Department of History and Heritage Studies

Permanent URI for this community

https://kwasuspace.kwasu.edu.ng/handle/123456789/56

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 43

The Baba Isale "Coup" and Its Aftermath: A Historical Analysis of an Intrigue in the Struggle for Supremacy in Colonial Ilorin
(Faculty of Arts and Islamic Studies, Bayero University Kano, 2011-07) Salihu, Otukoko Ismail
The 1936 Baba Isale “Coup” and Aftermath: A Historical Analysis of An Intrigue in the Struggle for Supremacy in Colonial Ilorin By Salihu Ismail Otukoko Department of History University of Ilorin “The past history of Ilorin is a record of internal jealousy and intrigue”. (Annual Report, Ilorin Province, 1936, page 22) Introduction Pre-colonial and colonial history of Ilorin was punctuated by various crises and conflicts that have been described as incidents in the struggle for power—political and economic—and supremacy. During the 19th c., there were struggles and contestations between the first Emir Abdul-Salami (c.1823-c.1836) and other group leaders like Afonja, Sholagberu and the Sarkin Gambari Bako. From the 1860s to 1890s, struggles continued between successive Emirs and their Baloguns (ward\war chiefs) led by the “Balogun Agba” (the most senior Balogun and the de facto Commander-in-Chief of the Ilorin army) such as Baloguns Fulani Hina Konu, Gambari Karara and Alanamu Ali Inakoju. Although colonialism put an end to some of the main causes of conflicts, it did not, however, put a final stop to them. Rather, colonial rule introduced new impetus and conditions for both continuity and change in the struggle. Thus colonial Ilorin recorded, among others, such crises as the 1907 “hunters revolts” in and around Ilorin town and this is believed to have been instigated by the Balogun Ajikobi Biala, Magaji Gari Salihu and one Ajai or Ajia Ogidilolu; the 1913 anti-tax riots staged largely by the Oke Imale (“Yoruba”) quarters, the Baba Isale crisis of 1936 and the Ilorin Talaka Parapo phenomenon of the 1950s. The 1936 Baba Isale crisis provides an important incident reflecting continuity and change in the struggle for power, prestige or influence and supremacy in the 20th c. Ilorin. It also represents the last major incident in the contest for Ilorin among members of the traditional ruling aristocracy during the colonial rule.
Opposition Party and the Politics of Opposition: The Collapse of the Ilorin Experiment in Democratization of Local Government, 1950-1960
(Department of History and International Studies, Kogi State University, Saying a, Nigeria, 2012-06) Salihu, Otukoko Ismail
Opposition Party and the Politics of Opposition: The Collapse of the Ilorin Experiment in Democratization of Local Government, 1950-1960 By SALIHU Ismail Otukoko College of Humanities, Management and Social Sciences Kwara State University (KWASU), Malete E-mail: salisma2004@yahoo.co.uk; ismail.salihu@kwasu.edu.ng Abstract Political parties—whether as incumbents or opposition—are an important institution in any process of democratization and democratic politics. They could make or mar political processes as well as impact positively or negatively on the society. Since the introduction of party politics in Nigeria, struggle between incumbent and opposition parties has been a dominant and recurring phenomenon. The collapse of the First Republic, regarded as the country’s first experiment in nation building, resulted mainly from the conflict between political parties (NPC\NCNC coalition) in power and the opposition (Action Group). A major feature of the conflict was the struggle to acquire or maintain power and all benefits associated with it. This explains the ‘Pull Him\them Down’ syndrome that characterized power relations between the two groups. In the defunct Northern Nigeria, Ilorin emirate was the first to experiment with a “test case” in democratically elected local government through reforms of the Native Authority system. Within a period of less than two years, the experiment collapsed due, among others, to the conflict between the party in power and the opposition party, each of which had a taste of power and lost it during the period between 1952 and 1960. The intense struggle for power pitched the traditional ruling aristocracy against the commoners’ class of emergent wealthy businessmen and eventually not only led to the collapse of the first experiment in democratic local government but also the fall of the Commoners’ Party and the defeat of the motion to transfer Ilorin to the Western Region.
ETHNICITY, ECONOMIC INJUSTICE AND PROBLEMS OF MASSIVE CORRUPTION CORRELATES IN EXPLAININGWHY GOOD GOVERNMENT ELUDES NIGERIA
(Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU), 2013-04-01) Hadizat Audu Salihu; Dawood Omolumen Egbefo
This paper is on ethnicity, economic injustice, and the problem of massive corruption and explains why good governance eludes Nigeria.
ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS' ENROLMENT IN HISTORY SUBJECT IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ILORIN METROPOLIS
(2013-06-06) Hadizat Audu Salihu
This study aim at bringing into limelight the enrolment of students into History subject in Senior Secondary Schools in Ilorin the capital of Kwara state. History subject has suffered a major setback in terms of enrolment of student which has resulted in low number of students studying history at senior secondary school level. Before independence History subject was made a compulsory subject by the colonial masters with the introduction of formal education because of the importance of the subject to both human and national development. In the late 20th, this important subject began to suffer low enrolment, especially after the introduction of subjects like government; this trend thus prompted research of this kind. In carrying out this research a survey research typology was considered most appropriate for the study, thus focusing on students' records as regards the study via collecting and comparing the number of students that enrol for History subject in the five schools (purposively selected) within the period of five years, that is, from 2005-2010. Five research questions were raised and three hypotheses were formulated. Simple percentages and average weighted scores (mean scores) were used to answer research questions and test hypotheses. The study however made some recommendations among which are that history should be made a lively subject that will attract students, furthermore, teachers handling the subject should be well motivated, recruitment of qualified teachers and provision of facilities to teach the subject such as good books in the school library and access to resource persons and places for easy understanding of the subjects by students.
Ilorin Potsherd Pavements and the Reconstruction of the Culture History of a Frontier City: The Historical Significance of Some Neglected Artifacts
(West African Archaeological Association, 2014) Salihu, Otukoko Ismail
Ilorin Potsherd Pavements and the Reconstruction of the Culture History of a Frontier City: The Historical Significance of Some Neglected Artifacts By Ismail S. Otukoko Department of History & Heritage Studies, College of Humanities, Management & Social Sciences, Kwara State University, Malete e-mail: salisma2004@yahoo.co.uk Artefacts are the physical products or traces of human activity. Like objects, they have importance because of their materiality or correctness, and become the subject of retrospective interpretation and ordering. Artefacts are generally regarded as symbolic of some prior aspect of cultural or social activity. (Gronenborn 1996) Abstract Ilorin history, including its cultural history, has relied primarily on oral and written accounts, which are limited in exploring the history of Ilorin before the mid-18th century. Yet, Ilorin is believed to have been founded between the 15th and 16th centuries and to have developed into ‘a very important centre in northern Yoruba land many centuries before 1800’. In view of the limitations of oral and written sources in providing information on pre-19th century Ilorin, series of archaeological reconnaissance surveys were carried out in the city over the last ten years. These efforts have yielded a lot of cultural entities including potsherd pavements, pottery, grinding hollows, and bones in some parts of Ilorin. The potsherd pavements in particular are stylistically in herringbone pattern. These bear striking resemblance to the potsherd pavements of Daima, Lake Chad area, Kabrais districts in Togo, Nupe, Ikeja, Ile-Ife, Wushishi in the Kaduna Valley, and Ibadan among others. Based on the range of potsherds and potsherd pavements recently discovered, this paper, therefore, examines the historical significance of the artifacts with a view to throwing light on the material culture history of Ilorin. The paper argues that the material finds are capable of shedding more light on pre-18th century cultural history of Ilorin, and thus calls for the protection of these materials as they are endangered by human activities and other natural phenomena.
From Traditionalism to Democratic Radicalism: A Re-examination of the Ilorin Talaka Parapo Phenomenon, 1954-1958.
(Department of History & International Studies, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, 2014) Salihu, Otukoko Ismail
From “Traditionalism” to “Democratic Radicalism”: A Re-examination of the Ilorin Talaka Parapo Phenomenon, 1954-1958 By Ismail Salihu Otukoko Department of History and Heritage Studies College of Humanities, Management and Social Sciences Kwara State University (KWASU), Malete e-mail: salisma2004@yahoo.co.uk Abstract The period of decolonization in Nigeria (1950-1960) was characterized by diverse struggles at various levels. Among the most noticeable developments during the decade are party politics, electoral, political and other forms of struggle for power as well as separatist and minority agitations. Within the defunct Northern Region, the Ilorin emirate was the first to experiment with democratic local government. It therefore had its own fair share of the emergent contestations. In Ilorin town, the headquarters of the Ilorin Emirate, the unfolding of the events associated with the emergent struggles revolved around the colonial reforms aimed at democratizing the local government, which started in the early 1950s. The reforms resulted in a struggle for the control of Ilorin between the hitherto privileged traditional ruling class and the underprivileged class of commoners. Within a period of five years, Ilorin was shaken to its very foundations by the phenomenal rise and fall of a commoners’ movement known as the Ilorin Talaka Parapo (ITP)—a movement that emerged as a champion of “tradition” but ended up as a major “enemy” of Ilorin traditional institutions and their interests. In view of the confusing signals given out by the ITP at its inception coupled with Ilorin’s peculiar circumstance both as a border territory between the North and South of Nigeria and as the only “Fulani Emirate” in Yoruba land, the ethnic conflict framework has dominated analysis of the rise and transformation of the Ilorin Commoners’ movement. Such framework, however, ignores the multi-ethnic composition of Ilorin town itself and of the membership of the Ilorin Talaka Parapo. This paper argues that the ITP was not essentially an anti-Fulani movement by Ilorin Yoruba groups; that the party’s initial commitment to tradition owed much to the local political situation in Ilorin town while its eventual advocacy for democratic radicalism was mainly a product of its transformation from a multi-ethnic based grassroots movement to a vehicle for Yoruba irredentism and ethnic nationalism that dominated the last decade of colonial rule in Nigeria.
