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    Phytochemicals and anticancer activity of methanol extract of Trigonella foenum-greacum seed on breast cancer cell lines
    (South African Journal of Botany, 2023-07-13) Mutiu A. Alabi, Marvis A. Arowolo, Asiat Na’Allah, Pranav Kumar Prabhakar, Eberechukwuka G. Linus, Naga Raju Maddela, Sesan A. Aransiola, Hassan T. Abdulameed, Beloved K. Ajani and Ram Prasad
    This study was aimed to examine the anticancer potential of Trigonella foenum-greacum seed methanol extract by analyzing its phytochemicals and its breast cancer cells effects. The anti-cancer efficacy of the extract was tested on fibroblast cells and MCF-7 through various cellular assays, including apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species, cell cycle distribution, and cell cytotoxicity assay were all investigated. By using GC-MS analysis, fifty-five bioactive compounds were identified in the extract. When the cancer cell lines were treated with the extract, the typical apoptotic morphology was observed, this resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of cancer cell migration and adhesion. Flow cytometry studies revealed that the extract significantly induced apoptosis by triggering a change from G2/M to polyploidy (>G) at greater doses. Furthermore, the extract increased mitochondrial depolarization and ROS levels. This study demonstrates the extract’s anti-cancer properties and highlights the need for further analysis to understand how Trigonella foenum-greacum seed extract induces program cell death through multiple signaling pathways at varying concentrations.
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    In silico molecular modeling and simulations of black tea theaflavins revealed theaflavin-3’-gallate as putative liver X receptor-beta agonist
    (Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, 2023-01-11) Temidayo O. Adigun, Ammar U. Danazumi, Haruna I. Umar, Asiat Na’Allah, Mutiu A. Alabi, Wisdom O. Joel, Adepeju Aberuagba, Omokolade O. Alejolowo, Joy O. Bamidele, Olakunle S. Omotayo and Oluwatobi A. Medayedupin
    The low constitutive activation of Liver X receptor, an endogenous nuclear receptor with two subtypes (a and b), is a condition lying at the crossroad of cancer and cardiovascular disease. Both natural and synthetic Liver X receptor agonists have reportedly shown remarkable antiproliferative and atheroprotective effects but the repeated doses of its synthetic ones are also paradoxically associated with hyperlipidaemic effects and neurotoxicity, though attributed to the alpha subtype. This highlights the need for novel, safe, and potent LXR-beta-selective agonists. Hypocholesterolaemic effects of black theaflavins have been widely reported, but data on the exact theaflavin compound (s) responsible for these effects is currently lacking. Neither is information on the possible modulatory effects of the compound (s) on LXR-beta nor its possible implications in the context of drug development for cardiovascular diseases and cancers is explored. On this account, we investigated the potential interaction of four main theaflavin monomers (TF1, TF2A, TF2B & TF3) with human LXR-beta through robust computational modelling that entails molecular docking, free energy calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. The ligands were further profiled (in silico) for absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicological properties. Our result revealed theaflavin TF2B as a putative LXR-beta agonist, possibly responsible for the widely observed hypocholesterolaemic effect in black tea. This finding, while encouraging, needs to be experimentally verified in wet studies.
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    Senna occidentalis Leaf Extracts Ameliorate Biochemical Parameters of Diabetic Nephropathy in Diabetic Wistar Rats
    (Journal of Medical Sciences, 2022) Rasheed B. Ibrahim, Mutiu A. Alabi, Babalola O. Yusuf, Latifat B. Ibrahim, Jamiu B. Ahmad, Kehinde O. Ogunyale, Esther O. Oladiji and Rihanat Bashir
    Background and Objective: Senna occidentalis is widely used in the folkloric treatment and management of various diseases. Its therapeutic benefit for diabetic kidney disease however remains unexplored. This study evaluated the effects of leaf phenolic and alkaloid extracts of Senna occidentalis on biomarkers of diabetic nephropathy in diabetic Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Forty-two male Wistar rats were grouped into seven groups of six animals each. Experimental diabetes was induced in all rats except group 1, control. Groups 2-7 were orally administered 1mL of distilled water, 14.3 mg/kgG b.wt., metformin, 100 and 200 mg/kg b.wt., phenolics (SOLPE) and alkaloid (SOLAE) extracts of Senna occidentalis leaf respectively for 14 days. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey-post hoc test for multiple comparisons among means of five replicates at p<0.05 using GraphPad Prism version 6. Results: The results showed that the serum concentrations of uric acid, urea, cystatin C, creatinine, the renal concentration of tumour necrosis factor-" and malondialdehyde and parameters of oxidative stress which were compromised in the diabetic untreated rats were significantly reversed on treatment with SOLPE and SOLAE at 100 and 200 mg/kg b.wt. Conclusion: Thus, phenolic and alkaloid extracts of Senna occidentalis leaf possess ameliorative effects on the parameters of diabetic nephropathy in high-fat- diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and can be explored for the management of diabetic kidney disease.
