Deparment of Fine and Aplied Art

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The Use of African Traditional Art Symbols and Motifs: Study of some selected Paintings of Tola Wewe
(2010-10) Awogbade Mabel; Ibenero Ikechukwu
This study is a documentation of the use of African traditional art symbols and motifs of Tola Wewe in his artistic expressions. It discusses and analyses the art symbols in some selected works of Tola Wewe. It also recognizes ona, an artistic movement that is commonly seen in the Yoruba and Igbo traditions. It also traces the origin and meaning and context of use. Today, Wewe is one of the few artists in Nigeria who not just employ the use of traditional art symbols and forms for the beauty alone but to preserve and protect the Nigerian culture and traditional believes. The photographs of Wewe's paintings reveals different kinds of motifs used and the motifs were analyzed for a clearer understanding of how they can be truly manipulated and creatively exploited to form masterpieces. This ceaseless, never-ending, persistent and relentless practice to art experimentations and production has made Wewe a man with an indelible landmark on the sands of time. Thus, the background of the artist and his immense contribution as an artist were also documented.
Gender and preferred content in children's drawing among selected primary school children in Zaria Metropolis, Kaduna State
(2010-12-01) Awogbade Mabel Oluremi
This study sought to establish the relationship between gender and preferred Content in children's drawing. A total of 220 pupils stratified into 110 males and 110 females drawn from eleven randomly selected primary schools in Zaria metropolis were used for the study. Four research questions were raised and four null hypotheses were generated. A narrative adopted from Tuman's (1999) study, was validated by experts in the department of Fine Art Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Kaduna state of Nigeria and used as a major tool for data collection. Chi-square (x2), cross tabulation, ANOVA and t-test were used for the analyses related to the null hypotheses. A histogram was also used for the distribution of the scores explaining the scores on formal characteristics used by the subjects in the study by sex. The results revealed that none of the four null hypotheses was retained; all the hypotheses were rejected. However, the results revealed that there were significant differences in the drawing content chosen by boys and girls. It also showed that there were significant differences between the way boys and girls use lines, colour, shape, texture, space and composition; there were inter-relationships in the forms and content of drawings of boys and girls and there were significant differences between the drawings of boys and girls in terms of gender characteristics. The findings revealed that girls exceeded the boys in the use of elements of art. It is recommended that provision be made for tests and activities that would allow pupils to think and ask questions that would lead to discoveries and motivate learners to create drawings outside their gender characteristics.
A perspective on motivating children art activity
(2013-09-01) Mabel Oluremi Awogbade
Teaching art at early age nurtures inventiveness as it engages children in a process that aids in the development of cooperation, self-esteem and self-discipline. Art helps children understand other subjects much more clearly: from mathematics and science, to language art and geography. It has been proven that early exposure to art promotes activity in the brain Hodge (2011). However, children lose interest in Art because of lack of motivation, non-conducive environment, poor instructional style, and lack of qualified art teachers amongst others. Douglas and Schwartz (1987) suggest that both participation and accomplishment in art activity are aided by opportunities for talking in relevant ways about art. That motivation will be stimulated when the art teacher uses a carefully structured, inductive and in-depth approach to teaching; provides opportunities for discussions which attract attention to the complexity of art, and thereby arouse curiosity; and helps children to identify the criteria by which they can evaluate themselves as they work, and thereby serve as a stimulus for accomplishment. This paper therefore focuses on how motivation can improve the state of art in Nigeria as it relates to children's interest in studying art beyond primary and secondary school levels.
Appropriate Methodology: A Guide to Effective Research.
(EYO: A Journal of the Arts and Humanities, Department of Creative Arts, University of Lagos, Nigeria., 2015-08-10) Sunday James
Abstract:This paper examines the issue of methodology in research. It enumerates the importance of a step-by-step approach to effective research in an attempt to advance knowledge. Various scholarly views were examined on the definition of methodology. The paper goes further to highlight the basic steps in research methodology and what the researcher is expected to do at each stage. It concludes by stating some advantages of appropriate methodological approach in research.