The Current Global Economic Crisis: Implication for Best Teacher Practices for University Graduate Capacity Building in Nigeria
(IJAH Bahir Dar-Ethiopia, 2014-04-14) Hadizat Audu Salihu; Dawood Omolumen Egbefeo
The study examines the current global economic recession and its implication for best teacher practices for university graduate capacity building in Nigeria. The main thrust of the paper is the causes of the present recession, solutions and its implications for university graduate capacity building in Nigeria. The paper identifies the plummeting of the prices of real estate in the USA as the remote cause of the recession and the drying up of loanable funds in the money market as the main cause. One of the solutions the paper proffers is that Banking Institutions and other industries should be rescued so that they do not go into bankruptcy. One of the implications for university graduate capacity building in Nigeria is that students should be made to understand that at a time like this, self employment, skills acquisition after graduation is a way out in order to keep our own economy on track.
The Impact of Trade and Commercial Activities on Pre-Colonial Esan Economy up to 1900
(College of Humanities, Samuel Adegboyega University, Ogwa, Edo State, Nigeria., 2014-04-14) Hadizat Audu Salihu; Dawood Omolumen Egbefeo
The paper is a study of the impact of trade and commercial activities in pre-colonial Esan society up to 1900.
The Contributions of the Archaeology of the Nigerian Region for National Integration
(Lapai Journal of Central Nigeria History, 2014-05-13) Hadizat Audu Salihu and Dawood Omolumen Egbefo
The Imposition of Colonial Rule and the Foundations of a New Economy in Esanland, 1900-1960.
(Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, 2014-11-04) Hadizat Audu Salihu; Dawood Omolumen Egbefo
This work is concerned with the imposition of British colonial rule and the foundations of a new Economy in Esanland which transformed the society economically in an extremely narrow, manner that revolved around the particular interests of colonialism. The transformation, it must be noted, did not reproduce Esan society in the mirrow image of Western European. Although colonialism introduced some elements of capitalism into the society, the capitalist mode of production as a system was not introduced and beside it failed to solve many of the problems that had inhibited pre-colonial economic growth in Esan society, it even created new set of difficulties. The work focused on the colonial economy in Esanland with a view to understanding some elements of the colonial economic landscape which are still evident presently.
The Contributions of the Archaeology of the Nigerian Region for National Integration
(Department of History and International Studies, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria, 2014-11-12) Dawood Omolumen Egbefo and Hadizat Audu Salihu
Nigeria, a country with an estimated population of about 140 million attained independence in 1960. Since then there has been the challenge of incorporating the diverse peoples into a stable and United Nation community with the utmost goal of attaining creditable development. This paper thus with particular focus on the socio-political happenings in the country since independence bring into the limelight a bold relief the need to revisit, reinvigorate and reposition the neglected archaeology of the Nigerian region in our educational system in confronting the country’s goal or search of national integration for sustainable development processes because it is held that what is happening at present are all within the purview of archaeology of Ike Nigerian region.
Internal Security Crisis in Nigeria: Causes, Types, Effects and Solutions
(IJAH Bahir Dar-Ethiopia, 2014-11-27) Hadizat Audu Salihu; Dawood Omolumen Egbefeo
The main objective of this research is to show that the causes of internal security are inevitable and it is part of the fabrics of the society. What the society showed strive for is regulation of crisis or its amicable settlement whenever it arises. Since the extinction of security crisis seems impossible, all the society needs is a mechanism for security crisis management and control. Security crisis is inevitable because it can originate in individual and group reactions to situations of scarce recourses, to division of function within society and differentiation of power and resultant competition for scarce supplies of goods, states, valued roles and power as an end itself. A society without security threat is a dead society since security crisis is a reality of human existence and therefore a means of understanding social behavior. Thus in this paper, internal security crisis as it relates to its causes, types, effects and solutions seems a more sensible starting point in addressing the threat to Nigeria’s existence.
