Assessment of Bacterial Burden and Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Health Workers on Nosocomial Infection in General Hospital Ilorin, Kwara State
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Date
2020-07-18
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Asian Journal of Research in Nursing and Health 3(1): 52-63, 2020; Article no.AJRNH.56767
Abstract
Background: Nosocomial infection constitute over 25% of infection rates in the hospital setting
causing significant morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries [1]. Microorganisms
are present in the hospital environment including surfaces of sinks, taps, bedpans, beds, floors,
bedspreads, stethoscopes, chairs, cupboards, theatre rooms, on surgical instruments [2]. Microbes
in hospital public spaces have been a concern driven subject of significant importance, most
especially in developing countries where nosocomial infection is considered to be two to three folds
higher than in the developed countries [3].
Methodology: A qualitative survey involved the administration of a structured questionnaire to elicit
data on the human dimensions for assessing the knowledge attitude and practice of health worker
in nosocomial infection from different Units and Departments of the General Hospital Ilorin. Also,
laboratory analysis of samples collected from contact surfaces from different wards was done.
Original Research Article
Bilewu et al.; AJRNH, 3(1): 52-63, 2020; Article no.AJRNH.56767
53
Results: Showed the practices of health workers that influences nosocomial infection, it indicates a
higher percentage (63.7) of the population do not use personal protective equipment(PPE), The
waste disposal method open dumping takes the highest percentage (55%) also, once in a day
hospital disinfection is indicated by highest percentage (43.3%). Highest percentage (40.8%)
Indicated that Izal is used for disinfection A higher percentage (56.8%) indicated that there is no
Steady water supply. Highest percentage (59.2%) of the population study indicated that the source
of water supply is well.
Conclusion: The burden of HAIs is very high, knowledge of workers concerning HAIs is adequate
yet the attitude and practice to prevent HAIs is poor, despite the more scientific knowledge on the
roles of inanimate objects in the spread of hospital acquired infections, it is starling that only a
minority of healthcare worker takes appropriate steps to counter this transmissibility.
Description
Hospital-acquired infection (HAI) is a major
safety issue affecting the quality of care of
hundreds of millions of patients every year, in
both developed and developing countries.
Health-care associated infections (HAIs) are
defined as infection developed within 48hours
after hospital admission or within 30 days after
discharged from a hospital [4]. Worldwide, the
delivery of health care is challenged by a wide
range of safety problems. The traditional medical
oath, “First do no harm,” is seldom violated
intentionally or unintentionally by any healthcare
workers (HCWs). Accordingly, the World Alliance
for Patient Safety selected hospital-associated
infections (HAI) as the topic for its first Global
Patient Safety Challenges in 2005. However, the
fact remains that in spite of advances in the
health care system, patients are harmed every
day in every country around the globe in the
course of receiving health care while patient’s
safety in hospitals remains at risk from HAI .
More than 1.4 million people around the world
become seriously ill from HAI at any given time
[5]. Knowledge, attitude and practices of health
workers within the hospital and health facilities
has a great influence on the rate of nosocomial
infection, the behavior at workplace plays a
significant role in either increasing or reducing
the rate of nosocomial infection. Positive
behavior and practices, including hand washing,
personal disinfection, hospital disinfection,
adequate waste disposal and infection
surveillance are known to drastically reduce level
of nosocomial infectious organisms [6]. The main
cause of nosocomial infection is, presence of
pathogenic microbe in the hospital environments
containing several kind of pathogen as well as
aerosol in hospital air i.e. basic cause of airborne
microbial disease transmission.