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A COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUTONOMY AND DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIAAND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(A PUBLICATION OF DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, ILORIN, NIGERIA, 2019) Asimiyu Olalekan MURANA; Abdul Rauf Ambali
This study is a comparative examination of local government autonomy and democratic governance in Nigeria and the United States of America (USA). The study aims at identifying the convergences and divergences in the system of local government and democratic governance in Nigeria and the USA. Ex-post facto research design was used in the study, and theory of decentrilisation of power was applied as the theoretical framework. This research argues that local government autonomy and democratic governance across the countries of the world depend largely on the nature and character of their politics. It reveals that local governments in the USAare better than local governments in Nigeria in the areas of financial autonomy and democratic governance. Though, in both countries there are no comprehensive financial autonomy since revenue are sourced from the state and central governments,it is admitted that Nigeria could learn from the system of local governments and democratic practices in the USA. The study recommends internally generated revenues as a major source of income for the local governments in both countries. The study also recommends that there is the need for Nigeria's local governments to embrace democratic tenents to promote effective service delivery to the people.
A Primer in Public Policy Analysis Techniques and Methods
(Published by: IIUM Press International Islamic University Malaysia, 2012) Garoot Suleiman Eissa; Abdul Rauf Ambali
A Primer in Public Policy Analysis Techniques and Methods
(©IIUM Press, IIUM, 2012) Garoot Suleiman Eissa; Abdul Raufu Ambali
This is a concise introductory text for undergraduates at the advanced level, produced for the main purpose of presenting a field of knowledge that is judged as difficult and requiring much preparation in economics and quantitative methods in a manner that is simple and conducive to student learning. Textbooks in this field are generally considered difficult by students at this level of instruction. Nonetheless, the present text discusses the most central issues in policy analysis, in simple terms and reviews the basic techniques employed to guide analysis. However, the book may also prove useful in another dimension: the use of local examples and cases in addition to the authors’ own examples which would serve to ease students’ comprehension. Popular texts such as Dunn (1994) or Weimer and Vining (1999) often address American readers and use American examples throughout. Another book on welfare economics is also required at the undergraduate level but one which we usually use in postgraduate classes. The need for a primer on the subject thus appears timely. The first chapter of this book defines, rationalizes and explains public policy as well as the practice of public policy analysis. The second chapter discusses relevant issues as a useful background to policy analysis: the policymaking process and the place of policy analysis in it; policy analysis as welfare economics; policy analysis as rational choice; and finally, policy analysis in political decision making. The authors are of the opinion that policy analysis is a combination of all of these approaches. Chapter three is the first chapter pertaining to the process of analysis; it handles problem analysis, which includes problem identification, problem definition, problem structuring and problem modeling. The fourth chapter seeks to explain the techniques and methods of forecasting, classified under quantitative or qualitative techniques. Forecasting is central to policy analysis because the consequences of policies, aimed at finding solutions to social problems, and since it involves the future, it is important to speculate about the future.
A Reflection on the Challenges in Nigerian Agricultural Policies and the Way Forward
(Journal of Administrative Science, 2005) Abdul Rauf Ambali; Asimiyu Olalekan MURANA
his study examines the Nigerian Agricultural Policies before and after independence. The paper employs secondary source of collecting data. The study reveals that despite the soundness of most of the Nigerian Agricultural Policies, there is a real short fall between the expectations and results. It also identified some of the challenges of the reviewed policies which have been hitherto affecting the translation of these ambitious policy documents into realities. Based on the findings of this paper, it was recommended that government should redouble its efforts in implementing various policies and programmes, adopting a consistent policy measures, avoiding unjustifiable policy reversals, partnering with relevant inter-governmental organizations in order to attract the much-needed private sector capital injections into the agricultural sector, as well as increasing the expertise to make the sector become the engine of growth in Nigeria.
A Reflection on the Challenges in Nigerian Agricultural Policies and the Way Forward
(Journal of Administrative Science, 2017) Abdul Rauf Ambali; Asimiyu Olalekan MURANA
This study examines the Nigerian Agricultural Policies before and after independence. The paper employs secondary source of collecting data. The study reveals that despite the soundness of most of the Nigerian Agricultural Policies, there is a real short fall between the expectations and results. It also identified some of the challenges of the reviewed policies which have been hitherto affecting the translation of these ambitious policy documents into realities. Based on the findings of this paper, it was recommended that government should redouble its efforts in implementing various policies and programmes, adopting a consistent policy measures, avoiding unjustifiable policy reversals, partnering with relevant inter-governmental organizations in order to attract the much-needed private sector capital injections into the agricultural sector, as well as increasing the expertise to make the sector become the engine of growth in Nigeria.
