acute problem around the globe. Waste management is of great concern as urbanization and economic development increase leading to generation of larger quantity of waste materials. The management of waste materials requires immediate attention of the newly emerging economy country such as Malaysia. To be more specific, biomedical wastes are becoming a topic of one cannot deny the important roles play by biomedical science and its activities on human life and fitness. However, these activities can generate some wastes that pose severe effects on human health and environment at large, especially if there is no proper management policy in place. Although some may argue that waste is generally unavoidable by-product of most human activities but the provision of expanded healthcare facilities today have added substantial quantities of biomedical waste into waste stream with severe environmental and human health consequences. This paper examines the level of biomedical waste in Malaysia. It also addresses the impacts of these biomedical wastes and the strategic measures taken by Malaysian government. Finally, it identifies some potential issues associated with policy measures and put forward some policy recommendations for precautionary measures in the future.
Environmental Policy In Malaysia: Biomedical Waste, Strategies And Issues
(Journal of Administrative Science, 2013) Abdul Rauf Ambali; Ahmad Naqiyuddin Bakar; Farah Murni Merican
Management of waste is a general acute problem around the globe. Waste management is of great concern as urbanization and economic development increase leading to generation of larger quantity of waste materials. The management of waste materials requires immediate attention of the newly emerging economy country such as Malaysia. To be more specific, biomedical wastes are becoming a topic of one cannot deny the important roles play by biomedical science and its activities on human life and fitness. However, these activities can generate some wastes that pose severe effects on human health and environment at large, especially if there is no proper management policy in place. Although some may argue that waste is generally unavoidable by-product of most human activities but the provision of expanded healthcare facilities today have added substantial quantities of biomedical waste into waste stream with severe environmental and human health consequences. This paper examines the level of biomedical waste in Malaysia. It also addresses the impacts of these biomedical wastes and the strategic measures taken by Malaysian government. Finally, it identifies some potential issues associated with policy measures and put forward some policy recommendations for precautionary measures in the future.
INDEPENDENT NATIONAL ELECTORAL COMMISSION (INEC) AND THE CONDUCT OF 2011 ELECTION IN NIGERIA: A PARADIGM SHIFT
(International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 2013-01-30) Alabi Abdulahi; Sakariyau Rauf T
It is an established fact that Nigerian’s electoral process has always been marred with irregularities; the 2011 election is a paradigm shift in the history of electioneering in the country. Though some challenges were encountered in the conduct of the elections, INEC was given a pass mark by both local and international observers and thus made the general election a watershed. This makes it imperative in this paper to examine the conduct of the 2011 general elections in Nigeria. The paper infers that if the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) can be built out of political influence and move away from status quo where a political party dominates the constitution of drivers of INEC there is every tendency that there will be a better conduct of election in the future. The paper taps various means of getting relevant materials to put this study together for onward academic utilization and to reshape the conduct of Nigeria’s forthcoming general elections.
DEMOCRACY AND POLITICS OF GODFATHERISM IN NIGERIA: THE EFFECTS AND WAY FORWARD
(International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 2013-05-10) Alabi Abdullahi & Sakariyau, Rauf Tunde
Political godfatherism is one of the factors that embedded democratic setting in Nigeria since first republic. In view of this, this research work is primarily designed to examine democracy and politics of godfatherism in Nigeria with emphasis on its effects and way forward. The study adopts primary and secondary data to analyze some critical issues, like political violence, vote buying, disenfranchisement and some other political and socio-cultural factors that embedded democratic setting in Nigeria since 1999 till current political dispensation engaged by godfathers and godsons. The study further explores the relationship between godfathers and godsons with a particular attention to who become the next strongmen in the area of politics and who retains the status quo. This study examines some key concepts, such as democracy, political violence and political godfatherism. Finally, the study concludes with recommendations in order to ensure good governance and political stability in Nigeria.
