Assessments of Sweet potato Virus Disease and Influence of Mulching and Organic Insecticide on Sweet Potato Varieties in Kwara State of Nigeria
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Date
2020
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Abstract
Assessments of 30 sweet potato farms in
three districts of Kwara State of Nigeria
were carried out to evaluate the incidence
of sweet potato virus disease (SPVD). A
serological study by Antigen-coated plate
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
(ACP-ELISA) was set up to assay six
viruses on sweet potato samples. A field
experiment to appraise the influence of
variety, mulch and organic insecticide on
virus incidence was performed on two genetically improved sweet potato
varieties. The surveys revealed the
occurrence of SPVD in all locations with
incidence from 2.6% in Oyun (Kwara
Central district) to 39.1% in Agbamu
(Kwara South district). The serology test
confirmed the predominance of Sweet
potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) and
Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus
(SPCSV) correspondingly as 100% and
30% respectively in the study. The field
experiment indicated lower virus disease
incidence (15.3%) and increased numbers
in storage roots (7.5/plant) and weight of
storage roots (32.4 kg/plant) in Orange
Fleshed Sweet Potato variety, mulched
with organic insecticidal treatment. This
is the first authentication of the
occurrence and prevalence of sweet potato
virus disease in Kwara State, Nigeria. The
study recommends Orange Fleshed Sweet
Potato variety, mulching with guinea corn
stalk and organic insecticide application
for sustainable management of SPVD,
particularly for resource-poor farmers.