Examination of Ife Bronze Casting Culture and Its Decline in Maintenance Practice in Contemporary Society
(2016-01) Awogbade Mabel Oluremi
Ile-Ife, the Yoruba ancient city is known for its vibrant cultural environment. This city of ancient civilization and one of the home for bronze casting in the Western region of Nigeria have made significant contributions to the world of culture through its great artistic traditions in terracotta, bead making, bronze and brass casting that predates Pre Colonial era. This culture of occupational practice has experienced decline as a result of its discontinuity in modern day Ile-Ife. This study therefore investigates the causes of its decline in practice and also examines the maintenance and sustainability of bronze casting in Ile-Ife. In so doing, this study adopts the interview method to enable the researcher investigates the factors responsible for the decline in bronze casting from the families that were once associated with this art. The findings of this study reveals that, the decline is as a result of many factors including the influence of war, western civilization and culture, education, science and technology. Sequel to this influences, those craftsmen who practiced bronze casting also passed on without replacement. This study concludes that in order to resuscitate bronze casting in Ile-Ife, there is the need to set up bronze casting industry to promote the commercial culture in the history of Ife. Furthermore, the spell on the trade should be revoked and the practice of bronze casting should be sustained.
Photography in the Art of Painting: A Threat or an Aid?
(EYO: A Journal of Arts and Humanities, 2016-08-20) Sunday James
Abstract The practice of painting in Nigeria today calls for an urgent need to impart the right value and skills into our students and upcoming artists. To achieve this aim, the training system needs be structured towards achieving the realization of this principal objective. This paper examines the impact of photography in the practice of painting, especially, as it relates to Nigeria. The paper sees painting and photography as a combination which brings innovations and breakthroughs in the practice of art. It goes further to explore some of the advantages and disadvantages of using photograph as a reference for painting. A historical and philosophical approach of research was adopted. On the whole, the paper makes a comparative study of the two media of art expression while making recommendations towards improvement.
THE TEACHING OF ARTS EDUCATION IN HIGHER INSTITUTIONS: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
(Association for Encouraging Qualitative Education In Nigeria (ASSEQEN), Uyo, Akwa Ibom, 2017) Prof. Binta Ajibola Sulyman; Dr. Wesley Emmanuel Okachi
The Arts today competes with the sciences in a technological driven world. The advent of innovations in the science world had made the arts look like the archaic knowledge with no present and future relevance. The contemporary Nigerian society silently adapts this believe system. This so bad that being a doctor, engineer or scientist is considered to be more of social value than being an artist. Treated like the African perspective of a woman, the arts play the second fiddle. In Nigeria, the development of factors that enter into the present day problem in art education are not unconnected with the behaviors of the Christian missionaries. The opened schools and used them as means of conversion, in this regard children were found to be more valuable than adults. If children in their growth process are captured early in life then success can be sure to be achieved in whatever endeavors. The missionaries viewed and treated Nigerian traditional arts with contempt, which resulted in a general break down of traditional apprenticeship system. No efforts were made to provide substitutes for it. The healthy relationship that existed through the apprenticeship training system has been replaced today, Nigeria is faced with a major problem arising from the influx of foreign cultural influences. Even after forty-six years of Nigerian independence most ideas and instruments of development are from outside, sources. Also, for social and cultural demands to be made through books, cinemas, magazines, television outputs and teaching aids most are still completely imported.
EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN VISUAL ARTS IN SELECTED SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ILORIN METROPOLIS
(Centre for Entrepreneurship, Kwara State University Malete, 2017) Prof. Binta Ajibola SULYMAN (Mrs.)
This study investigated the Evaluation of Visual Intelligence and Academic performance of Selected Senior Secondary Schools in Ilorin Metropolis. A Survey into some Senior Secondary Schools revealed that Visual Arts Teachers spend much time to teach Theory than practical’s. The Visual Arts Program is saddled with numerous problems such as unqualified teaching personnel, equipment's, materials and Subsidy. The objectives are to examine students performance in Senior Secondary schools Visual Arts examinations from 2011-2015 and to examine the types of assessment techniques used to measure students performance. The methodology was qualitative with survey research procedure. The population for the study constituted 346 teachers of 68 senior secondary schools out of which 22 public and private schools were sampled. Purposive sampling procedure with 5 point Likert scale questionnaire was used to collect data. The study used descriptive statistics of standard deviation, mean and simple percentages with an index score of 3.0 and above as the bench mark for agreed otherwise disagreed. From the study, the following findings were advanced, performance of students from 2011 to 2015 were good except for 2013 that had poor performance in 2013, different evaluation techniques were used for assessment of visual arts performance by teachers with portfolio assessment being the major technique and small group discussion being the least of all the techniques used for assessment. The study recommends that there is a need for teachers to develop audio-visual aids for teaching arts, in the era of information technology, the use of modern equipment like computers should be encouraged, as none of the schools visited has any serious link between their computer laboratories and the visual arts departments as well as the need to improve in the used of other forms of evaluation such as small group discussions, large group discussion as well as public display (critics).