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    Age-related Effects of Momordica charantia Leaf (Tea) Extract on Prostate Gland Health in Male Wistar Rats
    (African Scientist, 2022-12-31) Gbolahan O. Idowu, Mutiu A. Alabi, Fatai A. Kareem, Asiat Na’Allah, Taoheed A. Abdulsalam and Emmanuel O. Ajani
    Prostate disorders are age-related issues that are known to be influenced by sex hormones, diet, and lifestyle and stress. With increasing dissatisfaction with orthodox treatment methods, host of alternative therapies including medicinal plants are currently being employed. The present study investigated the effect of oral administration of aqueous extract of Momordica charantia leaf tea on prostate gland health. Rats were grouped into three age groups (young, adult, and old), each with control fed normal rat pellets and water only, and treated groups received 140 mg/kg body weight of M. charantia leaf extract daily for 40 days via the oral route. The animals were sacrificed on the last day and blood samples collected were analyzed for testosterone, prolactin, dehydroepiandrosterone level, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, lipid peroxidation and weights of prostate glands were also recorded. The extract produced no significant increase in body weight of the rats, increased testosterone in all the age groups, decreased prolactin concentration in the young and old age-groups while dehydroepiandrosterone level of the young age-rats significantly increased, those of the old-age rats decreased significantly. The extract significantly increased catalase and superoxide dismutase activities of rats and significantly decreased lipid peroxidase activity of the rats in the three age groups. The marginal positive effects on total body and prostate gland health recorded in this study suggest the usage and intake of M. charantia tea as a preventive measure against prostate disorders for a long period.
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    Antidiarrhoeal Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Aristolochia ringens Stem Bark in Castor Oil-Induced Diarrhoeal Albino Rats
    (2018) Rasheed Bolaji Ibrahim; Abdulhakeem Olanrewaju Sulyman; Fisayo Abraham Bamisaye; Lateefah Badrudeen Yusuf
    The antidiarrhoeal potentials of ethanolic extract of Aristolochia ringens stem back was evaluated in castor oil-induced diarrhoeal rats. The A. ringens stem back ethanolic extract was, in addition, screened for its phytoconstituents. Thirty albino rats of 150-180 g were randomized into six groups of five animals each for each of the three experiments and all administration were oral. Rats in groups I and II were administered 1.0 ml distilled water and 1% DMSO (Vehicle) respectively, while those in group III were administered 2.5 mg/kg b.wt loperamide hydrochloride as reference drug. Rats in groups IV, V and VI were administered 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg b.wt. ethanolic extract of A. ringens stem bark. The castor oil-induced diarrhoeal model was used, the weight and volume of the intestinal content was determined by enteropooling method and the intestinal motility was determined using activated charcoal method. The small intestine of the rats was also assessed for histopathological changes. The extract significantly and dose-dependently reduced the number of diarrhoeal faeces, the volume of intestinal accumulation and the distance moved by the fed charcoal in treated rats compared to the untreated diarrhoeal group (group II). The percentage inhibitions exhibited by the extract at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight were significantly higher than that of the reference drug. Furthermore, the photomicrograph of the intestine of the extract treated rats showed intact intestinal architecture. Hence, ethanolic extract of Aristolochia ringens stem bark may contain phytochemicals with better antidiarrhoeal potentials which can be explored in the development of more viable antidiarrhoeal agents.