Browsing by Author "AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele"
Now showing 1 - 18 of 18
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- ItemAn Examination of Part One of the Fifth Schedule of the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria in Relation to Service Ethics(International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI), 2018) Aladetohun Bunmi; AbdulRasheed Hamza BamideleThe objective of this paper is to highlight the imperative of ethics and sound ethical conduct as a basis for effective service delivery in the Nigerian public sector. Much has been demonstrated in this paper with heavy reliance on the utilitarian theory, secondary sources of data backed by the analytical method. The paper concluded that the march towards an ethical-based public service must continue and be regarded as a series of “works in progress”. The paper recommended among others that there is an urgent and continuous need to remold the thought and conduct of civil/public servants and officials of government through the development of ethics and value reorientation that is anchored on accountability and transparency in public service. It further recommended a strong commitment to implementation of laws, enforcement of sanctions and strengthening of institutions of governance on a continuous basis.
- ItemAWARENESS AND PERCEPTION OF THE HEALTHCARE CONSUMERS TOWARDS COMMUNITY-BASED HEALTH INSURANCE POLICY: INSIGHT FROM ALIMOSHO LOCAL GOVERNMENT, LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA(International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 2018) AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; Aladetohun, BunmiThis paper assessed the healthcare service delivery of Nigeria's Community-Based Health Insurance Scheme (CBHIS) in Alimosho Local Government, Lagos State. The scheme which took off in 2008 was established to reduce the government’s healthcare financing burden and create access to affordable and efficient healthcare service delivery for all Nigerians. Despite these laudable aims, evidence on the ground seems to suggest that a number of problems still militate against the realization of the goals of the scheme and these problems include the poor level of awareness, poor healthcare facilities, and poor accessibility to healthcare service. The paper investigated the awareness and perception of the Community-Based Health Insurance Policy on healthcare service delivery in Alimosho Local Government of Lagos State, Nigeria. And appraise healthcare consumers’ perceptions. A structured questionnaire with a Cronbach alpha coefficient of .809 (awareness), and .898 (perception), .755 respectively which represent over 80% of reliability was administered on 334 out of 379 enrollees in the area. Study hypotheses were tested with the one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the one-sample Kolmogorov- Smirnov tests (K-S). The results showed no significant awareness of CBHIS operations and objectives amongst enrollees in Alimosho Local Government, It also indicated that there is a negative perception of the enrollees on CBHIS healthcare service delivery efficiency. The study recommended regular healthcare seminars, workshops and conferences, and proactive inspection of accredited HCPs.
- ItemChallenges of Balancing State Security with Human Rights in Nigeria(Lafia Journal of Economics and Management Sciences, 2023) Safiyat Saheed Bello; AbdulRasheed Hamza BamideleThis paper focused on the challenges of balancing state security with human rights in Nigeria. Thus, As a relevant and educative study with reliance on secondary data, the study adopts a liberal approach as the theatrical framework which highlights the core impact of the interplay between human rights and State Security in Nigeria. This paper adopts the qualitative research design (Content Analysis). The study's goals include determining how state security and human rights in Nigeria relate to one another. To examine some of the difficult factors preventing their peaceful coexistence and, ultimately, to pinpoint the potential risk of losing one at the expense of the other, it furthers its investigation by posing the quests: Should the government disregard human rights in the face of mantling security? This paper in its findings found the following as contributing factors militating against the collaborative relationship between State Security and human rights among which includes; poverty and global inequality; discrimination; Armed conflict and violence; democracy deficit all these are peculiar to human rights. However, the research recommends for active human rights and State Security measures be put in place by the government without necessarily setting aside human rights in the face of mountling human security. All moral values should be at the centre of all individuals as peace can only be attained if the culture of 'value' is possessed among the leader and the lead. Therefore, the government must acknowledge the significance of issues like democratic legitimacy, human rights and security sector reform.
