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A COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUTONOMY AND DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIAAND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(A PUBLICATION OF DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, ILORIN, NIGERIA, 2019) Asimiyu Olalekan MURANA; Abdul Rauf Ambali
This study is a comparative examination of local government autonomy and democratic governance in Nigeria and the United States of America (USA). The study aims at identifying the convergences and divergences in the system of local government and democratic governance in Nigeria and the USA. Ex-post facto research design was used in the study, and theory of decentrilisation of power was applied as the theoretical framework. This research argues that local government autonomy and democratic governance across the countries of the world depend largely on the nature and character of their politics. It reveals that local governments in the USAare better than local governments in Nigeria in the areas of financial autonomy and democratic governance. Though, in both countries there are no comprehensive financial autonomy since revenue are sourced from the state and central governments,it is admitted that Nigeria could learn from the system of local governments and democratic practices in the USA. The study recommends internally generated revenues as a major source of income for the local governments in both countries. The study also recommends that there is the need for Nigeria's local governments to embrace democratic tenents to promote effective service delivery to the people.
A Primer in Public Policy Analysis Techniques and Methods
(Published by: IIUM Press International Islamic University Malaysia, 2012) Garoot Suleiman Eissa; Abdul Rauf Ambali
A Primer in Public Policy Analysis Techniques and Methods
(©IIUM Press, IIUM, 2012) Garoot Suleiman Eissa; Abdul Raufu Ambali
This is a concise introductory text for undergraduates at the advanced level, produced for the main purpose of presenting a field of knowledge that is judged as difficult and requiring much preparation in economics and quantitative methods in a manner that is simple and conducive to student learning. Textbooks in this field are generally considered difficult by students at this level of instruction. Nonetheless, the present text discusses the most central issues in policy analysis, in simple terms and reviews the basic techniques employed to guide analysis. However, the book may also prove useful in another dimension: the use of local examples and cases in addition to the authors’ own examples which would serve to ease students’ comprehension. Popular texts such as Dunn (1994) or Weimer and Vining (1999) often address American readers and use American examples throughout. Another book on welfare economics is also required at the undergraduate level but one which we usually use in postgraduate classes. The need for a primer on the subject thus appears timely. The first chapter of this book defines, rationalizes and explains public policy as well as the practice of public policy analysis. The second chapter discusses relevant issues as a useful background to policy analysis: the policymaking process and the place of policy analysis in it; policy analysis as welfare economics; policy analysis as rational choice; and finally, policy analysis in political decision making. The authors are of the opinion that policy analysis is a combination of all of these approaches. Chapter three is the first chapter pertaining to the process of analysis; it handles problem analysis, which includes problem identification, problem definition, problem structuring and problem modeling. The fourth chapter seeks to explain the techniques and methods of forecasting, classified under quantitative or qualitative techniques. Forecasting is central to policy analysis because the consequences of policies, aimed at finding solutions to social problems, and since it involves the future, it is important to speculate about the future.
A Reflection on the Challenges in Nigerian Agricultural Policies and the Way Forward
(Journal of Administrative Science, 2005) Abdul Rauf Ambali; Asimiyu Olalekan MURANA
his study examines the Nigerian Agricultural Policies before and after independence. The paper employs secondary source of collecting data. The study reveals that despite the soundness of most of the Nigerian Agricultural Policies, there is a real short fall between the expectations and results. It also identified some of the challenges of the reviewed policies which have been hitherto affecting the translation of these ambitious policy documents into realities. Based on the findings of this paper, it was recommended that government should redouble its efforts in implementing various policies and programmes, adopting a consistent policy measures, avoiding unjustifiable policy reversals, partnering with relevant inter-governmental organizations in order to attract the much-needed private sector capital injections into the agricultural sector, as well as increasing the expertise to make the sector become the engine of growth in Nigeria.
A Reflection on the Challenges in Nigerian Agricultural Policies and the Way Forward
(Journal of Administrative Science, 2017) Abdul Rauf Ambali; Asimiyu Olalekan MURANA
This study examines the Nigerian Agricultural Policies before and after independence. The paper employs secondary source of collecting data. The study reveals that despite the soundness of most of the Nigerian Agricultural Policies, there is a real short fall between the expectations and results. It also identified some of the challenges of the reviewed policies which have been hitherto affecting the translation of these ambitious policy documents into realities. Based on the findings of this paper, it was recommended that government should redouble its efforts in implementing various policies and programmes, adopting a consistent policy measures, avoiding unjustifiable policy reversals, partnering with relevant inter-governmental organizations in order to attract the much-needed private sector capital injections into the agricultural sector, as well as increasing the expertise to make the sector become the engine of growth in Nigeria.
