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    Assessment of budget compliance: Evidence from the Nigerian public sector
    (African Accounting and Finance Association, 2024-10-28) Tajudeen Lawal; Adeoye Amuda Afolabi
    Purpose: Evidence suggests that the federal government annually budgets and appropriates amounts for both capital and recurrent expenditure to various ministries, departments, and agencies, yet there is no impact on the ordinary citizen on the street. The question is whether it is a result of non-compliance with budgets or other factors hindering budget compliance. In addition, the federal government introduced different policies to fast-track the process of budgeting and public expenditure; several factors have prolonged the period of the current economic recession. From the fiscal policy side, delays in budget approval and implementation are major challenges. Against this background, this study examines factors that influence budget compliance and in relationship with variance in Nigeria. Methodology: The data was gathered from secondary sources and analysed using the Engle-Granger co-integration test and the augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test (Units root test). Findings: The findings revealed that corruption, political stability, and type of government have a significant negative relationship with variance. Additionally, corruption and crude oil prices show a negative effect on actual total expenditure. However, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and revenue are positively significant with budget variance and actual total expenditure. Limitations/Implications: This study illustrates evidence relevance to the public and academic debates about how government should use all the institutions at their disposal to minimise corruption since corruption reduces the variance and actual total expenditure. In addition, since crude oil price hinder government expenditure, the federal government should focus more on other source of revenue for budget apart from crude oil. Originality: This study provides the effect of corruption, crude oil price, political stability and the type of government, as indicators for budget compliance on the variance and total actual expenditure. As a result, this study contributes to the literature in the area of budgeting system for the public sector in developing countries with specific focus on Nigeria.
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    Board gender diversity, human resources development and firm performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria
    (Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, Yusuf Maitama university Kano, 2024-05-31) Lawal Tajudeen; Daniya Adeiza Abdulazeez; , Kabiru Shuaibu; Mohammed Yabagi Ibrahim
    This study examines the direct impact of women on the board on firm performance of Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Nigeria as well as the moderating role of human resources development on the relationship between gender diversity and firm performance. The study adopted a sample size of ten (10) banks from a total population of fifteen (15) listed DMBs on the Nigerian Exchange Group and relevant research information was extracted from the annual reports and accounts of the sampled banks for a period of ten years from 2013 to 2022. Generalized Least Square (GLS) regression and robust Ordinary Least Square (OLS) techniques were used to test the study’s hypotheses. The results showed that board gender diversity has significant impact on Tobins Q but not on ROA of listed DMBs. It was also found that board independence has a positive and significant impact on performance. The finding of the study also revealed that human capital development used as moderating variable improved the positive impact of gender diversity on firm performance. The study recommends that the management of listed DBMs in Nigeria should increase the number of women on their board in order to influence their performance. Also, the study recommends that the management of the DMBs should increase the level of their spending employees’ training and development in order to improve/increase their performance.
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    Board attributes and intellectual capital disclosure of listed non-financial services firms in Nigeria
    (Kashere Journal of Management Sciences, 2022-09-29) Tajudeen Lawal
    Intellectual capital is a hidden asset that generates wealth for organisation but which are rarely shown in the financial statement of firms. This study therefore examines the impact of board attributes on intellectual capital disclosure of four hundred and forty-four firm-year observations of listed non financial services firms in Nigeria from 2011-2020. The study analysed the data by means of descriptive statistics to provide summary statistics for the variables. Similarly, the study adopted Robust Ordinary Least regressions to test the study hypotheses using STATA software. The regression results revealed that board gender and educational attributes have significant positive impact on intellectual capital disclosure. However, the study revealed that board ownership has no significant impact on intellectual capital disclosure of the firms. The study recommends that management should consider the inclusion of more women as part of the board of directors of the non-financial services firms in order to influence the decision to increase their intellectual capital disclosure. Also, in order to improve monitoring capacities and expertise diversity of the board towards improvement in intellectual capital, listed non-financial services firms in Nigeria should maintain the education level of the board members. Finally, the percentage of shares held by directors should be regulated by the firm's regulator in order to improve the intellectual capital disclosure of the firms
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    Board structure and asset quality of listed deposit money banks In Nigeria
    (Faculty of economic and Business, Universitas pendidikan Indonesia, 2019-04-27) Daniya Adeiza Abdulazeez; Lawal Tajudeen; Mohammed Yabagi
    . Board Structure (Board Size and Board Independence) of banks is an essential ingredient for ensuring healthy financial intermediation as well as effective management of banks’ asset quality. However, the asset quality of banks in Nigeria continues to deteriorate even amidst various efforts by regulatory authorities to sanitize the Nigerian banking industry. It is on the strength of this backdrop that this study examined the impact of Board structure (Board size and Independence) on the asset quality NPL and LDR) of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria for a period of 10 years (2008-2017). Data for the study were quantitatively retrieved from the annual reports and accounts of the fifteen (15) studied banks. Various robustness tests were carried out to ascertain; the existence of multi-collinearity or otherwise, fitness of the model and to establish the appropriate regression analysis that befits the study. Descriptive statistics, correlation and OLS Robust regression were used to describe and analyze the data. It was found that board structure proxies showed no significant impact on Asset Quality. The study therefore recommended among others that; board independent directors should be encouraged to take their responsibilities seriously in order to help improve banks’ asset quality
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    Outsourcing of internal auditing services and performance of organisations in Nigeria: A Conceptual Approach.
    (Faculty of Management and Social Sciences, Ibrahim Badamasi University, Lapai., 2020-06-30) Lukman Ojedele Lawal; Tajudeen Lawal; Eunice Oluganna
    The spate of corporate collapses and financial scandals has resulted in an increased focus on internal auditing as an important consideration for organisations. The basic role of internal auditing is to help management achieve company goals. It also provides assurance that management has implemented a satisfactory internal control system to prevent risks. It is observed that sourcing of internal audit services internally always leads to lack of independence by the staffs that provide these services since they are employees of the entity and under the control of management. In addition to that, the external auditors find it difficult to place reliance on the work performed by internal auditor. This study examines outsourcing of internal audit functions and performance of organisations in Nigeria by reviewing some selected studies from within and outside Nigeria. The objective of the study is to conduct a conceptual review (to determine how outsourcing of internal audit function affects performance of organisations in Nigeria based on the findings) of previous studies. This paper discovered from previous studies that outsourcing of internal audit functions is the remedy to efficiency, cost savings and reliability of internal audit services in every organisation. This study is of the opinion that more researches should be conducted on the topic in Nigeria and that organisations in Nigeria should key into outsourcing of their internal audit functions as this brings about cost saving, reliability of record as well as independence of opinion