- ItemChallenges of Implementing the Federal Character Principles for National Unity in Nigeria(Academic Journal of Business of Social Sciences (AJoBSS), Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Melaka, Malaysia., 2020) AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; Raji Shittu; Amin AminThe federal character principle was adopted in Nigeria to promote unity in diversity and ensure equitable development in all the geo-political zones of the country within the range of socio-political and economic equity. However, the implementation of the federal character policies, especially at the federal level of governance has been criticized for favoring the Northern part of Nigeria against the other parts of the country. The objective of this paper was to examine the implications of the federal character principle for socio-economy equity and political stability in Nigeria. Findings from the study, which relied on secondary sources as its method of inquiry, were that the federal character principle was designed to create fairness, justice, and equity among different geo-political zones in Nigeria and reduce the fear of sectional domination. The policy has enthroned some measure of fairness, justice, and equity in public policies in Nigeria, including those related to employment opportunities, promotion in public service, geographical representation, and quota admission policies in federal educational higher institutions. However, the federal character policy is still bedeviled by nepotism and sectional interest in Nigeria.
- ItemChallenges of National Minimum Wage Implementation in Nigeria: The Kwara State Civil Service Experience(Journal of Administrative Science, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Malaysia, 2023) AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; Adedibu Abayomi Adegoroye; Salahu Moshood OlayinkaNational minimum wage implementation across the Nigerian civil service has always been problematic and filled with different challenges resulting in industrial conflict. The research work explored the main thrusts of challenges of national minimum wage implementation in Kwara State Civil Service. The research used mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) and data were generated both from primary and secondary sources. While the population of civil servants in the MDAs in Kwara state was 40347and the sample size for the study was 400 using Taro Yamane formulae, and a simple percentage was utilised for the quantitative data analysis. Findings revealed that insufficient funds and among others were never a constraint to the implementation of the national minimum wage as claimed by the state government. Aside from federal government allocation to the state, the Kwara state government generated N9.5 billion in the first quarter of 2021, also Kwara state benefitted from value-added tax (VAT) that was increased from 5% to 7.5%. The Paper concluded that the unwillingness and insincerity of political officeholders usher barriers to the implementation of the national minimum wage. The paper recommended that the punishment in Nigeria's extant minimum wage law was immaterial and ought to be reviewed.
- ItemCybercrime in Nigeria: Social Influence Affecting the Prevention and Control(Department of Economics, Federal University of Lafia, Nigeria, 2023-08-16) Abdullahi Alabi; AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; Abdulrazaq Bashir OladimejiOver the past decade, the internet has grown dramatically with increasing everyday users. As internet users increase, so is the percentage of cybercriminals who seem to be shifting traditional crime to the internet. The predicted financial losses of N250 billion ($649 million) in 2017 and N288 billion ($800 million) in 2018 have made cybercrime in Nigeria one of the most difficult crimes to solve. Young people, especially those in higher education, are involved in cybercrime in Nigeria, but this crime is committed by both young and old adults. The involvement of young people is typically influenced by high levels of poverty, unemployment, insufficient laws against this crime, and diminished social influence. A nation with a high crime rate cannot prosper or develop. The study examines the effects of social influencers. The study utilized the structural-functional theory and the theory of technology-enabled crime to provide a grasp of the nature of the problem. Due to the nature of the investigation, secondary data and qualitative methods were used and it was found that youth involvement in cybercrime is significantly influenced by unemployment, peer pressure, and socialization factors. The study suggests that Nigeria should provide basic facilities (e.g., Electricity, Security, Good Governance and so forth), enhance its cybercrime laws and policies, and instruct its social agents (War against Indiscipline and Corruption, National Orientation Agency).
