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- ItemOvarian Metabolic activity in Dehydroepiandrosterone-Induced Polycystic Ovary in Wistar rats Treated with Aspirin(JBRA Assisted Reproduction, 2019) Olugbemi T OlaniyanObjectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rep resents 75% of the cases of anovulatory infertility. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of aspirin on de hydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) - induced polycystic ovary syndrome in Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty eight (28) pre-pubertal female Wis tar rats of 21 days old weighing 16 - 21 g were divided into 4 groups (7 rats/group) and treated as follows; group I received distilled water and served as Control; Group II re ceived 6 mg/100 g body weight DHEA in 0.2 ml of oil sub cutaneously to induce PCOS. Group III received 7.5 mg/ kg of aspirin orally; Group IV received 6 mg/100kg of body weight of DHEA in 0.2ml of oil subcutaneously and 7.5 mg/ kg of aspirin orally. After 15 days of administration, the rats were slaughtered by cervical dislocation. Blood sam ples and ovaries were collected for reproductive hormonal analysis, biochemical and histopathological analysis. The expressions of mRNA androgen receptor (AR) gene in the ovary were determined by real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). All the data was an alyzed using one way ANOVA with the Graph pad prism software version 6. A p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The results obtained showed that dehydroe piandrosterone treatment caused significant decrease (p<0.05) in total protein, superoxide Dismutase (SOD), glutathione-s- transferase (GST), Ca2+ ATPase, and signif icant increase (p<0.05) in malondialdehyde, vascular en dothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor and estrogen as compared to Controls. The group co-administered with DHEA and aspirin showed significant increases in SOD, GST, CAT, GSH, Progesterone, Ca2+ ATPase, Na+ ATPase, H+ ATPase and significant reduction (p<0.05) in malondi aldehyde, VEGF, TNF-α and estrogen as compared with the DHEA group. The histopathological analysis showed reduc tions in cystic fibrosis, atretic ovaries, increased expression of Bcl-2 and E- Cadherin and reduced Bax expression in the group that received Aspirin and DHEA. Conclusion: This study clearly demonstrates that Aspirin has ameliorating effects against polycystic ovary syndrome via anti-inflammatory and hormonal modulatory pathways.
- ItemBiocomposites for aerospace engineering applications(Elsevier, 2023) Olugbemi T. OlaniyanThe need to replace synthetic-derived materials has increased significantly due to the recent advancements in natural fiber reinforced polymer composites in the automotive, gas and oil, construction, electronics, and aerospace industries. However, the widespread use of biomaterials has been limited by their poor flame retardant (FR) properties. There is an increased demand from automotive and aero space industries to produce environmentally friendly bio-based materials with non halogenated self-extinguishing properties. Studies have shown that enhancing the FR characteristics of biomaterials can increase their adaptability in aerospace indus try. This chapter focuses on the emerging technologies utilized for biocomposite, biopolymer, and biofiber production and their applications in the aerospace industry.
- ItemVitamin C suppresses ovarian pathophysiology in experimental polycystic ovarian syndrome(Elsevier - PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, 2019) Olugbemi T. OlaniyanBackground: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), also known as the Stein-Leventhal syndrome is one of the most common causes of anovulation, infertility and hyperandrogenism in women, affecting between 5–10 % of women of reproductive age (12–35 years) worldwide. Despite substantial effort to define the cause of PCOS, its pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Consequently, determining the mech anisms of PCOS and the possible treatment is the major goal of medical research in endocrine and reproductive physiology. Aim: To investigate the mechanism of ovarian metabolic changes in dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) induced polycystic ovary in Wistar rats treated with vitamin C. Methods: Twenty-eight immature female Wistar rats weighing (16–21 g) were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7/group): group I served as control and was given water, group II were injected with DHEA (6 mg/100 g in 0.2 ml corn oil subcutaneously to induce PCOS condition), group III received 150 mg/kg BW of Vitamin C orally, group IV were co-administered with 6 mg/kg BW DHEA in 0.2 ml of corn oil subcutaneously and 150 mg/kg BW of Vitamin C orally. All treatments lasted for 15 days. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood samples and ovaries were collected for reproductive hormonal analysis, biochemical and histopathological analysis. The expressions of mRNA androgen receptor gene in the ovary were determined by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. All data were analysed using one-way ANOVA. Results: There was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the antioxidant and metabolic enzyme activity in the DHEA treated group compared with the control group. DHEA co-administration with Vitamin C showed a significant decrease in Malondialdehyde, cytokines and Estrogen and a significant increase (p < 0.05) in antioxidant and metabolic enzymes compared with DHEA treated group only. The histopathological evaluation demonstrates a reduction in cystic and atretic ovaries, increased expression of Bcl2and E Cadherin with a reduction in Bax expression in the group co-administered with DHEA and Vitamin C. The DHEA group showed overexpression of mRNA Androgen Receptor gene in the ovaries compared to the control group. Conclusion: This study shows that Vitamin C plays a protective role against DHEA-Induced Polycystic Ovary in Wistar rats via its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.