Accessing the Impact of E-Learning on Tertiary Education Management Amidst the Global Wave of Covid -19 Pandemic in Nigeria: Issues and Prospects
(Organization and Human Capital Development (ORCADEV), 2022-06-12) Abubakar S. Yushau Alfakoro; Ibrahim O. Salawu
Tertiary education is an important tool for jumpstarting development in almost all nations of the world. It serves as a lever for other sectors of the economy, with far-reaching imperativeness aimed at economic, technological, and governmental growth. The unfortunate outbreak of Coronavirus in 2019 has had devastating effects on every sector of the economy, from which tertiary education is not exempted. E-learning naturally becomes an option in order to grapple with and cope with the changes occasioned by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is an attempt to logically investigate the nature and dynamics of the challenges pursued by the adoption of the e-learning method as an avenue for coping with the enormous challenges associated with the effective delivery of tertiary education in emergencies. This is more expedient because e-learning has become a veritable tool for the global advancement of tertiary education. Mixed date method research was employed in the conduct of this research, and a sum of fourth (40) forms was distributed to the target audience, and the hypothesis was tested using chi-square. The findings of the study reveal that e-learning has aided the continuation of education amidst the SARS-19. The paper recommends that both stakeholders in the private and public education sectors of Nigeria should provide conducive e-learning facilities amidst and beyond covid -19 pandemic in Nigeria.
Afro-centrism: A Stale Recipe In Nigeria's Foreign Policy Relations?
(Lapai Journal of International Politics, 2018-04-05) Ibrahim O. Salawu (PhD); Ibrahim I. Yahaya
Foreign policy of most nations generally takes the form and shape of internal and external dynamics intended to attend to the national interest of a state. It also ensures a robust engagement of the multifarious stakeholders in the international system in a bid to explore and exploit inherent strategic advantages. In the Nigerian context, foreign policy has been guided by the principle of Afro-centrism, which essentially entails engagement of the international system with the prism of promoting the interest of the African continent by concretely assuming important roles within and outside of the continent. It is in this light that it has shown commitment to the processes of decolonization across the continent including Angola and was at the fore of the fight against apartheid in South Africa. The leading role played in the formation of the defunct OAU, and its successor organization, the AU, as well as the promotion of development within the framework of NEPAD epitomize the principles of Afro-centrism. It however remains contentious that Nigeria seems not to be reaping a commensurate measure of reciprocity from most African countries and the international community on the basis of these. It is against this background that this paper argues for a review of the “Afro-centric” principle in the emergent international system. It argues further that; a rigid adherence to Afro-centrism since Nigeria's independence seems not to be yielding to the vagaries of contemporary international system. The main objective of this study is to attempt a critique of the Afro-centric nature of the Nigerian foreign policy since independence till date. To these effects, data is sourced from secondary sources and researcher reflexivity was adopted for analyses. The study reveals that; despite abundance of human and material resources that have been committed to pursuing and promoting this policy by successive administrations, benefits accruing to the country have been meager when compared to the alternatives foregone in the domestic affairs of the country. The paper concludes that; notwithstanding Nigeria's natural potentials to pursuing a profitable African policy, concrete strategic
An Assessment of Power Relations Between State and Local Governments in Kwara State: The Prospect and Way Forward
(Lapai Journal of International Politics, 2018-04-23) Abdullahi Alabi
The expectation of the people from any level of government is to receive service delivery but this is not realized as expected due the distance government at the center cum the state brought about the establishment of the local governments and to ensure quality service delivery at the local government in Nigeria, there is need for inter-tier relations between the state and the local governments. However, the local government failed in the area of the quality healthcare service delivery which is the main focus of the work over the years. Consequently, the study examined the impact of power relations between the state and local government as regard to the policy issue of joint account and project on healthcare service delivery in the three selected local governments of Kwara State. The methodology adopted was both qualitative and quantitative methods. The study found out that the power relations between the state and local governments on the issue of joint account and project majorly the provision of healthcare facilities like buildings, drugs and laboratory equipment were responsible for the inability of the local government to perform to the expectation of the people in the state. The study however suggests that there is need to amend the constitution of the federal republic in order to promote first-line-charge of statutory allocation directly to the account of the local governments.