e-Participation Among Members of Parliament in Malaysia: Evaluation of Individual Factors
(Technology Acceptance Model. Information Systems Research, 2013-06-12) Norsyahida Zaharudin; Ahmad Naqiyuddin Bakar; Abdul Raufu Ambali; Rugayah Hashim
—The purpose of this paper is to provide insights and empirical evidence on internet usage among the Members of Parliament (MP) in Malaysia. In tandem with the globalization, information and communication technology (ICT) usage has become ubiquitous. As such, politicians and MPs should fully utilize the internet-based tools to reach out to their constituent members. The Parliament of Malaysia, in responding to this phenomenon has provided the infrastructure for more e involvement and e-engagement with their peers and the constituent that they represent. Regardless of race and gender, many MPs especially young politicians are into ICT usage and have taken the initiative on e-participation into their own hands and pace. Therefore, the objective of the study is to examine the relationship between individual factors (perceived usefulness; perceived ease-of-use and perceived self-efficacy) and the MPs e engagement. Through cross-sectional design, the sample size was 222 MPs from the House of Representative in Malaysia. Data collections were done through interviews, surveys and the evaluation of the MPs personal web site.
DEMOCRACY AND POLITICS OF GODFATHERISM IN NIGERIA: THE EFFECTS AND WAY FORWARD
(International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 2013-12-24) Alabi Abdullahi; Sakariyau, Rauf Tunde
Political godfatherism is one of the factors that embedded democratic setting in Nigeria since first republic. In view of this, this research work is primarily designed to examine democracy and politics of godfatherism in Nigeria with emphasis on its effects and way forward. The study adopts primary and secondary data to analyze some critical issues, like political violence, vote buying, disenfranchisement and some other political and socio-cultural factors that embedded democratic setting in Nigeria since 1999 till current political dispensation engaged by godfathers and godsons. The study further explores the relationship between godfathers and godsons with a particular attention to who become the next strongmen in the area of politics and who retains the status quo. This study examines some key concepts, such as democracy, political violence and political godfatherism. Finally, the study concludes with recommendations in order to ensure good governance and political stability in Nigeria.
Assessment of factors affecting the Performance of Civil Servants in Kwara State, Nigeria
(University of Maiduguri, 2014-03-17) Ameen Abdulateef; Ifatimehin Olayemi Olufemi; Alabi Abdullahi
Performance
Engaging New Media Effects for Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria: Issues, Prospects and Challenges
(Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on International Studies (ICIS) 2014, 2014-05-25) Ibrahim O.Salawu86
The problem of complexity in Nigerian politics and the weakness of social cohesion constitute a great clog to Nigeria’s socio political and economic development. The emergence of new media such as internet, Facebook and YouTube with their quantum leap in information flow has impacted greatly on the political landscape bridging the hitherto wide information gap between government and the governed in Nigeria. This paper examines the theoretical basis for new media, using a descriptive analytical method, and tries to rationalize the link between new media and the quest for democratic consolidation. The paper will also examine the inherent challenges using Nigeria’s experience and will critically examine the dominant arguments amongst new media analysts of its sufficiency in entrenching democracy. It suggests a multi pronged approach to tackling the pervasive nature of poverty the unbridled level of corruption in governance and the challenge of terrorism in the country. These will engender an atmosphere for a robust engagement between government, business sector and civil society entities leading to produce new media effects for democratic consolidation in Nigeria.
Leadership as a Prerequisite for Productivity in the Nigerian Public Enterprises
(Publication of International journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Reviews, 2014-06-23) 38. Ugochukwu, R. U and Mustapha, R. O.
Writings and Researches in the recent past have scored Nigerian public Enterprises’ Productivity low. This paper’s attempt to unmask the root cause of the unfortunate status revealed that Leadership style collaborated amongst others, with corruptions; Defective Recruitment and Selection processes together with poor attitude of Nigerian workers and Frustrating bureaucratic bottlenecks to contribute in no small measures to the status. However, the productivity could be enhanced if Regular Performance Appraisal, Motivation and appropriate placement of personnel/discipline could be enforced.