Ilorin and the Laderin Heritage: A Comparative Analysis of Some External and Internal Creations of Ilorin's Past
(Department of History and International Relations, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria, 2014-12) Salihu, Otukoko Ismail
Ilorin and the Laderin Heritage: A Comparative Analysis of Some External and Internal Creations of Ilorin’s Past. By SALIHU Ismail Otukoko Department of History and Heritage Studies, College of Humanities, Management and Social Sciences Kwara State University (KWASU), Malete E-mail: salisma2004@yahoo.co.uk Abstract Ilorin has been a coveted and contested polity. Indeed, contestation over Ilorin remains a phenomenon that continues to attract attention of all and sundry. Between c.1824 and 1836, the Old Oyo Yoruba violently, albeit abortively, contested the “Fulani” control over Ilorin—a contestation that ended in the military defeat and final collapse of Yoruba Empire. The central role, which Ilorin played in the collapse of Old Oyo and the 19th c. Yoruba civil wars, is identified as a major influence on early local writers of Yoruba and Ilorin history like Samuel Johnson and Samuel Ojo. It is also one of the main reasons for Yoruba irredentism and contest for Ilorin, which have continued until recent times and culminated in abortive attempts by the pan-Yoruba political party, the Action Group and its ally, the Ilorin Talaka Parapo, to transfer Ilorin to the Western Region in the 1950s. Recently, similar contestations culminated in abortive moves for “a Yoruba Oba” (so-called “Onilorin”) of Ilorin. A major feature of nearly all forms of contestation over Ilorin is the recourse to its early “history” and the tendency of contestants and commentators to explore new battle grounds and tactics including the print and electronic media—newspapers, leaflets, home videos and the internet. In all these, the traditional accounts of early Ilorin, especially those based on external sources have been central to such controversies as the so-called “Ilorin’s crisis of identity” and what is here termed “Laderin Heritage” created and imposed on Ilorin by Reverend Samuel Johnson.
From IWD to NIWA, impact on the development of Lokoja, 1956-2007
(LAP Lambert Academic Publisher, 2015-12-12) Hadizat Audu Salihu
The study examines the importance of the inland waterways in Nigeria, especially Rivers Niger and Benue, which formed a confluence at Lokoja. The organization established by the government to manage the waterways and its impact on the socio-economic development of Lokoja since 1956-2007. A probe into the history of the inland waterways enables us to capture some of the changes or trends of event, that have taken place in its host community, especially Lokoja from the earliest time till the beginning of colonial rule in 1900. This is because, for any meaningful development in a community, state, and country, there are various contributions from different people, government, religious organization and natural phenomenon. The development witnessed by Lokoja can be categorized under the afore-mentioned contributors but the role played by the inland waterways is the trust of this study. Since 1902, the colonial government set up the Marine Department of Nigeria to overlook and manage the rivers and Lokoja was chosen as the headquarters of the Department up till 1914. In 1956, the Inland Waterways Department was created to continue the duties of Marine Department and ensure the navigability of the waterways. However in 1997, the IWD was transformed into NIWA and vested with Federal power and control over Nigeria inland water. Lokoja was also chosen as the headquarters of the Authority. These trends of event on the waterways have impacted the socio-economic development of the town. From the evidence adduced from the study, it is therefore clear that despite the presence of other organizations in Lokoja, the contributions of the bodies that managed the waterways cannot be undermined.
Origin and Settlement Pattern of the People of Aliagan Quarters and their Neighbours
(Fig and Olive Limited, 2016) Salihu, Otukoko Ismail
As it is widely acknowledged, Ilorin is a melting pot of peoples and cultures. This is because of the settlement and integration of peoples of diverse origins, both from within and outside the Nigerian geographical area during the course of the 19th and 20th centuries. The settlement of various groups of people in Ilorin, for different purposes ranging from security, economic to religious and political reasons, occasioned continuous expansion of the initial extent of Ilorin city, the headquarters of the Ilorin Emirate. The progenitors of the Aliagans were among those who could be said to have caused the 'breaking' and hence the 'shifting' of the city wall to facilitate their settlement in the city. The chapter, therefore, examines the origin and settlement pattern of the people of the area of Ajikobi Ward known as "Aliagan" Quarters and their neighbours.
