Department Of Arabic Language and Literature

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A LITERARY STUDY OF SOCIAL THEMES IN MAQĀMĀT AL-ILŌRĪ
(2022-11) Jamiu Muhammad Yunus
Maqāmah is a prosimetric literary genre very popular in Arabic literature and well accepted among scholars of literature across the Islamic world. It is a genre alternating ryhmic prose (sajc) and poetry as the narrative style in its presentation. The genre had been in deep and long hibernation until very recently, especially in Nigeria; the reason for its revival could be because maqāmah is a precursor to prosaic literary writing among Muslim scholars. The genre, among Arabs, used to be for demonstration of flowery ability to express literary contents; it is often short and ornamental but replete with moral themes. The genre is well embraced among Nigerian Muslim scholars of Yoruba extraction because it suites their folkloric heritage: the Yoruba culture of telling tales by moonlight to young children before dinner makes maqāmah very adaptive to their environment. The concern of this paper is to study the sociological themes in a collection of maqāmāt written by Muhammad Awwal bin Abdus-Salaam. Literature being a social document and prism through which society could be viewed in a very crystal manner; the study chose two maqāmahs for the purpose of discussing how the writer has succeeded in making his work a true reflection of his society. One of the maqāmahs discusses a national crisis that enveloped a state in the recent past where many lives were lost in Kaduna, with hoodlums hiding under religion to perpetuate the mayhem of catastrophic consequence. The other maqāmah has as its themes guidance and advice of Muslim scholars on how to get steady and sustainable means of income instead of hinging their survival on the society all in the name of being religion scholars. The paper concludes with a critique of literary styles of the writer to appraise its conformity with standard ways of writing maqāmahs.
A Pragmatic Analysis of Selected Campaign Posters of the Two Major Nigerian Political Parties
(Issues in Language and Literary Studies, 2022) Moshood Zakariyah
A study of the social and health damages of smoking in the Diwan of "Al-Riyadh" by the poet Issa Alabi Abu Bakr
(jnal, Egypt, 2022) Tajudeen Yusuf
This article aims to study a poem entitled "The Scourge of the Age" in the Diwan of "Al-Riyadh", those literary works of the poet Issa Albi Abu Bakr, the genius writer of the modern poets in Arabic in Nigeria. This article dealt with one of the social-health issues prevalent in society and represented in the pests of smoking and its harms and negative effects on individuals and society in the poetry of the poet Iss Albi Abu Bakr, and the approach followed in the study is the descriptive approach prevalent in literary studies, the aim of which is to highlight the role of African poets, especially from the sons of Nigeria is in the service of society like other contemporary Arab poets. The study shows that the poet Issa Albi Abu Bakr has a dominant position among African writers nterested in contemporary social issues in order to build a human society and establish values.
Arabic and Non-Arabic Elements in the Ilorin Dialect of Yoruba
(Department of Linguistics and Nigerian LLanguages, University of Ilorin, Ilorin., 2011) AbdulRazaq M. Katibi
AT-TA’ĀWUN ROKḻZAH LI AL-HAYĀH: DIRĀSAH TAHLḻLIYAH LI AL-MATṠAL AL-ARABY
(2023)
Abstract: Many Arabic proverbs emphasize the importance of collaboration and its influence on the progress and development of humans and society. This study chooses proverbs as the object of study because of their wide distribution and universality. This paper aims to study the Arabic proverb al-yadu al-wahidah la tushaffiq, which gives advice about human life, experience, and many lessons. It discusses the various forms of human collaboration in society. This paper is qualitative descriptive research. The data collection technique in this research is the documentation technique. As for the data analysis technique used, it includes reading, categorization, and interpretation, as well as concluding. This research shows that al-yadu al-wahidah la tushaffiq proverb shows the importance of cooperation between human beings. Humanity is complete and can only progress with collaboration and teamwork. Al-yadu al-wahidah la tushaffiq proverb shows that collaboration can take various forms: community cooperation, security cooperation, peace cooperation, and economic cooperation. Keywords: Arabic proverb, human collaboration, society
Contemporary Arabic Novelists and Social Responsibility: a Peep into AlHijri’s Al-Sayyid Al-Raees
(2014-03) Jamiu Muhammad Yunusa
Novel writing in Arabic language is a contemporary effort in Arabic literature of Nigerian authorship. This, however, is not strange because of the fact that the genre in global Arabic literature is equally not very old. It is however note worthy how writers use Arabic in purely literary ways to convey social messages. Novel writing, most especially, is being explored to champion the discharge of the responsibility thrust on writers as shapers of the society. One of such writers is an upcoming novelist, Hamid al-Hijri. This paper aims at analyzing the positive roles modern writers in Arabic play to socialize their readers and bring them to the realm of wider awareness devoid of religious jingoism, using Al-Sayyid Al-Raees as a case study.