A Review of Administrative Reforms in Developing Countries: Why the Limited Success?
(Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 11 (2),156-177, 2021) 4. Aliyu, O A; Kuppusamy, S., & Norma, M. (2021)
This study survey critical issues that have thwarted administrative reform in the power sector with particular reference to developing countries. The study used endnote software to draw 221 articles from the database of 20 top public administration journals. However, only 86 articles were found useful after carefully sorting, and analysis. This was done to avoid duplication and ensure relevance to the main thrust of this study. Also, practical cases were cited to augment the conceptual and philosophical arguments of notable scholars analyzed. Evidence from the literature revealed that lack of political will and commitments on the partJournal of Public Administration and Governance of political actors, bureaucrats often truncates positive reform outcomes. Likewise, the reformers poor stakeholder engagement and mismatch of goals and implementation strategies. It is imperative to unravel problems hampering successful administrative reforms. This paper is important to expand the horizon of knowledge (theoretical knowledge) of current and future academics and practitioners. It also contributes to the literature on public sector management by suggesting pre-conditions for successful reform. This study provides a better understanding of obstacles to purposeful reform outcome in developing countries. Moreover, it also serves as a guide to reform implementers, policy-makers, and practitioners towards purposeful reform outcomes
Accessing the Impact of E-Learning on Tertiary Education Management Amidst the Global Wave of Covid -19 Pandemic in Nigeria: Issues and Prospects
(Organization and Human Capital Development (ORCADEV), 2022-06-12) Abubakar S. Yushau Alfakoro; Ibrahim O. Salawu
Tertiary education is an important tool for jumpstarting development in almost all nations of the world. It serves as a lever for other sectors of the economy, with far-reaching imperativeness aimed at economic, technological, and governmental growth. The unfortunate outbreak of Coronavirus in 2019 has had devastating effects on every sector of the economy, from which tertiary education is not exempted. E-learning naturally becomes an option in order to grapple with and cope with the changes occasioned by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is an attempt to logically investigate the nature and dynamics of the challenges pursued by the adoption of the e-learning method as an avenue for coping with the enormous challenges associated with the effective delivery of tertiary education in emergencies. This is more expedient because e-learning has become a veritable tool for the global advancement of tertiary education. Mixed date method research was employed in the conduct of this research, and a sum of fourth (40) forms was distributed to the target audience, and the hypothesis was tested using chi-square. The findings of the study reveal that e-learning has aided the continuation of education amidst the SARS-19. The paper recommends that both stakeholders in the private and public education sectors of Nigeria should provide conducive e-learning facilities amidst and beyond covid -19 pandemic in Nigeria.
Achieving Interreligious Maturity Through Higher Institutions’ Interfaith Programmes for Dialogue, Peace and Social Cohesion
(International Journal of Applied Research and Technology (IJART), 2022-08-21) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo; Chikelue, Agatha G.
There is growing recognition of the role academic institutions can play in promoting conflict prevention, resolution, and social cohesion through research and knowledge-sharing collaborations with NGOs, individuals, and practitioners. As institutions of learning, universities are not only responsible for cognitive and analytical development but also for fostering interreligious dialogue, tolerance, and peacebuilding. Interfaith dialogue has been widely acknowledged as a tool for promoting understanding among religious communities, contributing to social stability and peaceful coexistence. This study explores the role of higher education in advancing interfaith dialogue, using Kwara State University (KWASU), Nigeria, as a case study. KWASU was established in 2009 with a vision to go beyond traditional academic functions by integrating community service and entrepreneurship into its core mission. The university has taken proactive steps to engage with its host community, recognizing the importance of religious and cultural harmony in fostering peace. Through its Directorate of Community Development, KWASU has facilitated interfaith dialogue programs that bring students, staff, and local community members together in meaningful conversations aimed at reducing religious tensions. By analyzing the impact of these programs, this study demonstrates how higher education institutions can serve as catalysts for peace through structured interfaith engagement. Findings suggest that universities can enhance social cohesion by fostering dialogue across religious divides and empowering students as peace ambassadors. The study advocates for broader adoption of interfaith programs within academic institutions, emphasizing their role in mitigating conflicts and strengthening societal harmony.
Afro-centrism: A Stale Recipe In Nigeria's Foreign Policy Relations?