An Examination of Part One of the Fifth Schedule of the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria in Relation to Service Ethics
(International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI), 2018) Aladetohun Bunmi; AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele
The objective of this paper is to highlight the imperative of ethics and sound ethical conduct as a basis for effective service delivery in the Nigerian public sector. Much has been demonstrated in this paper with heavy reliance on the utilitarian theory, secondary sources of data backed by the analytical method. The paper concluded that the march towards an ethical-based public service must continue and be regarded as a series of “works in progress”. The paper recommended among others that there is an urgent and continuous need to remold the thought and conduct of civil/public servants and officials of government through the development of ethics and value reorientation that is anchored on accountability and transparency in public service. It further recommended a strong commitment to implementation of laws, enforcement of sanctions and strengthening of institutions of governance on a continuous basis.
An Impact Assessment of Insecurity on Nigeria’s Socio-political Development
(Jigawa Journal of Politics (JJP), 2024-11-05) Ibrahim O. Salawu; Lambe Emmanuel Oyewole
The seemingly unabating wave of security challenges in Nigeria has taken its toll on the nation’s socio political and economic trajectory. The state was ordinarily created to ensure law and orderliness has been handicapped in the face of the waves of insecurity. The emergent scenario presents a contagious spread across the country. This paper assessed the impact of the increasing nature and patterns of insecurity in Nigeria by examining the trend of the spread and mutation of insecurity across the country. Therefore, the qualitative research method and the state fragility theory were employed to show the relationship between the nature of the state and the waves of insecurity. The paper identified lack of human capital development, economic downturn, fragile security architecture, growing political imbalance amongst the ethnic groups are some of the causes of the rising waves of insecurity. The paper concluded that the waves of insecurity is further exacerbated by unpatriotic elements seeking to criminalize and use insecurity as a medium for either gaining attention, profiteering or destruction. The paper therefore recommends that the growing uneven development and marginalization of some ethnic group must be tackled by the proper application of the federal character principles.
APPRAISAL OF NIGERIAN FOREIGN POLICY UNDER PRESIDENT MUHAMMADU BUHARI (2015 - 2020)
(LAPAI INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, 2020) Rasheed Ambal; Amin Amin; Ambali Abdulrauf
Over the years Nigeria external relations and foreign policy has been faced by many problems. In spite of the enormous resources and potentials which the country has been blessed with, Nigeria has not on a sustainable basis been able to formulate effective foreign policy expected from a country with its endowments. This paper examines in specific term major challenges facing Nigeria’s external relations under president Muhammadu Buhari. The aim is to identify the problems and prospects ahead for the country. The study adopted qualitative methodology that uses consultation with literature as a means of data gathering. It was revealed that more than external factor, it is the internal variables that are dampening Nigeria’s attainment of positive international image. For example, the founding fathers and pioneers of the ministry of external affairs, now foreign affairs, worked faithfully and relentlessly in offering honest advice to the successive Head of State/President, based on their professional training to make Nigeria proud in the committee of nations. Unfortunately, it would appear nowadays that the leadership of the ministry succumbs to the whims and caprices of functionaries in the presidency who pretend to know more than the professionals. The paper therefore submitted that for the country to occupy its rightful position in the comity of other nations there is need for a more assertive foreign policy that promotes the National Interest and reverses negative international perceptions on Nigeria.
ASSESSMENT OF AMNESTY POLICY IN NIGERIA UNDER PRESIDENT UMAR MUSA YARADUA'S ADMINISTRATION
(2017-04-18) Alabi Abdullahi
An amnesty deal in Niger Delta offered during Yar'adua administration was aimed at reducing the state of lingering unrest in the oil rich region. The region is indeed the cash cow of the nation where the chunk of revenue is realized. The incessant neglect over the years of the oil rich communities by the federal government has spurred agitation for resource control. The study assesses the effectiveness of the policy in relation to the policy thrust. It adopts secondary source of data through the use of textbooks, journals, internet among others. The paper infers that, the policy had failed to achieve it objectives since the restiveness among Niger Delta Youths remain unabated. The study concludes that the government must be proactive and strengthen the enforcement institutions to be able to live up to expectation.