DOMESTICATION OF ARABIC PROSE IN NIGERIA
(2012) Muhammed Yunusa Jamiu
Prose is not alien to Arabic writings of Nigerian authorship. There is,however, preponderance of poems in Arabic writings of Nigerian descent.That poetry is more embraced could be due to many factors, chief amongwhich is that it is easy to memorize. The metric and rhythmic nature ofArabic poem coupled with lyrical tendencies of many Nigerians make poemeasy for them to compose. The musical attributes of poetry make it a veryefficient means of disseminating message; hence the huge reliance on it byearly scholars of Arabic for their teachings. It is also a historical fact thatpoetry preceded prose in germinating in every human society. Anotherimportant reason that endeared poetry to the ancient writers was that theywere more in contact with poetic works of the Arabs than prosaic materials.The themes of ancient Arabic writings both poetry and prose, were almostsynonymous in the sense that they were didactic, meant to teach religiousrituals. Many works of the forerunners in using Arabic language attest to thisas we can see in the preface to the famous Ihya' us-Sunnah of Uthman binFodio, where he stated that his intention was only to revive the prophetictraditions. In other words, many of the prosaic works of the early scholarswere confined to religious issues. This has made it very uncommon to findArabic writings that were principally aimed at discussing other themes apartfrom religious matters.The emergence of Shaykh Adam Abdullahi Al-Ilory brought aboutreform and transformation of Arabic prosaic writings in Nigeria. The concernof this paper therefore, is the study of selected themes from Al-Ilory's worksin his efforts to domesticate Arabic prose writing. The paper is divided intofive sections namely introduction; short biography of Al-Ilory; synopsis of the selected works; analysis of the works and conclusion.
Domestication of Arabo-Islamic Words in the Ilọrin Dialect of Yorùbá
(Department of History, Unviversity of Texas at Austin, U.S.A, 2021-10) AbdulRazaq M. Katibi
Language is a dynamic phenomenon which develops-among other things with the introduction of new concept. Yoruba language-like many other living languages- has developed for its ability to accommodate new concepts into its vocabulary. With the introduction of Islam to many parts of the world, Arabic becomes the instrument to convey its concepts. Some of these concepts are either adopted as a loan word or being literally translated. However, Yoruba dialect spoken in Ilorin adopts a strategy of domesticating some of the Arab-Islamic words despite the fact that some of these concepts do not exist in Yoruba Language. This work therefore aims at identifying and trace the origin of the domesticated Arabic of Islamic concept popularly used in the dialect of Ilorin people. Forty (40) of such words are selected in the areas of Islamic doctrine, civilization and materials. Meanwhile simple percentage is used to analyze some variables in the work. After the study it is discovered that the heterogenic composition of Ilorin assisted in the domestication of Islamic concept from Arabic. A sizeable of them are from Yoruba origin coined and adopted from Yoruba while some of these words are from other Languages. Interestingly these words only do not find their ways in Yoruba dictionary but are also regularly used among Yoruba people in Nigeria. It is recommended that further studies should be conducted in this area for the purpose of enriching relationship between Arabic and Yoruba Languages.
Enhancement of the Nigerian National Grid Performance with a FACT Compensator
(Faculty of Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria, 2022) Ogunbiyi, O., Adesina, L.M., Ugwute, F.O. and Thomas, C.T.