(Lapai Journal of International Politics, 2018-04-05) Ibrahim O. Salawu (PhD); Ibrahim I. Yahaya
Foreign policy of most nations generally takes the form and shape of internal and external dynamics intended to attend to the national interest of a state. It also ensures a robust engagement of the multifarious stakeholders in the international system in a bid to explore and exploit inherent strategic advantages. In the Nigerian context, foreign policy has been guided by the principle of Afro-centrism, which essentially entails engagement of the international system with the prism of promoting the interest of the African continent by concretely assuming important roles within and outside of the continent. It is in this light that it has shown commitment to the processes of decolonization across the continent including Angola and was at the fore of the fight against apartheid in South Africa. The leading role played in the formation of the defunct OAU, and its successor organization, the AU, as well as the promotion of development within the framework of NEPAD epitomize the principles of Afro-centrism. It however remains contentious that Nigeria seems not to be reaping a commensurate measure of reciprocity from most African countries and the international community on the basis of these. It is against this background that this paper argues for a review of the “Afro-centric” principle in the emergent international system. It argues further that; a rigid adherence to Afro-centrism since Nigeria's independence seems not to be yielding to the vagaries of contemporary international system. The main objective of this study is to attempt a critique of the Afro-centric nature of the Nigerian foreign policy since independence till date. To these effects, data is sourced from secondary sources and researcher reflexivity was adopted for analyses. The study reveals that; despite abundance of human and material resources that have been committed to pursuing and promoting this policy by successive administrations, benefits accruing to the country have been meager when compared to the alternatives foregone in the domestic affairs of the country. The paper concludes that; notwithstanding Nigeria's natural potentials to pursuing a profitable African policy, concrete strategic
An Assessment of Electoral Malpractices on Democratic Consolidation in Ilorin-West Local Government Area of Kwara State
(University of Africa Journal of Governance and Politics (UAT JOGAP), 2024-05-10) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo; Aun, Thompson Toryuha
This paper identifies electoral malpractices and discusses their impacts on democratic consolidation in Ilorin-West Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria. The deliberate manipulation of the process of an election through direct or indirect means to influence the outcome of an electoral process has undoubtedly become part of electoral processes in some countries of the world. The commission of electoral malpractice is most often demonstrated through different methods such as improper voting control, ballot stuffing, vote buying among others. Indeed, the irregularities and malpractices that characterize elections in Nigeria proceed to unimaginable conflicts that consume lives and properties during these elections, thereby threatening the country's democracy. Through the use of well-structured questionnaires and relevant published works of other researchers, as well as through quantitative and qualitative analysis, the paper examines the various forms of electoral malpractices, discusses the relationship between electoral malpractice and democratic consolidation, and discovers the causes and solutions to electoral malpractice on democratic consolidation in Ilorin-West Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria. It conclusively proposes recommendations for controlling electoral malpractices towards democratic consolidation in Ilorin-West Local Government Area of Kwara State and other parts of the country.
AN ASSESSMENT OF GENDER DISCRIMINATION IN WORKPLACE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON WORKERS’ PERFORMANCE: A LITERATURE REVIEW
(Centre for Research, Industrial Leakage and International Coorporation, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria, 2023-12-02) Rashida Adamu Oyoru
The study examined the level of gender discrimination in workplace for women in Nigeria. The objective of the study is to review literature on how gender discrimination in workplace has influenced the performance of women in their workplace. The methodology adopted in this study is purely secondary data and content analysis was adopted to achieve the objective of the study. The study concluded that organization's success is largely influenced by a variety of elements, with the company's human resources ranking among the most important and that it is crucial that employers take good care of their staff members so they may give their all and work diligently to achieve the organization's goals. It was revealed that as long as employees feel as though their fundamental rights are being violated, gender discrimination will continue to be a problem that prevents them from reaching their full potential. The study recommended that it is important to regularly review anti-discrimination policies to determine how effective they are in actual use. This should be ensured in both private and public organizations, with a concentration on the former, to make sure that all enterprises are successfully executing the constitution's policies while being closely supervised.
