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- ItemAdvances in utilization of carbon-dioxide for food preservation and storage(Elsevier, 2023) Adeshina FadeyibiUtilization of carbon-dioxide (CO2) in post-harvest value chain is a subject of interest among stakeholders in the food industry. In this paper, current and future applications of the CO2, including food storage, animal stunning, skin tanning, blasting dry ice, and controlled storage atmosphere (CSA) were reviewed. The technique applies to quality preservation during food drying and inactivation of enzymes, like polyphenol oxidase, and lipoxygenase, which are accountable for the loss of color and flavor in beverages. It also applies to plant and animal management, including inspection and control of facilities, cleaning of skin products, and protection of cereals and horticultural crops against attacks by insects, pests, and microbes. However, it may not be appropriate for food transportation and retail storage due to the use of sophisticated facilities. Thus, a simplified equipment was recommended to facilitate management of the storage system. Also, it was suggested to investigate the influence of the dry ice pretreatment on microstructural properties, vibration loadings and rheological stability of the stored foods as a way-forward for further studies. A high-pressure CO2 technique was proposed for treatment of fouling in facilities used for food preservation and storage.
- ItemAn Experimental Investigation into the Effects of Using Partially Substituted Cassava Peel Ash for Cement in Concrete(COVENANT JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY (CJET), 2024-07-02) Abdulwahab Rasheed, Odeyemi O. Samson, Olawale A. Mokanmiyo, Adisa O. Michael, Bamigboye O. Michael & Aderinto E. Gbenga.When placed in landfills, agricultural wastes have been a significant source of contamination to the environment. The rate of consumption of cement being an essential part of concrete cannot be overemphasized. There is need to explore alternative supplementary binding material which is eco-friendly and sustainable towards the production of green concrete. The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of using cassava peel ash (CPA) as a partial cement substitute in concrete. The partial replacement was achieved in differing percentages of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% by weight of cement in the M20 concrete mix, making use of mix ratio 1:1.5:3. The batched concrete mix samples were cast in cube and cylinder moulds of 100 x 100 x 100mm and 100 by 200 mm respectively and cured for 7, 14, 28, 56 and 90 days. On the fresh concrete mixtures, slump tests were carried out and the split tensile and compressive strengths of the cured concrete cylinders and cubes were evaluated respectively. In the findings derived from the slump test, it is evident that with the incremental augmentation of the percentage replacement of (CPA) within the concrete mixture, there is a discernible augmentation in the workability of the resultant mixture. The results indicated that at 1% cassava peel ash (CPA) replacement, the optimal compressive strength and split tensile strength values were 32.9 N/mm² and 3.9 N/mm², respectively. These values are comparable to those of the control mix with compressive and tensile strength values of 33.1 N/mm² and 4.1 N/mm², respectively. This research investigation unveils the potential suitability of (CPA) as a prospective partial substitute for cement within the composition of a concrete mixture.
- ItemAn Investigation on Durability Properties of Concrete From Selected Argo-Based Materials as Pozzolanas(Civil Engineering Beyond Limits, 2025-01-12) Wilson Uwemedimo Nyong, Nuhu Abubakar Eneye, Adeyemi Festus Oluwasogo,Odeyemi Samson Olalekan, Nurudeen YusufThis research examines the properties and durability of green and hardened concrete incorporating selected agro-based pozzolans: rice husk ash, locust bean pod ash, sugarcane bagasse, soya bean pod ash, and maize cob ash. These pozzolans were calcined and analyzed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to replace cement in concrete cubes, which were cured over 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The findings indicate that all pozzolans meet ASTM C618 requirements. Specifically, rice husk ash, sugarcane bagasse, and maize cob ash qualify as Class C pozzolana, while locust bean ash and soya bean ash are classified as Class F. The inclusion of these pozzolans increased the consistency, initial, and final setting times of cement. Consistencies ranged from 33% to 39.5%, with initial setting times from 74 to 225 minutes and final setting times from 152 to 400 minutes. The selected pozzolans slightly reduced the workability of the concrete but enhanced its durability, significantly improving resistance against aggressive media, including H2SO4, NaCl, and wastewater, at a 10% replacement level. This study highlights the potential of agro-based pozzolans as sustainable alternatives to conventional cement, offering environmental benefits and improving concrete performance in harsh conditions.