Minimum Wage Increases And Civil Servants' Welfare In Nigeria’s Fourth Republic: An Examination Of Lagos And Osun States Civil Service
(International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM), 2014-11-17) Kareem Babatunde Musibau; Abdul Rasheed Hamza Bamidele
This study examines the impact of minimum wage increases on civil servants' welfare within the context of Nigeria’s Fourth Republic, focusing on Lagos and Osun States. The study employs both quantitative and qualitative methodologies, the research analyses survey data from civil servants to assess the effectiveness of minimum wage policies in addressing welfare issues. A total number of 400 questionnaires were distributed while 347 were validly returned. Findings reveal that while minimum wage increments are intended to enhance workers' living standards, challenges such as budget limitations, inflation, and administrative capacity significantly hinder their effective implementation. In Osun State, economic constraints, including delayed salary payments, were identified as key barriers. Similarly, in Lagos, where internally generated revenue is comparatively higher, responses indicate that while wage implementation is smoother, rising living costs erode purchasing power gains. The study also highlights how limited administrative capacity and inadequate resource allocation exacerbate these challenges, undermining civil servants' access to essential needs like housing, healthcare, and education. The paper concluded that the minimum wage policy in Nigeria faces barriers like inflation, budget limits, and administrative issues, underscoring the need for reforms and adjustments. It was recommended that the government should conduct a regular assessment of the economic and social impact of minimum wage adjustments following each five-year review. Data-driven insights into the effectiveness of wage policies that would guide future adjustments.
Comparative Study of 2011 and 2015 Presidential Elections in Nigeria
(IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), 2015-12) Araba, Akeem Ayanda and Odunayo Joseph Braimah
Presidential, Election, Political Parties, Parliament
EXPLORING THE ROLE OF NEW MEDIA IN DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION: PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES
(Social Sciences Research Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka Nigeria, 2016-01-15) Ibrahim O. Salawu
The complexity of Nigerian politics and its attendant weakness in social cohesion constitute a great clog to Nigeria’s socio political and economic development. The emergence of new media as hoisted on the internet and its ancillaries like Facebook, YouTube, Twitter etc with their quantum leap in information flow, has impacted greatly on the political landscape. This is bridging the hitherto wide information gap between government and the governed in Nigeria. This paper examines the theoretical basis for new media, using a reflective analytical method; it rationalizes the link between new media and the quest for democratic consolidation in terms of its growing utility for civic engagement in Nigeria’s fourth republic. The paper also examines the inherent challenges drawing from Nigeria’s experience. This is in addition to a critical foray into the dominant arguments amongst the major divides of the adherents of new media about its efficacy in ingraining democracy. It suggests a multi pronged approach for using new media to tackle the pervasive nature of poverty, the unbridled level of corruption in governance and the challenge of terrorism in the country. With these it is hoped that an atmosphere for a robust engagement between government, business sector and civil society entities can be engendered. This is with the ultimate aim of asserting its reverence as an indispensable effect for democratic consolidation globally and Nigeria in particular.
Sustainable Democracy and Political Domination: A Rotational Presidency among Nigerian Ethnic Groups
(2016-04-02) Abdul Rauf Ambali; Ahmed Letswa Mohammed
This work discusses rotational presidency and its challenges to sustainable democracy in Nigeria. It focuses on its workability in a highly ethnically pluralised and heterogeneous society like Nigeria that is characterised by competition for national resources either in terms of technocratic or political offices. It contends that the cliché is born out of elite struggle for share of national cake via capturing power at the centre where primitive accumulation takes place. Rotational presidency hence lacks democratic correlates. It argues that Nigeria Federal system allows for too much concentration of power and resources at the centre thereby making political competition intense at that level. Methodologically, the paper is based on review of published work, unpublished literature, comments of national commentators as well as observation as students of Nigeria government and politics. The work concludes with a strong recommendation that Nigerians need to jettison a federal arrangement that concentrate power and resources at the centre – the system that allows for hot contestation of presidency among various national ethnic elites to a more workable federal system that would decongest the centre for power tussle and or a different approach based on a different philosophy that will guarantee groups’ rights by recognising the heterogeneity of the country’s polity

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