Assessment of factors affecting the Performance of Civil Servants in Kwara State, Nigeria
(University of Maiduguri, 2014-03-17) Ameen Abdulateef; Ifatimehin Olayemi Olufemi; Alabi Abdullahi
Performance
ASSESSMENT OF THE CORE STRATEGIES IN ACHIEVING RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
(Review of Public Administration and Management (ROPAM), 2022-06-19) Idris Danjuma Mohammed; Moshood Olayinka Salahu; Rasheed Obasekore Garuba
Abstract Rural development policy has been regarded as an aspect of government action that influences economic and social development in rural areas. It is a policy that affects the changes with unambiguously defined rural development goals. In Nigeria, governments at all levels considered rural development as a fundamental policy of bringing developmental projects to the rural areas in line with the yearnings and aspirations of the rural dwellers. In Kwara State specifically, successive governments made efforts to implement many projects through the Ilorin Agriculture Development Project (IADP) and Kwara State Agricultural Development Project (Kwara ADP) as part of the core strategies for achieving rural development policy in the state. However, the implementation of the core strategies was confronted with some constraints. It is in the light of this background that this paper seeks to broaden our knowledge through the evaluation of the core strategies of achieving rural development policy in Kwara State. Guided by a basic needs approach, qualitative data were purposely generated from the three (3) selected rural communities in the state. The research instruments consisted of Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) conducted. The data gathered from the interview was analyzed in line with the objectives of the paper. The paper recommends participatory planning involving all stakeholders in the implementation of the core strategies for achieving rural development policy in Kwara State.
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL CRIMES COMMISSION (EFCC) UNDER PRESIDENT MUHAMMADU BUHARI’S ADMINISTRATION IN NIGERIA FROM 2015 TO 2017
(Lapai international journal of Admintration, 2019) Biliamin Yusuf Adebayo; Shittu Raji; Abdul Rauf Ambali; Amin Amin; Rasheed Ambali; Ayishat Aromoke Geeto; Muinat Adetayo Adekeye; Bunmi Aladetohun
One of the major challenges of governance in Nigeria is corruption especially in the public realm. In response to this challenge, the Federal Government established the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) to combat corruption and promote transparency and accountability in governance. In spite of the establishment of EFCC, the fight against corruption seems not to have achieved the desired result in view of the rising incidence of corruption as indicated by Transparency International’s negative Corruption Perception Index on Nigeria. The major objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of EFCC under the Muhammadu Buhari Administration in Nigeria from 2015 till date. Specifically, the study intended to; examine the impact of Buhari’s anti corruption crusade on socio -economic and political development, determine the degree of autonomy of the EFCC and to ascertain the level of effectiveness of the EFCC. Both primary and secondary data were sourced using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 20). Findings from the study which relied on both primary and secondary data revealed that the activities of the EFCC were severely constrained by undue political interference. The institution was not adequately funded with feeble financial autonomy. The corruption reporting system in the federal public service was found to be more effective under Buhari Administration. The study concluded that the degree of autonomy of the EFCC under the administration is weak while its level of activities is more noticeable in the public glare in the Buhari regime than other regimes because the regime identified the fight against corruption as a key governance agenda. The study recommended among others, the exercise of greater political will to free the EFCC from political interference with adequate funding and greater financial autonomy for the institution.
AWARENESS AND PERCEPTION OF THE HEALTHCARE CONSUMERS TOWARDS COMMUNITY-BASED HEALTH INSURANCE POLICY: INSIGHT FROM ALIMOSHO LOCAL GOVERNMENT, LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
(International Journal of Politics and Good Governance, 2018) AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; Aladetohun, Bunmi
This paper assessed the healthcare service delivery of Nigeria's Community-Based Health Insurance Scheme (CBHIS) in Alimosho Local Government, Lagos State. The scheme which took off in 2008 was established to reduce the government’s healthcare financing burden and create access to affordable and efficient healthcare service delivery for all Nigerians. Despite these laudable aims, evidence on the ground seems to suggest that a number of problems still militate against the realization of the goals of the scheme and these problems include the poor level of awareness, poor healthcare facilities, and poor accessibility to healthcare service. The paper investigated the awareness and perception of the Community-Based Health Insurance Policy on healthcare service delivery in Alimosho Local Government of Lagos State, Nigeria. And appraise healthcare consumers’ perceptions. A structured questionnaire with a Cronbach alpha coefficient of .809 (awareness), and .898 (perception), .755 respectively which represent over 80% of reliability was administered on 334 out of 379 enrollees in the area. Study hypotheses were tested with the one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the one-sample Kolmogorov- Smirnov tests (K-S). The results showed no significant awareness of CBHIS operations and objectives amongst enrollees in Alimosho Local Government, It also indicated that there is a negative perception of the enrollees on CBHIS healthcare service delivery efficiency. The study recommended regular healthcare seminars, workshops and conferences, and proactive inspection of accredited HCPs.