The Nigerian grid is faced with loss of lines and system collapse due to overloads, under-loads, and inadequate reactive power at the buses. Analysis of the power flow supported by static voltage stability condition of the system can provide insight to the system performance indicators like voltage profile, power flows and losses. Voltage control and power loss reduction strategies are still based on mechanical methods such as synchronous generators/condensers, tap changing of transformers, switching of shunt reactors and capacitor banks, switching of transmission lines, generating unit scheduling, and manual load shedding. However, flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACT) such as a static VAR compensator offers flexible and fast control of power system operations unlike the mechanically switched devices which are restricted by wear and tear and slow response. Hence this work demonstrates the use of static voltage analysis in seeking the optimal placement of a static volt-ampere reactance (VAR) compensator called (SVC) on the power system. This idea was tested on the Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN) 330 kV-bus system which was modelled and analyzed using NEPLAN software and the results showed substantial improvement in the voltage profiles and loss reduction. Simulations of the peak condition showed that 9 stations violated the set limits. It is recommended that FACTS devices be optimally located at Sakete (6°44′11″N 2°39′29″E) bus bars for effective transmission of electric power on the grid.
Ethics of Interpersonal Communication from Islamic Perspective
(2017) Tajudeen Yusuf
EVOLUTION OF ARABIC PROSE AMONG NIGERIAN YORUBA AUTHORS: AN ASSESSMENT OF THEMATIC TRANSFORMATION
(2015-01-25) Yunusa Jamiu Muhammad
Prose which is a symbol of societal life does not enjoy rapid growth poetry enjoys in any literature. The reason is not far-fetched as poetry is more natural because of its lyrical nature which is more individualistic. Literary prose, in contrast to poetry, is rendered in a controlled manner that requires ripe thinking which displays maturity relying on logical reasoning presented in a captivating narrative style. Like in many other societies, literary Arabic prose evolved among the Yorubas in Nigeria in the shade of Islamic religion; this resulted in a very long gestation period before indigenous scholars of Arabic come to terms with the reality that prosaic expression is as important and relevant as poetic exercise. This paper aims at studying the thematic transformation of Arabic prose among the Yorubas in Nigeria. To do this, the paper is divided into: introduction, early themes of Arabic prose, transformation from religious to social themes, analytical studies of social themes, critique of selected samples, and conclusion.
IDENTIFYING A PEOPLE THROUGH LITERATURE; A STUDY OF THE LITERARY TRADITION IN ILORIN EMIRATE
(SAFARI BOOKS LTD, ONIREKE, IBADAN, 2015) HAMZAT ABDULRAHEEM
ILORIN TRAVEL LITERATURE IN ARABIC: A STUDY OF A TRAVELOGUE BY SHAIKH ADAM ABDULLAHI AL ILORY
(FACULTY OF ARTS AND ISLAMIC STUDIES, BAYERO UNIVERSITY, KANO, 2014-07) HAMZAT ABDULRAHEEM
Abstract The contribution of Arabic scholars in Nigeria to Nigerian Literature cannot be quantified. Almost all literary genres, ranging from poetry, prose to drama, have been dealt with in their different writings, which make their works attractive to literary critics despite the language of expression. The use of Arabic for literary expression has been an old tradition in Nigeria and can be traced back to the time Islam was introduced and Arabic adopted as a major language of education. In the same vein, Arabic in llorin, like in many other cities in Nigeria that are deeply influenced by Islamic tradition, has been and still is used for literary expression. This revered tradition has led to the production of valuable literary works in poetry and prose. One of such literary genres to which llorin scholars have contributed is travel literature. This paper intends to study a travel poem composed by a great historian and a versatile scholar, Sheikh Adam Abdullah al-Ilory (1917-1992), on his journey to Egypt and his encounters an the road. The study is subdivided into five sections, namely the introduction, travel literature in llorin, a translation of the poem, its analysis and conclusion.