- ItemGLOBAL CHALLENGES OF NIGERIA FOREIGN POLICY IN THE FIGHT AGAINST BOKO HARAM INSURGENCY(LAPAI INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, 2020) Kareem Babatunde Musibau; AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; Aluko Oluwafemi GbengaThe key significance of international strategy in the headway of national enthusiasm outside the guest has for some time been perceived. The ongoing year has seen momentous difficulties in Nigeria’s outer connection because of local security insurgency, for example, Boko Haram, Fulani herders, criminals, and scoundrels. This paper for the most part examines the Boko haram insurrection and its impacts on Nigeria's international strategy utilising the linkage theory. Subjective techniques for examination were utilised, drawing to a great extent from auxiliary sources. Discoveries from this paper show that the activities of Boko Haram constitute a serious threat to the development of Nigeria. Aside, from the socioeconomic implications, the human costs are of great concern to everybody in Nigeria. This paper, therefore, recommends the need for more foreign policy engagement in the direction of human security especially as it relates to youth employment and protects the liberty of citizens
- ItemIMPACT OF FEDERAL CHARACTER PRINCIPLE ON RECRUITMENT EQUITY IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA SECURITY AND CIVIL DEFENCE CORPS (NSCDC)(International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 2018) AbdulRasheed Hamza BamideleThe federal character was adopted in Nigeria to ensure that no group or section suffers imbalance or marginalization of any kind. However, its implementation had been criticized by scholars and public servants who see it as an instrument of favoring some sections of the country against others through marginalization and nepotism in the area of employment contrary to the federal character principle. Federal institutions are accused of recruiting on the basis of nepotism and favorism without minding the effect on fairness and equity. The study investigated the issues associated with recruitment procedures in relation to the extent to which the federal character commission has promoted equity in its recruitment procedure. Descriptive statistics method (SPSS Version 2.0) was used to analyse data. Sources of data were primary and secondary sources. The study concluded that the recruitment of personnel into Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps in line with the federal character principle or quota system is to open the door to nepotism and invariably indicates that the federal character principle was not totally applicable in the recruitment of personnel into Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps. The paper recommended that Political officeholders and other top government functionaries should minimize or stop constant interference with issues of recruitment and selection of staff in the public service.
- ItemLABOUR RELATIONS AND HISTORY OF MINIMUM WAGE IMPLEMENTATION IN OSUN STATE OF NIGERIA(Gombe Journal of Administration and Management (GJAM). Department of Public Administration, Gombe State University, Nigeria, 2024-05-24) AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; Abdullahi Alabi; Amin AminThe battle over the minimum wage at the state level was so heated that every stakeholder manoeuvred against each other in the negotiation process. State governments and organized labour disagree on how to implement the national minimum wage. The research work explored the main thrusts of labour relations and the history of minimum wage implementation in the Osun state of Nigeria. The study employed two types of methods (quantitative and qualitative), and data were gathered from both primary and secondary resources. The study's population was 50254, and the sample size was 400, calculated using Taro Yamane formulae. Quantitative data was analysed using a simple percentage. The findings found that the Osun state government used numerous metrics such as staff audits and headcounts. The study concluded that the state government used a variety of tactics to achieve its aims in determining the new minimum pay for workers' compensation. The study recommended that there should be payment of arrears at the current minimum wage rate to avoid any loss from the workers and there should be effective sanctions against erring states and organizations that fail to implement national minimum wage or fail to implement national minimum wage properly.
- ItemPolitics of Labour Unionism in the Implementation of National Minimum Wage in Osun State Civil Service, Nigeria(Journal of Administrative Science, 2024-01-25) AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; AbdulRauf Ambali; Salawu O. IbrahimLabour unionism has been seen over the years as one of the most widely recognized and well-known in every organization‘s workforce, which seeks to protect the rights and interests of employees from erratic economic exploitation. The study work, therefore, explored the main thrusts of labour unionism in the implementation of the national minimum wage in Osun State Civil Service, Nigeria. To realize the central objective, the study used mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) and data were generated both from primary and secondary sources. The population of civil servants in the Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs) in Osun state was 50254 and the sample size for the study was 400 using Taro Yamane formulae, and a simple percentage was utilised for the quantitative data analysis. Findings from the study revealed that labour unions pressurise for a decent wage and the implementation of a national minimum wage. Also, labour unions and state governments scientifically brainstorm on workers' requests. The Paper concluded that Labour unions in Osun are monitoring the activities of the government and its policies on behalf of the workers to ensure that government does not act illegally or unethically. The paper recommended that government should try as much as possible to maintain a good and cordial relationship with their employers/union members to avoid clashes that may wrench the organisation thus affecting organizational performance.