DESIGN AND USE OF PUPPETRY IN PRIMARY EDUCATION IN NIGERIA
(Department of Fine Art, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria, 2017) Prof. Binta Ajibola SULYMAN (Mrs.); Dr. JAJI Muyideen
Developing countries are striving in the teaching and learning process through various uses of educational media for information dissemination at all levels of education inside and outside the classroom; learners are provided with rich and stimulating experiences. Where adequate instructional materials are designed and produced, they are used directly to compliment teacher’s efforts. Education with training and skills develop the human talents, fosters the acceptance in innovation and willingness for changes. These changes can be achieved through producing and utilizing instructional materials. Two-dimensional media like flash card, photographs, drawing, and 3-dimensional object like Legos (building blocks) and models can be used to teach in schools. One example of such model is the puppet. Designing and producing puppet can make learning and enrich meaningful and stimulating experience.
AN ASSESSMENT OF TEACHERS’ USE OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS ON TEACHING ART
(ASSEQEM, 2017) Prof. Binta Ajibola SULYMAN (Mrs.)
Any devices or materials used in transferring and handing over knowledge, information, news and skills from teachers to learners or students are referred to instructional materials. Kaewpradid, 2545; Narisara Pohkam, 2550. In addition, the teaching instrument and materials refers to the use of technology to increase the teaching and learning quality and to achieve the learning objectives set by the teachers or the schools (Jarinya Nienchaleuy, 2546:1) Instructional materials can be divided into software material such as transparencies, slides movie films, cassettes and CDs; and hardware or instruments which include the overhead projector machine, slide projectors, movie projectors, tape recorders, computers and CD and DVD players (Jarinya Nienchaleuy, 2546:17-18). Principles in using the instructional instruments and materials in teaching are that they must be suitable in terms of contents and learning objective set by the teachers. The teaching materials must be accurate and suitable for the students to learn, and practice their analytical skills. They must help expose the students to sufficient experiences (Jarinya Nienchaleuy, 2546:18-19). The instructional materials must also be suitable to the school sizes and educational policy as stated by each educational area (Bergeson, 2008:2)
Art, Symbol and Royalty: A Case Study of the Yoruba Speakers
(International Journal of Arts and Humanities(IJAH), 2017-01-20) Dr. Morenike Folabalogun
This paper set out to examine the relationship and importance of Art, Symbol and Royalty amongst the Yoruba speakers in Nigeria. While studies have been done in different areas of this topic, yet this area remains unattended to despite its importance in art history. The aim of this paper is to bring awareness and fill the existing gap. The methodology of research employed is qualitative, through observation, non-observation, intrinsic/contextual analyses. Yoruba culture follows the general patterns of traditions in African societies. The traditional leaders are seen and reverenced as intermediaries to God; the Yoruba traditional heads are custodians of history, religion, tradition, myths, norms and values. Their subjects see them as deities; to wade off the ills within individuals and communities at large. The paper revealed that art; symbol and royalty are inextricably tied together. The unknown artists are still the machines that create the art, symbol and royalty traditionally, amongst the Yoruba speakers.
Integration of Photographs and Life Objects as Reference Materials for Successful Painting
(2018) Sunday James; Oluremi Mabel Awogbade
Photography is a crucial medium for documenting works or providing assistance to painters. This study sets to evaluate the qualities of paintings made from photographs and life objects. Descriptive and Counter-balanced Quasi-experimental designs were used for the study, hence, its approach is quantitative. This study was carried out in selected Colleges of Education in Yaba, Ojo and Epe Local Government Areas of Lagos State, Nigeria, using purposive sampling technique. The sample consists of 120 students drawn from a population survey of 261 painting students in three Colleges of Education within Lagos State. Primary and secondary data were collected during the study. Three instruments were used for data collection. The instruments are: Observation Schedule, Questionnaires and Practical Achievement Tests. Data analysis was done using the Mean Scores, Percentages and Standard Deviation. From the study, the following findings were made: that paintings made from photographs are more realistic and better than those made from life objects in terms of colour, realism, detailing, light and shade and also in composition. Based on the findings, a number of recommendations were made
Decline of Ekpe Masquerade Amongst the Efik Speakers
(Published in Journal of Discovery an International Multi-Disciplinary Publication, 2018-09-01) Dr. Morenike Folabalogun
Masquerade traditions amongst the Efik speakers in Nigeria, is an interesting theme for discussion in art history. The scope of this paper is to direct attention to that aspect of Efik culture that is deeply rooted in the masquerade traditions and the importance of the masquerade’s cult. This paper examines specifically the Ekpe masquerade, their duties, their regalia, art, symbol and performance. The paper intends to bring awareness and fill any existing gap. The methodology applied in this research is qualitative, which includes oral interviews, analytical; using intrinsic and contextual methods, internet resource materials and literature. Efik culture follows the general patterns of masquerading traditions in African societies. The traditional masquerades are seen, as ancestors and reverenced as intermediaries to God. The masquerades traditionally are regarded as custodians of history, religion, tradition, myths, norms and values. Their subjects see them as deities; to wade off the ills within individuals and community’s at large, unity is established within communities, rules and regulations are adhered to. The dread of been sanctioned by a masquerade cult, culturally is an abomination in tradition and attracts sanctions. Difficult matters arising and sensitive disputes are settled by masquerade cults in the Efik land, the culture and its ideals are reinstated. Their performance brings alive the cultural values of the societies / communities.