An Assessment of Power Relations Between State and Local Governments in Kwara State: The Prospect and Way Forward
(Lapai Journal of International Politics, 2018-04-23) Abdullahi Alabi
The expectation of the people from any level of government is to receive service delivery but this is not realized as expected due the distance government at the center cum the state brought about the establishment of the local governments and to ensure quality service delivery at the local government in Nigeria, there is need for inter-tier relations between the state and the local governments. However, the local government failed in the area of the quality healthcare service delivery which is the main focus of the work over the years. Consequently, the study examined the impact of power relations between the state and local government as regard to the policy issue of joint account and project on healthcare service delivery in the three selected local governments of Kwara State. The methodology adopted was both qualitative and quantitative methods. The study found out that the power relations between the state and local governments on the issue of joint account and project majorly the provision of healthcare facilities like buildings, drugs and laboratory equipment were responsible for the inability of the local government to perform to the expectation of the people in the state. The study however suggests that there is need to amend the constitution of the federal republic in order to promote first-line-charge of statutory allocation directly to the account of the local governments.
An Examination of Part One of the Fifth Schedule of the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria in Relation to Service Ethics
(International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI), 2018) Aladetohun Bunmi; AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele
The objective of this paper is to highlight the imperative of ethics and sound ethical conduct as a basis for effective service delivery in the Nigerian public sector. Much has been demonstrated in this paper with heavy reliance on the utilitarian theory, secondary sources of data backed by the analytical method. The paper concluded that the march towards an ethical-based public service must continue and be regarded as a series of “works in progress”. The paper recommended among others that there is an urgent and continuous need to remold the thought and conduct of civil/public servants and officials of government through the development of ethics and value reorientation that is anchored on accountability and transparency in public service. It further recommended a strong commitment to implementation of laws, enforcement of sanctions and strengthening of institutions of governance on a continuous basis.
An Impact Assessment of Insecurity on Nigeria’s Socio-political Development
(Jigawa Journal of Politics (JJP), 2024-11-05) Ibrahim O. Salawu; Lambe Emmanuel Oyewole
The seemingly unabating wave of security challenges in Nigeria has taken its toll on the nation’s socio political and economic trajectory. The state was ordinarily created to ensure law and orderliness has been handicapped in the face of the waves of insecurity. The emergent scenario presents a contagious spread across the country. This paper assessed the impact of the increasing nature and patterns of insecurity in Nigeria by examining the trend of the spread and mutation of insecurity across the country. Therefore, the qualitative research method and the state fragility theory were employed to show the relationship between the nature of the state and the waves of insecurity. The paper identified lack of human capital development, economic downturn, fragile security architecture, growing political imbalance amongst the ethnic groups are some of the causes of the rising waves of insecurity. The paper concluded that the waves of insecurity is further exacerbated by unpatriotic elements seeking to criminalize and use insecurity as a medium for either gaining attention, profiteering or destruction. The paper therefore recommends that the growing uneven development and marginalization of some ethnic group must be tackled by the proper application of the federal character principles.
AN OVER VIEW OF ETHNIC MILITIAS AND ITS EFFECT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF AFRICA: NIGERIA AS A CASE STUDY
(2010) Alabi Salihu Hammed
Africa is one of the most diversified cultural continent in the world. While such extensive diversity is not unique to Africa, given the geographical size of the continent as the second largest continent in the world; the profusion of this cultural variation sometimes gives the impression of unending differences. Africa unending conflicts reveal a tragic exposition of human tragedy. This is because ethnicity induced conflict in Africa keep on recurring in various part of the continent, one fact that must be accepted is that, with the emergence of nation- states at the demise of colonialism, people of different ethnic backgrounds were lumped together and this historical antecedent has continue to feature prominently in Africa politics. Ethnic group with large numbers were put together with those with not so large in number, hence almost every African country has majority and minority. Such ethnic groups persistently cry of disparity or unequal treatment by the government or state with their counterparts in the polity. They form impression that they are denied their fair share in the areas of political participation. Nigeria with a large number of ethnic groups. inequalities among them are size, education and access to state power and resources. There are highly developed and fractionalized indigenous bourgeoisie, which made her ethnic situation perhaps the most complicated in Africa. Some of the ethnic and religious militants have constituted themselves into private armies thereby creating serious ethnic conflicts. This study, therefore, relies on context analysis as its methodology to examine ethnic militias in Africa with particular reference to Nigeria. It also examines the effects of ethmic conflicts on the country's search for unity, and identifies the possible issues for resolution. The study also proffered suggestions on how to curb ethnic conflicts in Nigeria.