- ItemPolitics of Labour Unionism in the Implementation of National Minimum Wage in Osun State Civil Service, Nigeria(Journal of Administrative Science, 2024-04-30) AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; AbdulRauf Ambali; Salawu O. IbrahimLabour unionism has been seen over the years as one of the most widely recognized and well-known in every organization‘s workforce, which seeks to protect the rights and interests of employees from erratic economic exploitation. The study work, therefore, explored the main thrusts of labour unionism in the implementation of the national minimum wage in Osun State Civil Service, Nigeria. To realize the central objective, the study used mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) and data were generated both from primary and secondary sources. The population of civil servants in the Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs) in Osun state was 50254 and the sample size for the study was 400 using Taro Yamane formulae, and a simple percentage was utilised for the quantitative data analysis. Findings from the study revealed that labour unions pressurise for a decent wage and the implementation of a national minimum wage. Also, labour unions and state governments scientifically brainstorm on workers' requests. The Paper concluded that Labour unions in Osun are monitoring the activities of the government and its policies on behalf of the workers to ensure that the government does not act illegally or unethically. The paper recommended that the government should try as much as possible to maintain a good and cordial relationship with their employers/union members to avoid clashes that may wrench the organisation thus affecting organizational performance.
- ItemPOVERTY AND YOUTH ENGAGEMENT IN CYBERCRIME IN NIGERIA: AN OVERVIEW OF ITS EFFECT ON NATIONAL SECURITY(Gomba Journal of Administration and Management (GJAM), 2023) Alabi Abdullahi; AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; AbdulRazaq Bashir OladimejiThe number of internet users grows along with the number of cybercriminals, who appear to be transferring traditional stealing to the digital arena. Computer crime in Nigeria has evolved into a perplexing, if not the most difficult crime, with a projected financial loss of N250 billion ($649 million) in 2017 and N288 billion ($800 million) in 2018 in Nigeria, both young and old adults commit cybercrime; nonetheless, younger engagement, especially among those in higher education, is frequently linked to high levels of poverty, unemployment, insufficient cybercrime rules, and diminished social impact. This paper explores the relationship between poverty and youth engagement in cybercrime in Nigeria. Due to the nature of the investigation, secondary data and qualitative analysis methods were used. The results showed that teenage involvement in cybercrime is influenced by poverty and a lack of necessities of life. Also, it was found that youth involvement in cybercrime is significantly influenced by jobless and peer influences. The study suggests that the Nigerian government at various levels should provide basic facilities, enhance its cybercrime laws and policies, and retrain its social agents.
- ItemPUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORM: AN IMPETUS FOR GOOD GOVERNANCE AND POLITICAL SECURITY IN NIGERIA(MALAYSIAN MANAGEMENT JOURNAL. UNIVERSITI UTARA MALAYSIA, 2024-07-31) Amin Amin; AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; Alabi AbdullahiOver the last decade, the Nigerian government has undertaken a wide ranging policy, institutional, and legal initiatives to enhance the country’s public service delivery. Despite these efforts, the nation has grappled with a myriad of issues that still undermine good governance and political security. These challenges include weak institutional capacity, corruption, poor leadership, inadequate public service delivery, political instability, limited resources, poor infrastructure, and a shortage of skilled human resources. This paper examines the strategies and mechanisms employed by public administrators in Nigeria to enhance good governance and political security, analyses the impact of effective public administration on political stability and security and identifies the challenges affecting the implementation of good governance principles through public administration in Nigeria. The study has adopted the New Public Management Theory proposed by Hood in 1991 and relied on secondary data. Findings from the study shows that Nigerian public administration has undergone a series of reforms to enhance good governance and political security through various strategies and mechanisms such as capacity building, international cooperation, and ethical conduct. The study also reveals that corruption and lack of accountability, bureaucratic bottlenecks and insufficient capacity among others have been identified as challenges of the implementation of good governance principles in Nigeria. The paper recommends that the encouragement and promotion of transparency and accountability be given top priority; citizen participation should also be encouraged in the planning and decision-making process; empowering local governments through the allocation of adequate resources to foster political security. The paper also recommends the establishment of a proper recruitment base to promote professionalism and meritocracy in the public service.
