Addressing the emerging threat of Oropouche virus: implications and public health responses for healthcare systems
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Date
2025-01-02
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines
Abstract
Oropouche fever is an increasingly significant health concern in tropical and subtropical areas of South and Central
America, and is primarily spread by midge vectors. The Oropouche virus (OROV) was first identified in 1955 and
has been responsible for numerous outbreaks, particularly in urban environments. Despite its prevalence, the
disease is often under-reported, making it difficult to fully understand its impact. OROV typically causes febrile
illness characterized by symptoms such as headaches, muscle pain, and, occasionally, neurological issues such
as meningitis. The ability of the virus to thrive in both forested and urban areas has raised concerns regarding
its potential spread to new regions, particularly in the context of climate change. This paper delves into the
epidemiology, clinical features, and transmission patterns of OROV, shedding light on the difficulties in diagnosing
and managing the disease. The absence of specific treatments and vaccines highlights the urgent need for
continued research and development of targeted public health strategies. Advancements in molecular diagnostics
and vector control strategies can mitigate Oropouche fever’s impact. However, a comprehensive public health
approach involving increased surveillance, public education, and cross-border collaboration is needed.