Scholarly Publication
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Recent Submissions
Now showing 1 - 5 of 19
- ItemDERMATOGLYPHIC APPRAISAL OF MULTIPLE BIRTHS WOMEN IN IGBO-ORA AND OGBOMOSHO, SOUTH WEST, NIGERIA(Anatomy Journal of Africa, 2020) Olugbemi T. OlaniyanThe scientific study of epidermal ridges on the palms and toes is termed dermatoglyphics. Multiple births occur when more than one fetus results from a single pregnancy. This study is aimed at determining the relationship if any between multiple births and palmar flexion creases. Two hundred Igbo-Ora and one hundred Ogbomosho healthy and consenting adult female indigenes aged between 25-50 years were recruited and grouped into 4; group I consisted of multiple births women in Igbo Ora; group II consisted of single births women in Igbo-Ora; group III consisted of multiple births women in Ogbomosho; and group IV consisted of single births women in Ogbomosho. A total of 600 palms (Igbo-Ora n=400; Ogbomosho n=200) comprising of both hands were used in the study. Palm prints samples were obtained by asking the participants to wash their hands, towel dry them, after which they were stained with stamp ink pad and prints made on A4 paper in duplicates. Palm print patterns of 105 (Igbo-Ora) and 50 (Ogbomosho) women with multiple births were compared with 95 (Igbo-Ora) and 50 (Ogbomosho) women with single births. The percentage number of primary, P and intersection, I of palmar creases with complete transverse creases, C (PIC) 300 bilaterally was significantly greater (p < 0.005) in the hands of Igbo-Ora multiple births women (52.4 %) than their single births women (37.4%) while same trend was observed for Ogbomosho women although difference was statistically insignificant,(p > 0.005). In both Igbo-Ora and Ogbomosho women, PIC 310 bilaterally was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) in both hands of single births women than the multiple births women. Hence, dermatoglyphics can be said to have relationship with a woman’s tendency to giving birth to multiples.
- ItemSynthesis and characterisation of steroidal inhibitors of-amylase,-glucosidase and oxidative species(Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2019) Olugbemi T. OlaniyanBACKGROUND:Management of cellular metabolism and blood glucose levels are significant in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and oxidative diseases. Consequently, steroid and peptide hormone-based drugs such as methylprednisolone and insulin have been the most effective and safe methods of treatment. OBJECTIVE: Our study investigated the digestive enzymes and oxidative species inhibitory potentials of seven derived biologically important steroids. METHODS: Syntheses of the steroidal inhibitors (SIs) were accomplished by functional group transformations. Char acterisation of SIs was achieved by spectroscopic techniques; followed by in-vitro enzyme and oxidative suppression studies. RESULTS: NMRdata revealed the presence of a steroid backbone, azomethine, carbonyl, and oxymethine peaks while the vibrational bands were further confirmed by the FTIR. The enzyme suppression activities of the SIs were influenced by the presence of histidine residue and free proton groups. However, the antioxidant activities were solely dependent on the free proton groups on the steroid backbone or the number of the histidine side chain. SIs [3, 4, and 6] exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on the enzyme activities compared to SIs [1, 2, 5, and 7], while a potent antioxidant activity was reported by SI [5]. CONCLUSIONS:Generally,SIswithhydroxyland-aminoacidfunctionalitieshaveastrongaffinityfor the enzymeactive site than the substrate; hence, the hydrolysis of the-1,4-glycosidic bonds of saccharide was hindered. In vivo administration of SIs [3, 4, and 6] should take into cognizance the suppression effect at doses ≤939.49 g/mL as well as the potential to induce abnormal bacterial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates in the colon at high concentration.