A Critique of Mu’azu Mohammed Sani’s Palette Painting Technique in his work “Swange Dance Steps as Vehicle for Contemporary Expression in Painting
(GRASPACT JOURNAL OF ARTS AND TECHNOLOGY, 2020) Dr. Morenike Folabalogun
2 This paper sets out to critique Mu’azu Mohammed Sani’s palette painting technique in his work Swange Dance Steps as Vehicle for Contemporary Expression in Painting. The technique used in the palette painting, year of execution, habitat of works, medium and brief history of artist was also provided. The methodology used in this write up is qualitative which include, analysis, indirect observation, literary texts, and internet resources. The twenty first century ushered in creativity and dramatic individualistic expressions and great imagination of artistic qualities and fantasy in painting in Nigeria and other countries. Mu’azu’s technique of palette painting using the dance feet of the Swange dancers remain relatively new in Nigeria. Swange dance is one of the series of cultural dance steps of Tiv ethnic group from Benue State, Nigeria. This paper examines three of the thirty-one works in this genre of paintings. The aim of the research is to raise awareness on Mu’azu’s palette painting technique in his work Swange dance steps as vehicle for contemporary expression in painting.
Decay and Challenges of Traditional Cults in the 21st Century Nigeria.
(International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (JHSS), 2020) Dr. Morenike Folabalogun
Nigeria before the 21st century relied solely on traditional cults for its day to day events, policing, information dissemination, control of ancestral worship and initiation. The geographical ethnic cults taught the norms, values, beliefs, myths and morals to their society. In the 21st century the role of traditional cults was paling out and giving way to modern cults. Modern cults have directly and indirectly affected the beliefs, myths, norms, values, religion, education and cultural values in Nigeria. The positive significance has weaned out, but it is an area where many weaknesses are observed, yet it forms an important cultural foundation of the past. This study therefore investigated the characteristics of traditional and modern cults in Nigeria, and the challenges associated with the cults in the 21st century. The study’s scope is narrowed down to Nigeria. Methodology adopted for this write up is qualitative which includes; non-participant observation, relics, interviews, historical, literary texts, Internet resources and oral tradition.
) Visual Arts Professionalism and Practice: The Context of Copyright and Creative Authorship.
(. LIWURAM Journal of Humanities, 2020) Dr. Morenike Folabalogun
The writer dares to say that the issues of Copyright Act in Nigeria is still not so effective as it should be, and a lot of artists still suffer either because they are not aware of corporeal laws governing issues pertaining to visual arts as an important aspect of expression, or because they lack confidence in the system. Artists’ works are being plagiarized and offenders have not been prosecuted in most cases in Nigeria. The twenty first century ushered in creativity, dramatic individualistic expressions, great imagination of artistic qualities and fantasy. The exposure and access to the use of the internet affected the global world business transactions, Nigeria inclusive. The problem of get-rich-quick syndrome concerning artists and the incursion of internet technology amongst others also affected the corporeal laws and registration of visual artworks. Many visual artists seem not even aware of expiration dates for the genre of their works, however, this is another issue altogether. This paper examines specifically the aims of the Copyright Act, and some rules guiding visual artists in their professional transactions and expiration dates for visual art works. The methodology used in this write up is qualitative; through exploring literary texts, observation and internet resources. The corporeal organization must endeavour to upgrade their data base and expunge outdated laws to meet up with the demand and challenges of the 21st century.