Linguistic Terrorism and Its Effects on Human Society: An Analytical Study
(Kwasu Journal of Humanities,, 2018) Tajudeen Yusuf
Abstract: This paper presents an analytical study of a selected political/religious text from an Arab Newspaper (Arab Times of May 2007). It aims at addressing the role of language communication on human relationships especially to consolidate and enhance peaceful coexistence. The study employs interdisciplinary theories consist of systems analysis theory, pragmatic theory and communication theory and then applies them on some aggressive linguistic elements found in the selected text; some words that may affect peaceful coexistence and effective relationships among the individuals in human communities regardless of their believes, races and social classes are pinpointed and addressed .It has become apparent that the continued exploitation of Religion in nowadays by many politician Politics has become a tool of gaining their political desires. Peace is very important in order to avoid unnecessary conflicts that might hinder progress or even result in the loss of life. Efforts have been made by many organizations devoted to fostering peace within the domestic and global spheres. For example, organizations such as the Peace Corps emphasize the importance of understanding others in order to enrich life within the global community. However, the roles of language in consolidating peaceful coexistence in human societies can never be underestimated or underrated. Indeed, throughout history, many have reflected on the importance of language for it shapes thoughts and emotions, determining one’s perception of reality; it is also the light of the mind.Keywords: Coexistence; Language; Peace; Society; Terrorism الملخض: تقدم هذه المقالة دراسة تحليلية لنص سياسي ديني مختار من الأخبار العربية العام 2007 م، والهدف من ذلك توضيح تواصلية اللغة وتأثيراتها الإيجابية والسلبية على العلاقات الإنسانية، ولإخراج هذه الدراسات من إطارها التنظيري إلى الإطار التطبيقي يعتمد البحث تحليل التأثيرات اللغوية وأفعالها على نظرية متكاملة مستمدة من نظرية تحليل النظم، تلك التصورات التي ترى أن المجتمع يتكون من نظم متكاملة يرتبط بعضها ببعض، وأن جميع المتغيرات لها تأثيراتها المتبادلة. فالنظم البشرية تحوي عدداً كبيراً من المتغيرات المرتبطة بعضها ببعض.كما أن الدراسة تستفيد بنظرية الاتصال ونظرية اللسانيات التداولية، وهي من اتجاهات اللسانيات الحديثة. فقد قام بعض المنظمات المحلية والدولية المعنية بالسلام والتعايش السلمي بجهود جبارة لأجل بث الاستقرار والأمن، غير أن الدراسات والتجارب قد أفادت أن اللغة التي هي النطام التواصل الرئيس لها دورها الفعال في توطيد التعايش السلمي والأمن بين أفراد المجتمع. الكلمات المفتاحية: التعايش؛ اللغة، ، السلم؛ المجتمع؛ الإرهاب
National Integration As Potrayed In Jamil Abdullahi’s “Idfaᶜ Billati Hiya Ahsan"
(Kwara State University Press, 2017) AbdulRazaq M. Katibi
Stories in Arabic written by Nigerians have become a force in the Nigeria literary market today. It is ready to compete with many stories written in other Nigeria national languages. These Arabic novels are written to reflect challenges facing Arabic and Arabs in the Nigerian environment. This implies that they also reflect some elements of nationalism and social integration among Nigerians. Notable among these writings is Jamilu Abdullahi book titled “Idfa Billati Hiya Ahsan”. A careful study of the book expresses some aspects of national integration among various political, cultural and linguistic ethnic groups in Nigeria. Thus, the analyses of these features are examined in this paper. In conclusion, the paper postulates that Arabic stories in Nigeria; especially in the northern Nigeria are committed to the social, political and cultural integrations among Nigerians irrespective of linguistic and religious background.
Nigeria-Sudan Relations: The Linguistic Perspectives
(Department of Linguistics, African and Asian Studies, Lagos State University, 2017) AbdulRazaq M. Katibi
Nigeria and Sudan are two distinct African countries, located at different geographical locations with different socio-cultural and linguistic backgrounds. Though, the two countries were intruded by the British colonials, yet the struggles for independence, post-independence and political scenario are not indifference. Scholars, especially in the areas of Islamic History, Politics and Social Sciences generally have dwelt into the studying the symbiotic relationship between the two countries. The studies included how two countries affect and influence one another. These works are documented in both Arabic and English languages. However, little is known and written on linguistics-relationship existing between the two countries. This work is expected to bridge the linguistic gaps existing between the two languages. Our preliminary investigation indicates that there are some languages spoken in Nigeria that are of families of Afro-Asiatic, Nilo-Sahara and Niger-Congo which also exist in Sudan. In addition, there are some Nigerian languages that harbor Arabic words which are of Sudanese extractions and origin. Another area of linguistic similarity is in the area of tonology i.e. the mode of reading of Arabic scripts like Quran, poems and music that are similar to Sudanese-Arabic tone. These are the areas which this paper intends to highlight, analyze and give possible examples where necessary. Meanwhile, articles in journals, books that are written in both Arabic and English languages in addition to some useful materials which are related to the topic shall be the sources of this paper. Also, the writer’s personal experience on the issue discussed shall form part of our resources. In conclusion, any issue, point and discussion raised and reached in this paper are expected to serve as platform for the purpose of provoking more intensive and extensive researches on the linguistics relationship between Nigeria and Sudan.
