Evaluation of Sowing Methods and Herbicide Mixtures for Weed Management and Productivity in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
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Date
2023-11-07
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
University of Putra, Malaysia
Abstract
Sesame is an oil seed crop with great economic value. However, the production of this crop
has been limited by weed competition, which prompted a field experiment during the 2021
cropping season in two locations: Teaching and Research Farm, Kwara State University,
Malete, and National Centre for Agricultural Mechanization (NCAM), Idofian, Ilorin,
Kwara, Nigeria. The aim was to determine the treatment combinations of sowing methods
and herbicide mixtures for the effective management of weeds and for increasing sesame
productivity in the southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. The experiment consisted of
twenty treatments comprising two sowing methods (dibbling and drilling) and ten weed
control methods. Results showed that all the weed control methods reduced weed dry
matter (67.15–186.20 and 42.00–92.45 g/m2) than the weedy check (291.55 and 155.55 g/
m2) at Malete and NCAM, respectively. They also reduced the weed density (48.40–68.45
and 34.00–50.00/m2) compared to the weedy check (103.60 and 73.15 g/m2) at Malete and
NCAM, respectively, from 6 to 12 weeks after planting (WAP). Dibbling (85.15 and 48.81
m2) proved superior to the drilling method (172.42 and 51.58/m2) for the management
of weeds from 6–12 WAP and for promoting higher crop yield (dibbling: 78.90 and
422.70 kg/ha; drilling: 37.50 and 326.80 kg/ha) in Malete and NCAM, respectively. The
treatment combinations with the highest gross margin were hoeing twice at 3 and 6 WAP ×
dibbling ($ -191.15 and $ 318.57), pendimethalin (P) + diuron (D) at 0.5 + 0.5 kg a.i./ha ($
-199.88 and $ 182.43), 2.0 + 1.5 × dibbling
($ -273.59 and $ 156.65) and butachlor
(B) + diuron (D) at 1.5 + 1.0 kg a.i./ha ×
drilling ($ -269.59 and $ 177.38) at Malete
and NCAM, respectively. Therefore, it is
recommended that the dibbling sowing
method at a spacing of 30 cm × 30 cm
and thinned to 3 plants/stand integrated
1152 Pertanika J. Trop. Agric. Sci. 46 (4): 1151 - 1172 (2023)
Emmanuel Oyamedan Imoloame and Lukman Funsho Abubakar
with herbicide mixtures of pendimethalin
at 0.5 + 0.5 kg a.i./ha is recommended as
an alternative to hoe weeding for effective
weed control, higher yield of sesame, and
economic returns.
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Citation
Imoloame and Abubakar (2023)