- ItemStrategies of Environmental Protection Policies on Sustainable Waste Management Systems in Kwara and Oyo States, Nigeria(Journal of Administrative Science, 2024-04-30) Amin Amin; Alabi Abdullahi; AbdulRasheed Hamza BamideleThe paper examined the strategies of environmental protection policies on sustainable waste management in Kwara and Oyo states in Nigeria. The study adopted Marxian Political Ecology theory. The population of this study was 11,170,478 while the sample size was 400. Out of 400 questionnaires distributed, 363 were correctly filled, retrieved and analyzed. Both primary and secondary data. SPSS version 21 was used to analyze the collected data for easy analysis. Despite growing concerns about the adverse environmental impacts of improper waste management practices, many regions and communities continue to struggle with inadequate strategies for waste disposal and recycling. It is presumably observed that there is a lack of effective strategies for the implementation of environmental protection towards sustainable waste management in Kwara and Oyo States. The study's conclusions showed that most respondents in the states of Kwara and Oyo concurred that the state has environmental conservation awareness campaigns and education initiatives. Additionally, the majority in both states concurred that the state government and NGOs collaborate on joint activities and that the dumpsite is approved. The report suggests that the governments of Kwara and Oyo states develop recycling and treatment facilities as well as more dumpsites. Priority should be given to environmentalists during the hiring, placement, and selection processes. Both States should implement landfills rather than just dumpsites, and Kwara State in particular should have an atmosphere that is supportive of private waste collectors.
- ItemStrategies of Environmental Protection Policies on Sustainable Waste Management Systems in Kwara and Oyo States, Nigeria(Journal of Administrative Science, 2024-06-11) Amin Amin; Alabi Abdullahi; AbdulRasheed Hamza BamideleThe paper examined the strategies of environmental protection policies on sustainable waste management in Kwara and Oyo states in Nigeria. The study adopted Marxian Political Ecology theory. The population of this study was 11,170,478 while the sample size was 400. Out of 400 questionnaires distributed, 363 were correctly filled, retrieved and analyzed. Both primary and secondary data. SPSS version 21 was used to analyze the collected data for easy analysis. Despite growing concerns about the adverse environmental impacts of improper waste management practices, many regions and communities continue to struggle with inadequate strategies for waste disposal and recycling. It is presumably observed that there is a lack of effective strategies for the implementation of environmental protection towards sustainable waste management in Kwara and Oyo States. The study's conclusions showed that most respondents in the states of Kwara and Oyo concurred that the state has environmental conservation awareness campaigns and education initiatives. Additionally, the majority in both states concurred that the state government and NGOs collaborate on joint activities and that the dumpsite is approved. The report suggests that the governments of Kwara and Oyo states develop recycling and treatment facilities as well as more dumpsites. Priority should be given to environmentalists during the hiring, placement, and selection processes. Both States should implement landfills rather than just dumpsites, and Kwara State in particular should have an atmosphere that is supportive of private waste collectors.
- ItemTHE IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT ON SERVICE DELIVERY IN KWARA STATE POLYTECHNIC, ILORIN, NIGERIA(International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 2018) AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; Adebayo Moshood OlayinkaAll organizations both private and public are set up to achieve certain aims and objectives and to do so within minimum cost and available resources used towards the achievement of the goals. For some years Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin has been witnessing low-quality staff performances. On the part of the academic staff, there was poor research knowledge, poor teaching skills, a lack of opportunity to develop themselves, and poor interpersonal relationship with the students and co-staff. For the non-academic staff, their low service delivery is evident from poor knowledge of keeping records and filling system not adequately certificated, poor minutes writing, leaking of official secrets, late work, and inability to cope with the new technology. Realizing these problems, the Management of the Kwara State Polytechnic, constituted the Staff Orientation and Development Committees (SODC) to address the identified problems. The study investigated the level of accessibility of staff to the training programmes designed by the Kwara State Polytechnic Management and appraised the impacts of training by the Kwara State Polytechnic on staff efficiency and service delivery. The source of data was from primary and secondary sources. The primary source consisted of a questionnaire while secondary sources were gathered from journals and published books related to the field of study. The finding of the study revealed that the majority of staff are well informed and aware of the existence of the training programmes at Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin. The research recommended that Training of staff should not be concentrated on a few staff members who have served the organization for more than ten years. Training should be extended to even the staff who have served for not less than two years if such staff is qualified.
