Antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq) seeds on selected clinical isolates
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Date
2020
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Abstract
Parkia biglobosa (Jacq) is a wild leguminous plant found in North-Central zone of Nigeria with high
calorific value, essential proteins, fatty acids, and vitamins. The study investigated the antimicrobial
activity of crude extracts of fermented and unfermented P. biglobosa seeds on selected clinical microbial
isolates namely, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia
coli. P. biglobosa seeds were obtained from Oja-Oba market in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. The samples
were pre-treated and pulverized into powder. The extraction was achieved with acetone and water and
qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed following standard procedures. The antimicrobial
activity of the extracts against the isolates was determined by agar well diffusion method. Qualitative
phytochemical screening of the crude extracts showed the presence of tannins, alkaloid, flavonoid,
saponin and glycosides. P. aeruginosa was sensitive to the aqueous extract of fermented seeds having a
zone of inhibition of 14.00±1.00mm while for unfermented seeds it was 10.00±2.00 mm at 100 mg/ml. The
acetone extracts of both fermented and unfermented seeds revealed antibacterial activity against P.
aeruginosa with zone of inhibition of 17.00±3.00 mm and 18.00±0.00 mm respectively. In conclusion, the
crude extracts of the fermented and unfermented P. biglobosa seeds at a concentration of 75 and 100
mg/ml respectively have antimicrobial effect on the clinical isolates.