- ItemModulatory Role of Vitamin E on Proton Pump (ATPase) Activity of Cadmium Chloride-Induced Testicular Damage in Wistar Rats(Hindawi BioMed Research International, 2021) Olugbemi T. OlaniyanProton pumps are membrane-bound enzymes important in generating gradients that help in maintaining cellular ion homeostasis, cell membrane potential, water, and solute transport across the cell surface. This study investigated the modulatory role of vitamin E on proton pump activity and reproductive parameters in cadmium-induced testicular damage. Twenty (20) male Wistar rats weighing between 180 and 200g were sorted into 4 groups of five rats each. Group I served as the control and was given normal saline orally, Group II rats were treated with a single dose of 2mg/kg BW cadmium chloride (CdCl2) intraperitoneally, Group III rats were given 100mg/kg BW of vitamin E orally, and Group IV rats were given 100mg/kg BW of vitamin E orally for 30 days prior to intraperitoneal administration of single dose of 2mg/kg BW of cadmium chloride. The rats were anaesthetized with diethyl ether, and blood samples were obtained for sex hormonal analysis; caudal epididymis was dissected for sperm count, motility, and viability, and the testis were homogenized for lipid peroxidation and proton pump (Na+/K+ ATPase, Ca2+ ATPase, and Mg2+ ATPase) activity. Proton pump activity was assayed spectrophotometrically using the Stewart method to determine the inorganic phosphate level. Histopathological changes of the testis were also studied. The group treated with CdCl2 showed a significant (p <0:05) decrease in proton pump activity, sperm count, and motility and a significant (p <0:05) increase in malondialdehyde level when compared with the control group. The CdCl2-treated group also showed decrease reproductive organ weights and hormonal levels and cause necrosis of spermatogonia lining the seminiferous tubules. Rats treated with vitamin E orally for 30 days prior to CdCl2 exposure showed improvement in proton pump activity, a significant (p<0:05) increase in sperm parameters and luteinizing hormonal level, and a decrease in the lipid peroxidation level as compared with the CdCl2 group. This study showed that vitamin E ameliorated the toxic effect of CdCl2 on proton pump activity in the testes, hence improving testicular integrity, structures, and functions.
- ItemVitamin E modulates androgen receptor gene expression to attenuate ovarian dysfunctions in a rat model of dehydroepiandrosterone-induced polycystic ovary(Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction - Wolters Kluwer- Medknow., 2023)Objective: To investigate the protective effect of vitamin E in dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced polycystic ovary in rats. Methods: Premature female Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups, with 7 rats in each group. Group栺 received corn oil (vehicle) and served as the control group; group栻 received 0.2 mL of 0.06 mg/g DHEA in corn oil; group栿 received 200 mg/kg vitamin E; group 桇 received DHEA plus vitamin E. All treatments lasted for 15 days, with DHEA administered subcutaneously, while vitamin E and corn oil were administered orally. After the experiment, serum samples and ovaries were harvested for biochemical, immunohistochemical, hormonal, and histological analysis. The ovarian mRNA expression of androgen receptor was analyzed by reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results: The antioxidant and metabolic enzyme activity significantly decreased in the DHEA-treated rats compared to the control rats (P<0.05). Administration of vitamin E to DHEA treated rats significantly decreased cytokines and malondialdehyde compared to the DHEA-treated rats. The histological analysis showed reduced atretic and cystic ovaries, increased E-cadherin and Bcl-2 expression, and reduced expression of Bax in the DHEA treated rats co-treated with vitamin E. The mRNA expression of androgen receptor was upregulated in the DHEA-treated rats compared to the control rats. Conclusions: Vitamin E ameliorates the hyperandrogenic effect of DHEA-induced polycystic ovaries via metabolic, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic pathways.