- ItemVOTERS’ BEHAVIOUR AND THE INFLUENCE OF TRADITIONAL RULERS IN NIGERIA’S 2023 GENERAL ELECTIONS: A STUDY OF BARUTEN LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KWARA STATE(ILORIN JOURNAL OF ADMINISTRATION AND DEVELOPMENT (IJAD), DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, NIGERIA., 2023-09-25) Abdullahi Alabi; AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; Idris Mohammed NurudeenNigeria has held elections in a variety of settings since her independence in 1960, and it aspires to improve on previous elections and the campaigning process. The selection and development of candidates for office are significantly influenced by traditional leaders and their followers. During election campaigns, political candidates go to the palaces of traditional monarchs to ask for their approval and support. This happens in various parts of Nigeria during elections for state and local offices as well as the presidency, when candidates visit first-class traditional rulers in all 36 states of the nation as their first stop before launching their campaigns in those states. This has now become the norm in Nigeria's modern politics. The study examines the impact of traditional rulership institutions on the behaviour of voters in Baruten Local Government in the 2023 general elections in Kwara State. It aims to determine the extent to which traditional rulers influence the choice of electorates in the Baruten Local Government area of Kwara State. To achieve the main objective, the research used mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) and data were generated from primary and secondary sources. The population size of this work covered the four main districts in the local government namely, Gwanara, Ilesha-baruba, Okuta, and Yashikira respectively. In selecting the sampling size for this study, the Taro Yamane formula was adopted. According to the study's results, 87% of participants voted during the 2023 elections; additionally, research showed that traditional monarchs have a momentous impact on their citizens. The study concluded that traditional rulers enjoy a high level of respect and credibility among their subjects and can mobilize their subjects to vote for a certain political candidate.
- ItemVoters’ Behaviour and Traditional Rulership Institution in Nigeria’s 2023 General Elections: A Study of Baruten Local Government Area of Kwara State(ILORIN JOURNAL OF ADMINISTRATION AND DEVELOPMENT, 2023-06-01) Abdullahi Alabi; AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; Idris Mohammed DanjumaAbstract Nigeria has held elections in a variety of settings since her independence in 1960, and it aspires to improve on previous elections and the campaigning process. The selection and development of candidates for office are significantly influenced by traditional leaders and their followers. During election campaigns, political candidates go to the palaces of traditional monarchs to ask for their approval and support. This happens in various parts of Nigeria during elections for state and local offices as well as the presidency, when candidates visit first-class traditional rulers in all 36 states of the nation as their first stop before launching their campaigns in those states. This has now become the norm in Nigeria's modern politics. The study examines the impact of traditional rulership institutions on the behaviour of voters in Baruten Local Government in the 2023 general elections in Kwara State. It aims to determine the extent to which traditional rulers influence the choice of electorates in the Baruten Local Government area of Kwara State. To achieve the main objective, the research used mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) and data were generated from primary and secondary sources. The population size of this work covered the four main districts in the local government namely, Gwanara, Ilesha-baruba, Okuta, and Yashikira respectively. In selecting the sampling size for this study, the Taro Yamane formula was adopted. According to the study's results, 87% of participants voted during the 2023 elections; additionally, research showed that traditional monarchs have a momentous impact on their citizens. The study concluded that traditional rulers enjoy a high level of respect and credibility among their subjects and can mobilize their subjects to vote for a certain political candidate. Keywords: Voters’ Behaviour, Traditional Rulers, Influence, General Elections