Challenges of Balancing State Security with Human Rights in Nigeria
(Lafia Journal of Economics and Management Sciences, 2023) Safiyat Saheed Bello; AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele
This paper focused on the challenges of balancing state security with human rights in Nigeria. Thus, As a relevant and educative study with reliance on secondary data, the study adopts a liberal approach as the theatrical framework which highlights the core impact of the interplay between human rights and State Security in Nigeria. This paper adopts the qualitative research design (Content Analysis). The study's goals include determining how state security and human rights in Nigeria relate to one another. To examine some of the difficult factors preventing their peaceful coexistence and, ultimately, to pinpoint the potential risk of losing one at the expense of the other, it furthers its investigation by posing the quests: Should the government disregard human rights in the face of mantling security? This paper in its findings found the following as contributing factors militating against the collaborative relationship between State Security and human rights among which includes; poverty and global inequality; discrimination; Armed conflict and violence; democracy deficit all these are peculiar to human rights. However, the research recommends for active human rights and State Security measures be put in place by the government without necessarily setting aside human rights in the face of mountling human security. All moral values should be at the centre of all individuals as peace can only be attained if the culture of 'value' is possessed among the leader and the lead. Therefore, the government must acknowledge the significance of issues like democratic legitimacy, human rights and security sector reform.
Challenges of Implementing the Federal Character Principles for National Unity in Nigeria
(Academic Journal of Business of Social Sciences (AJoBSS), Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Melaka, Malaysia., 2020) AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; Raji Shittu; Amin Amin
The federal character principle was adopted in Nigeria to promote unity in diversity and ensure equitable development in all the geo-political zones of the country within the range of socio-political and economic equity. However, the implementation of the federal character policies, especially at the federal level of governance has been criticized for favoring the Northern part of Nigeria against the other parts of the country. The objective of this paper was to examine the implications of the federal character principle for socio-economy equity and political stability in Nigeria. Findings from the study, which relied on secondary sources as its method of inquiry, were that the federal character principle was designed to create fairness, justice, and equity among different geo-political zones in Nigeria and reduce the fear of sectional domination. The policy has enthroned some measure of fairness, justice, and equity in public policies in Nigeria, including those related to employment opportunities, promotion in public service, geographical representation, and quota admission policies in federal educational higher institutions. However, the federal character policy is still bedeviled by nepotism and sectional interest in Nigeria.
Challenges of Local Government Administration on Rural Development in Kaiama Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria
(NIU Journal of Social Sciences,, 2023-12-31) Idris Danjuma Mohammed; Adedoyin John Towoju; Hassan Seyid Ishola
Abstract This study is an examination of the impact and challenges of local government administration on rural development in Kaiama Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria. The study relied on both primary and secondary data. 218 questionnaires were received and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science software. Basic needs approach was adopted for this study. Findings from the study showed the majority of the respondents agreed that Kaiama Local Government council has not adequately enthroned development in Kaiama as it has not ensured adequate water supply, the provision of basic health facilities,rural road construction and improvement in other social amenities in the local government. Majority of the respondents also agreed that the failure of leadership at local level affects rural development and that community development is not adequate in the Local Government as a result of corruption and diversion qf projects by local government officials amongst others also hinder development in Kaiama The paper concluded that rural development is largely undermined in Kaiama Local Government and recommended that political appointees and workers in Kaiama must imbibe the culture of leadership by example anchored on selfless service to the people with total commitment and sacrifice. Kaiama Local Government should be more people-centred in approach, such that necessary collaboration or partnership with communities in its domain can facilitate the process of rural development. Both government and non-governmental progremmes on development should be implemented and executed in Kaiama. There should be periodic monitoring of Local Government.projects. Political consideration in the allocation of contracts should be discouraged in Kaiama. Keywords: Kaiama, Local Government, Rural, Development.
Challenges of National Minimum Wage Implementation in Nigeria: The Kwara State Civil Service Experience
(Journal of Administrative Science, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Malaysia, 2023) AbdulRasheed Hamza Bamidele; Adedibu Abayomi Adegoroye; Salahu Moshood Olayinka
National minimum wage implementation across the Nigerian civil service has always been problematic and filled with different challenges resulting in industrial conflict. The research work explored the main thrusts of challenges of national minimum wage implementation in Kwara State Civil Service. The research used mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) and data were generated both from primary and secondary sources. While the population of civil servants in the MDAs in Kwara state was 40347and the sample size for the study was 400 using Taro Yamane formulae, and a simple percentage was utilised for the quantitative data analysis. Findings revealed that insufficient funds and among others were never a constraint to the implementation of the national minimum wage as claimed by the state government. Aside from federal government allocation to the state, the Kwara state government generated N9.5 billion in the first quarter of 2021, also Kwara state benefitted from value-added tax (VAT) that was increased from 5% to 7.5%. The Paper concluded that the unwillingness and insincerity of political officeholders usher barriers to the implementation of the national minimum wage. The paper recommended that the punishment in Nigeria's extant minimum wage law was immaterial and ought to be reviewed.

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