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    Response of maize (Zea mays L.) to combined application of organic and inorganic (soil and foliar applied) fertilizers
    (2015) A. I. Afe; S. Atanda; M. O. Aduloju; S. K. Ogundare; A. A. Talabi
    A field trial was carried out in the 2013 cropping season at the Teaching and Research Farm of Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria (08° 42” 48.5N and 004° 26 17.9” E ) to assess the response of early maturing maize variety (TZEE-Y) when using organic poultry manure (pm) alone or in combination with inorganic (NPK) and foliar fertilizer (ff) (boost xtra). The treatments were: pm 5.0 t ha-1 + ff, pm 2.5 t ha-1 + NPK 30 kg N + ff, NPK 60 kg N + ff, pm 5.0 t ha-1 + NPK 60 kg N, pm 10.0 t ha-1 + 60 kg N, NPK 120 kg N/ha, pm 10.0 t ha-1 and control. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Applications of poultry manure at 10.0t ha-1 produced the highest plant height (119.57 cm2), leaf area (362.10 cm2) and cob length (17.47 cm2). However, significantly, was at par with integrated application of poultry manure at 2.5 t ha-1 mixed with NPK 30 kgN ha-1 and foliar fertilizers. As compared to other treatments, significantly shorter days (38) to 50% flowering was obtained where 2.5 t ha-1 poultry manure was combined with NPK 30 kgN/ha and foliar fertilizer. The highest grain yield (3.206 t ha-1) was obtained when pm was applied alone at 10.0 t ha-1. This was also similar to the combined application of pm at 2.5t ha-1 mixed with NPK 30 kgN ha-1 and foliar fertilizer. The results of the study indicated that combined application of pm, NPK and ff enhanced the growth and yield of maize. This integrated application will be a good soil management practice for tropical soils. Combination of pm at 2.5 t ha-1 with NPK 30 kgN ha-1 and foliar fertilizer (boost xtra) is therefore recommended for early maturing maize production in the study area
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    Effects of dietary Jatropha gossypiifolia leaves extract on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune response, and disease resistance of African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) infected with Aeromonas hydrophila
    (Taylor and Francis, 2024-08-19) O.V. Adeniyi; M.R. Adedayo; A.I. Afe
    This study investigated the effects of Jatropha gossypiifolia leaf extract (JGE) on the performance and immune response of African sharptooth catfish. Fish (6.43 ± 0.26 g, n = 450, 30/repli cate) were fed diets supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 g JGE/kg in triplicate for 84 days. Thereafter, the fish were injected with Aeromonas hydrophila and observed for 14 days. Fish fed 1.0–1.5 g JGE had higher (P < 0.05) weight gain, protein effi ciency ratio, and villi absorption area, with highest performance at 1.0 g JGE. All the fish fed JGE-supplemented diets had enhanced (P < 0.05) activities of glutathione-s-transferase and glutathione peroxidase, compared to fish fed control diet, while the variations in erythrocyte and leucocyte counts were insig nificant (P > 0.05). The post-challenge fish fed JGE- supplemented diets had higher lysozyme, phagocytic, and respiratory burst activities and survival than the control treatment
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    Assessment of Plant Population and Time of Introduction of Maizeon the Performance of Garden egg - Maize Intercrop
    (2020) Awoniyi OA; Takim FO; Olaoye G; Olorunmaiye KS; Afe AI
    The field trials were conducted during the rainy and dry seasons of 2014 and 2015 to investigate the influence of population density and time of introduction of the component maize on the performance of garden egg/maize intercrop in Nigeria. The trial was laid as a randomised complete block design in a split-plot arrangement with 3 replications. The main plots were time of introduction of maize [2weeks before transplanting (WBT), same time with transplanting (STT) and 2 weeks after transplanting (WAT)] while 9 plant population ratios were the sub plots (100M: 100G, 100M: 75G, 100M: 50G, 100M: 25G 100M: 0, 0:100G, 25M: 100G, 50M: 100G, 75M: 100G). Intercropping system was evaluated using competitive indices and data collected on yield and yield components of both crops were subjected to analysis of variance at P≤0.05. Maize sown STT garden egg had significantly high grain yield (3.70 t/ha) while the highest garden egg fruit yields of 40.96 t/ha was obtained when maize was introduced 2 WAT garden egg. This study recommends that, 50-75% maize should be introduced 2WAT of 100% garden egg during the dry season where irrigation facilities are available for optimal crops yields and minimal intercrop losses
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    ASSESSMENT OF SORGHUM/OKRA INTERCROP PRODUCTIVITY, COMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR AND PROFITABILITY IN SOUTHERN GUINEA SAVANNAH AGROECOLOGY, NIGERIA
    (2025-02-24) Afe, A. I; Alagbe, Y.L
    Sorghum-okra intercropped at different population ratios and introduction periods were studied during the 2021 cropping season. Four population densities of okra (100 %, 75 %, 50 %, and 25 %) were introduced to sorghum three times [ same time (ST), two weeks before planting (2WBP) and two weeks after planting (2WAP)] in a factorial combination in a randomized complete block in split plot, replicated three times. Sole sorghum and okra were included in the treatments as a check. Regardless of population ratios, the yield of sorghum increased as the population density of okra decreased and with further delayed at the time of introduction. Land equivalent ratio (LER) demonstrated intercropping advantage at all population ratios and time of introduction. The area time equivalent ratio (ATER) index, however, indicated no meaningful intercropping advantage. Competitive ratio (CR) showed that okra was more competitive than sorghum when full populations of both crops were intercropped at all times of introduction. Interestingly, however, reduction in the population of okra to 75 % and below, sorghum was more competitive than okra. The Aggressivity (A) values were positive for okra and negative for sorghum when it was planted two weeks ahead of sorghum (2WBP). Monetary advantage (MA) was positive in all the treatments. The discrepancy and inconsistency among the indices for assessing intercropping efficiency suggest that using one index may be misleading and hence, an appropriate index should be used based on the objective of the grower