- ItemAnalysis of Sanitation and Waterborne Disease Occurrence in Ondo State, Nigeria(Springer, 2022) Hussein Adedoyin Adegoke; Habeeb Solihu; Solomon Olakunle Bilewu
- ItemApplication of Accelerated Carbonation and water curing for development of superplasticed Self Compacting Concrete(2022) Odeyemi S.O, Amoo A.I, Abdulwahab R., Adedeji A. AThe growing shortage of raw materials coupled with the vital requirement to shield the ecosystem from pollution has heightened the need to develop novel construction materials from agricultural wastes. Therefore, the goal of this work was to determine the properties of GCHA blended Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) using Accelerated Carbonation Curing (ACC) and water curing methods. Portland limestone cement, Guinea Corn Husk Ash (GCHA), sand, water and granite dust were tested for fineness, coarseness, specific gravity before being used to produce the concrete samples. The concrete was also investigated for its flowability parameters. Also, Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (EDXRF, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were carried out to determine the properties of the GCHA. The mix ratios for the self compacting concrete were developed and optimized to obtain an optimal compressive strength. The optimum combinations of percentage of GCHA and cement in ACC that gave a compressive strength of 21.369 N/mm2 in 56 days are 25 % and 412.5 kg/m3 respectively. The flowability properties such as slump flow T50 was obtained at 5 seconds, slump flow was 690 mm, L box was 0.88mm and V-funnel was 6 seconds for ACC. The optimum combinations of percentage of GCHA and cement in WC that gave a compressive strength of 19.6274 N/mm2 in 56 days are 25 % and 412.5 kg/m3 respectively. The flowability properties such as slump flow T50 was obtained at 6 seconds, slump flow was 700 mm, L-box was 0.81mm and V funnel was 5 seconds for WC. Therefore, the optimal combinations for ACC and WC can be used in reinforced concrete production.
- ItemAPPLICATION OF MAIZE STARCH-PEANUT SHELL NANOCOMPOSITE PACKAGING ON MUSHROOM UNDER VARYING MOISTURE, THICKNESS, AND COLD STORAGE(2023) Adeshina Fadeyibi; Kehinde Peter Alabi; Mary Fadeyibi; Taiwo Olusola AsaniyiIn this research, a maize starch-peanut shell nanocomposite film was applied to package mushroom under varying moisture, thickness, and cold temperature conditions. The film was developed by congealing 18 g starch, 0.38 g peanut nanoparticles, 16 g glycerol in 300 ml distilled water at 70oC, and its thermal, mechanical, barrier and microstructural behaviors were determined using standard methods. The film was applied to package oyster mushroom by varying the thickness (5– 10 mm) and moisture content (77.18 –91.14 %, wb) of the product, and thereafter storing it under 4– 8 oC cold temperature condition. The results revealed ~ 5% weight fraction degradation at ≤ 310 oC with endothermic peaks occurring at 250 oC and 400 oC, which corresponds to phase transition points where the film was thermally stable. The deformation pattern of the film at atomic level mimics a natural plastic material, with a heterogeneous particle size distribution across the film matrix. The permeability coefficients were 0.68× 10-10, 2.10× 10-10 and 14.0× 10-10 cm3 (STP) cm/cm2scm Hg for nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon-dioxide, gases, respectively. Also, the microbial load of the packaged product significantly decreased with an increase pH, moisture, and temperature (p< 0.05). Thus, the film can be suitable for mushroom packaging.