ANALYSIS OF CONFLICTS BETWEEN SUFI AND SALAFI ULAMA (MUSLIM CLERICS) IN ILORIN EMIRATE
(2022) Alabi Salihu Hammed
The role of Sufi scholars in the spread of Islam in Nigeria and, in particular, Ilorin Emirate cannot be over emphasized. Over the years, the Sufis championed the spread of Islam through the trans-Saharan trade route across West Africa. This was accelerated as a result of the cultural beliefs and practices (such as use of charms, amulet, polygamous marriages etc.) inherent in most African communities prior the coming of Islam (Abdulkadir, 2015). Similarly, the people were as well attracted to Islam by the commercial opportunities provided by the Islamic scholar/traders i.e. the Sufis throughout the trading centers in West Africa. Ilorin is regarded as one of the major towns where Islam had early presence in Yorubaland. As far back as 18th century, scholars' extraction from Kanemi Borno, Sudan, Mali, and Hausaland had settled and established a similar tradition of scholarship centre at Oke Suna in Ilorin (Jimba, 2019). Expositing on the emergence of Sufism in Ilorin, Jimoh (1994) observed that the Tijaniyya was the oldest Sufi Order in Ilorin, which was projected majorly by Kanem Borno Ulama under the headship of Sheikh Tahir (also known as Sholagberu), while adherents flocked Oke Suna for daily Wasifa/ kuburah and exclusively on Fridays (Sufi congregational sets of prayers are also offered daily and weekly)
APPRAISAL OF NIGERIAN FOREIGN POLICY UNDER PRESIDENT MUHAMMADU BUHARI (2015 - 2020)
(LAPAI INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, 2020) Rasheed Ambal; Amin Amin; Ambali Abdulrauf
Over the years Nigeria external relations and foreign policy has been faced by many problems. In spite of the enormous resources and potentials which the country has been blessed with, Nigeria has not on a sustainable basis been able to formulate effective foreign policy expected from a country with its endowments. This paper examines in specific term major challenges facing Nigeria’s external relations under president Muhammadu Buhari. The aim is to identify the problems and prospects ahead for the country. The study adopted qualitative methodology that uses consultation with literature as a means of data gathering. It was revealed that more than external factor, it is the internal variables that are dampening Nigeria’s attainment of positive international image. For example, the founding fathers and pioneers of the ministry of external affairs, now foreign affairs, worked faithfully and relentlessly in offering honest advice to the successive Head of State/President, based on their professional training to make Nigeria proud in the committee of nations. Unfortunately, it would appear nowadays that the leadership of the ministry succumbs to the whims and caprices of functionaries in the presidency who pretend to know more than the professionals. The paper therefore submitted that for the country to occupy its rightful position in the comity of other nations there is need for a more assertive foreign policy that promotes the National Interest and reverses negative international perceptions on Nigeria.
ASSESSMENT OF AMNESTY POLICY IN NIGERIA UNDER PRESIDENT UMAR MUSA YARADUA'S ADMINISTRATION
(2017-04-18) Alabi Abdullahi
An amnesty deal in Niger Delta offered during Yar'adua administration was aimed at reducing the state of lingering unrest in the oil rich region. The region is indeed the cash cow of the nation where the chunk of revenue is realized. The incessant neglect over the years of the oil rich communities by the federal government has spurred agitation for resource control. The study assesses the effectiveness of the policy in relation to the policy thrust. It adopts secondary source of data through the use of textbooks, journals, internet among others. The paper infers that, the policy had failed to achieve it objectives since the restiveness among Niger Delta Youths remain unabated. The study concludes that the government must be proactive and strengthen the enforcement institutions to be able to live up to expectation.
ASSESSMENT OF CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE TETFUND INTERVENTIONS TO THE TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT OF ACADEMIC STAFF IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES 2009-2022
(ASSOCIATION OF NIGERIAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS’ JOURNAL, 2024-06-19) Adamu R. O
The study examined the relationship between staff development in Nigerian universities and initiatives funded by the Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFund).The Nigerian government has invested heavily in higher education through initiatives such as TETFund. However, there is limited research on the effectiveness of TETFund program in promoting academic staff development in Nigerian universities. This study filled a knowledge gap by investigating the relationship between TETFund intervention and and the development of academic staff members in Nigerian universities. A five-point Likert scale was used in a structured questionnaire with closed-ended questions to collect data. Inferential statistical techniques, specifically simple linear regression was used to analyze the data collected. The findings revealed that TETFund interventions had a positive and significant effect on the academic staff development in Nigerian universities. The study recommended among other things that the stakeholders in the Nigerian education sector should consider allocating more funds to TETFund interventionsto improve academic staff development outcomes
Assessment of factors affecting the Performance of Civil Servants in Kwara State, Nigeria
(University of Maiduguri, 2014-03-17) Ameen Abdulateef; Ifatimehin Olayemi Olufemi; Alabi Abdullahi
Performance

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