THE EFFECTS OF EUROCENTRISM ON YORUBA CULTURE: A CASE STUDY OF YORUBA COSTUME
(Ahmadu Bello University, 2020) MORENIKE FOLABALOGUN,; MUHAMMAD TUNDE AYINLA,; MUYESHIR AFOLABI.
Yoruba people are great dressers and are expressive culturally, before the 21st century the Yoruba people relied solely on their traditional costumes for both male and female with varieties of female head gears and male caps for its day to day events. In the 21st century the traditional Yoruba costumes are giving way to modernized and alternated versions when it is even worn. This study therefore investigated the effects of Eurocentrism on Yoruba traditional costumes and its artistic qualities. The study’s scope is narrowed down to Yoruba ethnic group in Nigeria. Methodology adopted for this write up is qualitative which includes; non-participant observation, oral interview, relics, historical, literary texts, Internet resources and oral tradition. Recommendations was given that can promote the traditional Yoruba costumes and preserve the culture for posterity. Part of the findings from people interviewed establishes the fact that, the costumes are not formal or modern enough for some occasions amongst others. Some of the recommendations proffered by the authors include the following amongst others that, Yoruba costumes can be simplified for lectures or other formal occasions, by avoiding elaborate head ties or caps as occasion demands. Yoruba costumes should be worn for all occasions. A day in the week should be declared costume day in Nigeria to promote culture.
YORUBA MASQUERADES PERFORMANCES AND ASSEMBLAGES AS ART IN MOVEMENT AND TIME.
(University of portharcourt, 2021) Morenike Folabalogun; Muhammad Tunde Ayinla
Yoruba masquerade performances and assemblages as art, in movement and time is an interesting theme for discussion as a scholar of visual culture. The aim of the paper is to examine the Yoruba masquerade’s performance and assemblages in art, movement and time. The methodology explored for this research is qualitative in nature, using literary materials, internet resources, descriptive, historical, and analytical. Conceptual framework adopted is Lamp’s theory on movement and time. The theory adopted for investigation can be appropriated for this study in the sense that, Yoruba masquerades ritual performances and assemblages as art, involves putting the masquerade together to move from one arena to the other at a given time, only for the ritual performance and the movement to be repeated again at another season in time. The authors concluded by drawing attention to the fact that Yoruba Egungun (masquerade) from the perception and analysis can be regarded as a composite art piece due to their traits, assemblages and performances.
THE PROBLEM AND CHALLENGES FACING CERAMIC INDUSTRY IN NIGERIA
(Journal of Ceramics and Enviromental Design(JOCED)JOCED VOL.8,NO. 2 Steptember, 2021, 2021-08) Sheriff Oluwaseyi Ojetunde
In Nigeria, Ceramics Industry have played significant role in uplifting the condition of the common man and the economy at large. However, the Ceramic industries in Nigeria are hampered with multifaceted problems which are encumbering their performances. Worried about the declining and or moribund nature of the Ceramic industries, this paper investigates the state of Nigerian Ceramics Industry and proposes some measures considered vital for the reactivation and support of the ailing ceramic industries. Some of the measures include, relying more on the abundant local raw materials to substitute imported inputs, provision of funds for the reactivation of ailing Ceramic Industries to enhance production, creation of design department by indigenous industries and provision of technical assistance through international bodies.
EUROPEAN LANGUAGE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE EDUCATION OF THE NIGERIAN CHILD
(2022) Oluremi Mabel Awogbade; Hamsatu Saleh; Khadija lyabo Tijani
Every system of education is designed to achleve specific aims and objectives. The science and art teaching (pedagogy) adopted by any educational system will therefore reflect the methodology that best promotes and entrenches the objectives of such system of education. Relating this to the education of the Nigerian child will entail appreclating the colonial underpinning of the kind of educational system which the colonialist deliberately articulated in order to promote European ideals - which consciously or unconsciously discouraged cultural affirmation In thinking, thoughts and creative endeavours of the Nigerian child. This paper focuses on identifying elements of Europeanism in language used at the inception and the techniques of perpetrating or fostering them in the education of the Nigerian child. Two hundred primary school pupils randomly selected from private schools and fifteen teachers were involved in the study. The research instrument includes two sets of questionnaires: one for the teachers and the other for the pupils. Data collected were analysed using population indices, and major findings reveal high level of European inclination on language and low cultural affirmation of the pupils. It also reveals low understanding of indigenous language by the children. The findings indicate that European language for pedagogy at the initial stage of Nigerian child education diminishes the social construct of their identity.

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