- ItemAssessment of Flow Rate of Motorcycle in Ibrahim Taiwo Road, Ilorin Metropolitan City-Northern, Nigeria(Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 2021) Biliyamin A. Ibitoye, Mariam Funmilayo Daudu, Nurudeen A. Ibrahim, Nurudeen A. Adeyemoh, and Mukaila B. KazeemSharing of lanes by motorcyclists can cause injuries to their body because of the exposure of the part of the body due to the design of motorcycle. Due to lane sharing by motorcyclists’ fatal accident may occurred which can lead to death of the motorcyclists and lane splitting leads to confusion at intersections. Road accident in Nigeria is attributed to many reckless motorcyclists and absence on motorcycle lane forming part of the road. Motorcycle lane design and construction are important to reduce road accident claiming lives and causing causalities. This justifies the study on motorcycle lane design considering geometric features, traffic data and road users as elements of the design. Raw data were collected at Ibrahim Taiwo road Ilorin from four different sections, A,B,C and D using video recording from Monday to Sunday at the peak hours of 7am-9am in the morning and 2pm-4pm in the afternoon.
- ItemAssessment of Index Properties of Lateritic Soils in Offa for Road Construction Works(Global Scientiric Journals, 2020) J.A. Ige, B.A. Ibitoye and M.B. KazeemLateritic soils are the most common surface deposits occurring in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The index properties of lateritic soil of selected borrow pits in Offa, Nigeria for road construction works has been investigated. Specific gravity, natural moisture content, particle size distribution and Atterberg limits tests were conducted on the samples taken from the borrow pits/lateritic deposits. The results revealed that the specific gravity of the soil samples has been classified as inorganic soils. The natural moisture content of samples A to D, are within the average specified limit for road constructions while sample E does not conform to the specified range (which is an indication of high water adsorption capability of the soil material). The soils of samples A and B; and C and E, fall under group A-6 and A-7-6, respectively, suggesting poor road construction material. However, soil samples D fall under group A-2-7 classification suggesting good road construction material. Soil samples A, B, C, and D are within the maximum standard limit of liquid limit, thereby making them suitable for subgrade, subbase and base materials. While sample E value is above 50% rendering it unsuitable materials.
- ItemAssessment of the Anthropogenic Activities Impacts on the Water Quality of Asa River: A Case Study of Amilengbe Area, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria(Elsevier, 2022) Habeeb Solihu; Solomon Olakunle Bilewu
- ItemAssessment of Water Resources Availability and Demand in Malete Watershed, North-Central Nigeria(Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria, 2019-12-19) Ganiyu, H.O., Adeogun, A.G. and Ahmed, I.A.Water is one of the basic human needs and it is imperative for sustaining quality of life. If water is not properly managed, it can lead to its scarcity. In recent times, there has been high demand for water in Malete community due to the establishment of Kwara State University which attracts small scale industries and housing estates. This study assesses the water availability and water demand in Malete watershed using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model coupled with Mapwindow GIS. The hydrological process of the watershed was performed using 30 years weather data obtained from Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET) and spatial data which include Soil map, Land use map and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) to determine the quantity of available water resource in the watershed. Water demand wasalso determined with average water demand per capita and projected population. Geometric growth rate method was employed to estimate the projected population based on domestic and public factors and the population data was obtained from National Bureau of statistics. From the result, the future water demand was estimated at 3.05 × 104 m3/day while the available water resources was 1.89 × 105 m3/day. Thus, the result indicated that the water in the watershed is sufficient to cater for the projected water demand.