Northernism in Northern Nigerian Literature: A Study of Al -Yaquti's 'Abaratul-Amal
(Kwara State University Press., 2017) AbdulRazaq M. Katibi and Aliyu O. Ahmad
Politeness in Arabic and Yoruba: Personal Pronouns as a Case Study
(Asian Journal of Language, Literature and Culture Studies, 2022) Tajudeen Yusuf
Politeness as social rule which consolidates interpersonal communication and effective interactions in human society exists in all cultures and languages, however, the specific language and communication strategies that are employed to speak in a language may not work as well in other languages. One can use a wide range of grammatical structures, have a large vocabulary, and have a clear, understandable pronunciation. However, when speaking in a second or foreign language, one may not appear to achieve the desired outcomes. Perhaps the speaker lacks the cultural knowledge of the target language to demonstrate linguistic etiquette, resulting in overly direct discourse. Using descriptive and contrastive methods, this paper addresses linguistic politeness in using personal pronouns in both Arabic and Yoruba languages; it gives an insight into the similarities and differences that exist in the politeness culture of the Yoruba and Arabic languages. The study reveals that while both languages have some similarities in subcategories of personal pronouns, the areas of dissimilarity are obvious. A special focus is given to the use of honorific pronoun.
POLITICS IN THE ARABIC LITERARY WRITINGS IN NIGERIA
(DEGEL ; Journal of Faculty of Arts and Islamic Studies., 2021-06) AbdulRazaq M. Katibi
Politics is a social phenomenal practiced to achieve certain interest in the society. It is usually misconceived to be permanently attached to issues like election, democracy, opposition, governance etc. However, politics is also sometimes consciously or unconsciously practiced in the academic arena. This is because it is employed to protect or oppose some interest like ideology, policy, view and personality. Arabic either as a language or literature also according to our understanding is also an element in the political practice. It is also a platform where politics can also be practiced within the society and academic arena. Therefore this paper is aimed at highlighting and analysing some areas where an element of politics is noticed in the selected prose written in Arabic by the Nigerian authors. The selected works are: “Al – Thaqafatul Al-Arabiyah Fi Naijiriya” by Ali Abubakar (1972), “Misbahu Dirasatil Al Adabiyyah Fi Diyarril Naijiriyah” by Adam Abdullahi Al-Ilory (1967) and “Harakatul lughatil Arabiyyah wa Adabiyyah fi Naijiriyah” by A.S. Galadanci (1993). The selections of these works is based on their status and importance among literary sources in Nigeria and more importantly the wild leadership they enjoy among scholars and researchers in Nigeria. After the study, the works promote African and Nigerian nationalism for the fact that they defend ideologies, people, region and Nigeria as an entity. It is therefore recommended that more intensive and extensive work should be carried out in other to explore political element not only in Arabic language and literature but also in academic arena
Portrayal of Women in Northern Nigerian Arabic Novels; A Case Study of Mai-Ungwar’s Limadha Yakrahunana
(The FAIS Journal, Bayero University, Kano., 2016) AbdulRazaq M. Katibi
Women occupy different positions in the minds of writers as portrayed by the norms and values of the society. However, Arabic Novel writers in Nigeria pay little or no attention to women and issues that concern them in their works. Therefore this paper focuses on women and their socio-cultural norms and value in the Northern Nigeria environment as expressed in an Arabic novel Limadha Yakrahunana (Why do they hate us) written by Salisu Mai-Ungwar (1986). It also tries to justify some of the roles played by different women characters especially as relate to the Northern Nigerian culture. To achieve these, the paper is sub-divided into topics namely: Introduction, Arabic Novels in Nigeria, Review of the Novel, Northern Nigerian Norms and traditions, Overview of Feminist Themes and the Conclusion. The paper is expected to encourage Arabic novel writers to give prominence and importance in discussing women issues especially in Northern Nigeria and to serve as impetus to the development of Northern Nigerian literature.

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