Migration, Settlement Pattern and Transformation in Ilorin History
(Fig and Olive Limited, 2016) Salihu, Otukoko Ismail
The chapter examines the history of migration, settlement pattern and transformation of Ilorin. The history of migration in particular is analysed under two broad periods, namely the "Pre-Islamic Period" (including the ancient, prehistoric era) up to c.1817, and the "Islamic Period", starting from the settlement of Shaikh Alimiat Ilorin in c.1817 through c.1823 when the emirate was established to the present period. Various sources and accounts on the origin of Ilorin, migration, and developments in Ilorin history are analysed and interpreted.
Traditional Histories and Historical Reconstruction of the Origin and Early History of Ilorin: A Reexamination
(Kwasu Journal of Humanities, 2018) Salihu, Otukoko Ismail
Traditional Histories and Historical Reconstruction: A Reexamination of the Traditions of the Origin and Early History of Ilorin By Ismail S. Otukoko Department of Religions, History & Heritage Studies, College of Humanities, Management and Social Sciences Kwara State University (KWASU), Malete E-mail: salisma2004@yahoo.co.uk ; ismail.salihu@kwasu.edu.ng Abstract Since the 1950s when African and Africanist historians began to use oral evidence as a veritable source for historical reconstruction of Africa’s pre-colonial past, traditional histories have continued to occupy a central stage in modern African historiography. In spite of its limitations, no serious historical inquiry into the past of Africa’s non-literate societies would ignore traditional material. The use of traditional accounts of the origin and early history of Ilorin has continued to pose serious challenges to historians and non-historians. Some reasons may be responsible for this including Ilorin’s multiethnic and multicultural configuration; inexhaustive analysis and interpretation of various versions of Ilorin’s traditional history in existing attempts at reconstructing its origin and early history, and the fact that much of Ilorin’s history up to the 1820s has not been reconsidered in the light of historical and archaeological evidence from various parts of the Old Oyo Empire and the entire region within which context the origin and early history of Ilorin is located. This paper adopts a multidisciplinary approach to reexamine the traditional accounts on the ‘origin’ and ‘early’ history of Ilorin and posits that various elements in the traditions suggest different phases in the historical evolution of Ilorin and of the developments before the late 18th century.
Ilorin Emirate: Some Aspects of the Consolidation, Socio-Political and Cultural Integration of a Multi-ethnic Community
(Centre for Ilorin Manuscripts and Culture, Kwara State University, Malete, 2019) Salihu, Otukoko Ismail; Jimba, M. Mahmood
The chapter discusses various aspects of the processes of the establishment, consolidation, socio-political and cultural integration of Ilorin Emirate during the 19th century and the roles played by various historical personalities such as Shaikh Alimi, the early Emirs such Emir Abdulsalami (reigned c.1823-c.1836); Emir Shitta (reigned c.1836-c.1860), and scholars, warriors, chiefs, etc. of the nascent emirate. The processes of inward and outward movement of people brought about by the establishment of the emirate and its initial military successes, and their impact on the phenomenon known as "Ilorin n'ile l'oko" (that is, 'Ilorin both at home [i.e. in the city] and in the villages' are explained. Other aspects of the consolidation and integration of Ilorin discussed are the process of Islamization and the role of Islam and the Ulama' (scholars of the Emirate) and their roles in the day-to-day life of the community and in the unification and socio-political integration of the emirate; Oriki (praise poems and epithets) of Ilorin and the Ilorins; the Ilorin’s hospitality and accommodation of ‘strangers, etc. all of which made Ilorin not only a melting pot of peoples and cultures but also ‘a local Mecca’ for Muslims from within and outside the Nigerian area. Various socio-cultural avenues created by the Ilorin to promote regular social intercourse and continuous harmonious inter-group relations such as games, sports, traditional music and oral performances like Waka and Were, festivals, its unique Ramadan culture, place names, etc. are highlighted.
Ilorin: An Introduction to its History and Tradition of Islamic Scholarship.
(Kwara State University Press, 2019) Salihu, Otukoko Ismail
The chapter gives an introductory historical background on Ilorin. It identifies and discusses those developments and individuals that contributed to laying the foundations of its tradition of Islamic scholarship, especially during the early 19th century.
Conducting Research and Mentoring Students in Africa CODESRIA College of Mentors Handbook
(Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa, 2019-07-02) Hadizat Audu Salihu
This chapter introduces and describes 22 African-centered research methods. They range from the ancient Egyptian Rekh method to the contemporary Kwame Nkrumah’s Consciensist method. Together, these research methods offer a healthy corrective and/or augmentation to the preceding Western/Eurocentric methods for the scientific investigation of African phenomena.

Browse

Browsing Department of History and Heritage Studies by Issue Date

Results Per Page

Sort Options