- ItemCocos nucifera L. oil alleviates lead acetate induced reproductive toxicity in sexually-matured male Wistar rats(J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacology de gruyter, 2021) Olugbemi T. OlaniyanObjectives: Lead primarily affects male reproductive functions via hormonal imbalance and morphological damagetothetesticulartissuewithsignificantalterationin sperm profile and oxidative markers. Though, different studies have reported that Cocos nucifera L. oil has a wide range of biological effects, this study aimed at investi gating the effect of Cocos nucifera L. oil on lead acetate induced reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty (20) sexually matured male Wistar rats (55–65 days) were randomly distributed into four groups (n=5). Group I (negative control)—distilled water orally for 56 days, Group II (positive control)—5 mg/kg bwt lead acetate intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 14 days, Group III— 6.7 mL/kg bwt Cocos nucifera L. oil orally for 56 days and Group IV—lead acetate intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 14 days and Cocos nucifera L. oil for orally for 56 days. Rats were sacrificedbydiethylether,afterwhichtheserum,testisand epididymis were collected and used for semen analysis, biochemical and histological analysis. Results: The lead acetate significantly increases (p<0.05) testicular and epididymal malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, whileasignificantreduction(p<0.05)inspermparameters, organ weight, testosterone and luteinizing hormone was observed when compared with the negative control. The coadministration of Cocos nucifera oil with lead acetate significantly increases (p<0.05) testosterone, luteinizing hormone, sperm parameters and organ weight, with a significant decrease (p<0.05) in MDA levels compared with positive control. Histological analysis showed that lead acetate distorts testicular cytoarchitecture and germ cell integrity while this was normalized in the cotreated group. Conclusions: Cocos nucifera oil attenuates the deleterious effects of lead acetate in male Wistar rats, which could be attributed to its polyphenol content and antioxidant properties.
- ItemOvarian Metabolic activity in Dehydroepiandrosterone-Induced Polycystic Ovary in Wistar rats Treated with Aspirin(JBRA Assisted Reproduction, 2019) Olugbemi T OlaniyanObjectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rep resents 75% of the cases of anovulatory infertility. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of aspirin on de hydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) - induced polycystic ovary syndrome in Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty eight (28) pre-pubertal female Wis tar rats of 21 days old weighing 16 - 21 g were divided into 4 groups (7 rats/group) and treated as follows; group I received distilled water and served as Control; Group II re ceived 6 mg/100 g body weight DHEA in 0.2 ml of oil sub cutaneously to induce PCOS. Group III received 7.5 mg/ kg of aspirin orally; Group IV received 6 mg/100kg of body weight of DHEA in 0.2ml of oil subcutaneously and 7.5 mg/ kg of aspirin orally. After 15 days of administration, the rats were slaughtered by cervical dislocation. Blood sam ples and ovaries were collected for reproductive hormonal analysis, biochemical and histopathological analysis. The expressions of mRNA androgen receptor (AR) gene in the ovary were determined by real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). All the data was an alyzed using one way ANOVA with the Graph pad prism software version 6. A p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The results obtained showed that dehydroe piandrosterone treatment caused significant decrease (p<0.05) in total protein, superoxide Dismutase (SOD), glutathione-s- transferase (GST), Ca2+ ATPase, and signif icant increase (p<0.05) in malondialdehyde, vascular en dothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor and estrogen as compared to Controls. The group co-administered with DHEA and aspirin showed significant increases in SOD, GST, CAT, GSH, Progesterone, Ca2+ ATPase, Na+ ATPase, H+ ATPase and significant reduction (p<0.05) in malondi aldehyde, VEGF, TNF-α and estrogen as compared with the DHEA group. The histopathological analysis showed reduc tions in cystic fibrosis, atretic ovaries, increased expression of Bcl-2 and E- Cadherin and reduced Bax expression in the group that received Aspirin and DHEA. Conclusion: This study clearly demonstrates that Aspirin has ameliorating effects against polycystic ovary syndrome via anti-inflammatory and hormonal modulatory pathways.
- ItemBiocomposites for aerospace engineering applications(Elsevier, 2023) Olugbemi T. OlaniyanThe need to replace synthetic-derived materials has increased significantly due to the recent advancements in natural fiber reinforced polymer composites in the automotive, gas and oil, construction, electronics, and aerospace industries. However, the widespread use of biomaterials has been limited by their poor flame retardant (FR) properties. There is an increased demand from automotive and aero space industries to produce environmentally friendly bio-based materials with non halogenated self-extinguishing properties. Studies have shown that enhancing the FR characteristics of biomaterials can increase their adaptability in aerospace indus try. This chapter focuses on the emerging technologies utilized for biocomposite, biopolymer, and biofiber production and their applications in the aerospace industry.