Antibacterial Efficacy of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa and Ocimum gratissimum on some selected Gram-Negative Bacteria
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Date
2020
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Centrepoint Journal (Science Edition)
Abstract
This study is aimed at looking at the most effective between extracts of Hibiscus
sabdariffa calyces and Ocimum gratissimum leaves on Escherichia coli, Salmonella
typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Antibacterial efficacy of distilled water and ethanolic extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa
calyces and Ocimum gratissimum leaves on the above-named organisms were
evaluated by agar well diffusion technique and broth dilution method. The
antibacterial efficacy of these extracts was compared with the commercially
available antibiotics. The dried residue obtained was reconstituted with distilled
water to a concentration of 400mg/ml. Some of the organisms showed varying
degree of resistances to the antibiotics while some were sensitive. The aqueous and
ethanolic extracts of H. sabdariffa and the ethanolic extract of O. gratissimum
inhibited growth of the organisms at concentrations of 100 -400 mg/ml (zones of
inhibition ranged between 6 and 24 mm). The minimal inhibitory concentrations
(MICs) of the extracts were between 24 and 93.75 mg/ml. This revealed that
ethanolic extract of O. gratissimum, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of H.
sabdariffa have antimicrobial activity on all the organisms and probably could be
used to control infections associated with them.