- ItemAvailability, Coverage, and Access to the Potable Water Supply in Oyo State Nigeria(Elsevier, 2021) Habeeb Solihu; Solomon Olakunle Bilewu
- ItemBOND AND FLEXURAL STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF PARTIALLY REPLACED SELF-COMPACTING PALM KERNEL SHELL CONCRETE(2019) Odeyemi S.O, Abdulwahab R., Abdulsalam A.A, Anifowose M.ASelf-compacting concrete (SCC) is an innovative concrete that has helped in overcoming challenges associated with vibrated concrete such as congested reinforcements, noise from vibrators, and cost of hiring vibrators. This research examined the bond strength between partially replaced Self Compacting Palm Kernel Shell (SCPKS) concrete and high yield reinforcing bars wherein the granite content of the concrete was replaced by 50% of palm kernel shell (total replacement disintegrated on removal of mould). SCPKS concrete specimens of mix ratios 1:2:4, 1:1.5:3 and 1:1:2 were produced and cured for 7 days, 21 days and 28 days at water to cement ratio (w/c) of 0.5 and 0.6 respectively. Flow, bond strength, and flexural tests were conducted on the samples. The highest bond strength was recorded for mix ratio 1:1:2 at w/c of 0.5 when tested at 28 days with a value of 5.56 N/mm2. This value is 0.072% higher than the 28th day strength of 5.52 N/mm2 for SCC without replacement of the granite content. Also, the highest flexural strength was recorded for mix ratio 1:1:2 at w/c of 0.5 when tested at 28 days with a value of 6.88 N/mm2. It was concluded that palm kernel shell can be safely used for partial replacement in SCC.
- ItemBuilding Collapse in Nigeria (2009- 2019), Causes and Remedies – A Review(2019) Odeyemi S. O., Giwa Z.T., Abdulwahab R.There has been incessant collapse of buildings in Nigeria which has led to the loss of many lives. Many of these incidences were not analyzed based on their frequencies per year, height of the structures, causes of collapse and geopolitical zones of occurrence. Therefore, this study investigated the number of collapsed buildings in Nigeria from 2009 to 2019, based on the factors highlighted above. Published journal articles, conference proceedings, academic reports and newspapers were reviewed to obtain the data used for the analysis. The results show that the leading causes of building collapse within the period are structural defects. The highest rate of collapse occurred in 2014 while 2016 has the highest number of lives lost. It was also noted that the rate of collapse is predominant in the south west which recorded 34 collapses (60.71% of the total collapse during the years under review) and 132 lives lost (64.08% of total lives lost during the period under review). It was recommended that the SON (Standard Organization of Nigeria) should ensure that only certified building materials are allowed in the market, soil tests, Environmental Impact Analysis and structural analysis should be mandatory and proper supervision of construction works by competent professionals should be ensured.
- ItemBuilding collapse in Nigeria (2009-2019) Causes and remedies - A review(2019-06-25) Samson Olalekan Odeyemi and zainab Tolu Giwa
- ItemCement Soil Stabilization as an Improvement Technique for Rail Track Subgrade, and highway subbase and base courses: A Review(Journal of Civil & Environmental Engineering, 2020) Habeeb Solihu
- ItemCharacterization and Effects of Nanosilica on Consistency and Setting Times of Metakaolin Blended Cement Mortar(2021) Raheem A.A, Abdulwahab R., Kareem M.AThe idea of sourcing for innovative construction Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM) in concrete or mortar cannot be overemphasized. Metakaolin has always been used to replace cement in concrete or mortar batching on site. This research investigated the properties of factory produced blended cement using metakaolin obtained from three different sources and consider effects of nanosilica on blended cement mortar. The kaolin clay sourced from Ijero, Ikere, and Isan in Ekiti states were calcined at 700 ˚C for 1 hour and thereafter, charac terized using X-Ray Fluorescence Analyser (XRF) and X-Ray Diffraction Anal ysis (XRD). Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) clinker and 10% metakaolin were used to produce blended cement. Liquid nanosilica was synthesized from cola pod extract and silica precursor in ratio 1:5. A cement-sand ratio of 1:3 and water/binder ratio of 0.5 were used to produce metakaolin blended cement mor tar with addition of nanosilica in varying percentages of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% by weight of the binder. The setting times and water demand of the blended cement mortar were determined. The results revealed that the setting times and water demand were observed to reduce as the percentage of nanosilica was increased to a level of 4%. In addition, results of the XRF classified metakaolin as class N pozzolans with the addition of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 greater than 70%. Also, the SO3 for all the clay was found to be less than 4% and the peak intensities as re flected on the XRD showing the amorphous nature of the silica.