Adsorptive Removal of Copper (II) Ions from Aqueous Solution Using a Magnetite Nano‑Adsorbent from Mill Scale Waste: Synthesis, Characterization, Adsorption and Kinetic Modelling Studies
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Date
2021
Authors
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Springer
Abstract
In this study, magnetite nano-adsorbent (MNA) was extracted from mill scale waste products, synthesized and applied
to eliminate Cu2+
from an aqueous solution. Mill scale waste product was ground using conventional milling and
impacted using high-energy ball milling (HEBM) for varying 3, 5, and 7 milling hours. In this regard, the prepared
MNA was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), field
emission scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), UV–Vis spectroscopy,
Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and zeta potential. The resultant MNA-7 h milling time
displayed a crystalline structure with irregular shapes of 11.23 nm, specific surface area of 5.98 m2g−
1, saturation magnetization,
Ms of 8.35 emug−
1, and isoelectric point charge at pH 5.4. The optimum adsorption capacity, qe of 4.42 mg.
g−1 for the removal of Cu2+
ions was attained at 120 min of contact time. The experimental data were best fitted to
the Temkin isotherm model. A comparison between experimental kinetic studies and the theoretical aspects showed
that the pseudo-second-order matched the experimental trends with a correlation coefficient of (R2 > 0.99). Besides,
regeneration efficiency of 70.87% was achieved after three cycles of reusability studies. The MNA offers a practical, efficient,
low-cost approach to reutilize mill scale waste products and provide ultra-fast separation to remove Cu2+
from
water.