Physics and Material Science

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 104
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    Lead Adsorption in Clay and Its Application
    (EJGE, 2012) Adegoke James Adeyemo; Egbeyale Godwin Babatunde
    This work presents the adsorption capacities of some heavy metals in clay soil and its application in medical field. Nitrate of lead solution of different concentrations were prepared (400ppm, 800ppm… 6400ppm). Each concentration of lead nitrate solutions was mixed with a known volume of clay. Slabs of regular dimensions were formed from the residue after it had gone through filtration. Each slab (dried) was irradiated with x-ray radiation at different energies; 40kev, 60kev, 80kev,100kev and 120kev. Linear and mass attenuation of each slab were determined. We did this in order to check shielding ability of the adsorption capacities of heavy metals in clay soil. The research works on clay soil used mainly in building construction and pot making. A PTM UNIDOS electrometer at National Institute of Radiation Protection Research (NIRPR), University of Ibadan, was used to record the counting .A Graph of logarithm of incident intensity versus logarithm of transmitted intensity was plotted to calculate mass attenuation of the slabs at different concentrations. An Atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) was used in analyzing the concentration of heavy metals present in each sample. The results obtained from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) show that attenuation coefficient decreases as the radiation energy increases. The linear correlation coefficient between the concentration of heavy metals and attenuation coefficient was approximately
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    Performance Evaluation of UHF Wireless Digital Gait Monitoring Instrumentation for Long Range Data Transmission
    (International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, 2013-01-12) Michael Olusope Alade, Adegbenro Sunday Ajani
    This paper presents performance evaluation of a UHF wireless Gait monitoring instrumentation system for long distance. This improvised gait monitoring system consists of two basic units; a mobile transmitting unit sending signal at carrier frequency of 869.85 MHz and a stationary receiving unit placed at the base station. The system was implemented using flexi force sensor A201 connected with the aid of appropriate reference resistance to the operational amplifier LM324 whose outputs are fed into 40-pin 8-bit PIC16F877A microcontroller which is connected to the TX3B, 869.85MHz transmitter connected to micro whip antenna and the receive unit which consists of micro whip antenna connected to 869.85MHz RX3A receiver which is connected trough RS-232 line driver to a Laptop computer. Visual C++ computer programming languages were written to run the various processing stages of the signal received. The performance of the system was tested with a number of pathological patients in relative with normal subjects in form of graphical analysis of the data obtained at various intervals of time. The comparison of range of data transmission obtained with the existing ones shows good agreement. The device is highly recommended for applications where quantitative gait measurements are the optimum requirement, especially in situations where long range data transmission is highly desired.
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    Solutions of the Dirac equation with the shifted Deng Fan potential including Yukawa-like tensor interaction
    (2013-09) Yahya, W.A.; Falaye, B. J.; Oluwadare, O. J; Oyewumi, K.J
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    κ state solutions for the fermionic massive spin-½ particles interacting with double ring-shaped Kratzer and oscillator potentials
    (2014-04-12) K. J. Oyewumi; B. J. Falaye; C. A. Onate; O. J. Oluwadare; W. A. Yahya
    In recent years, an extensive survey on various wave equations of relativistic quantum mechanics with different types of potential interactions has been a line of great interest. In this regime, special attention has been given to the Dirac equation because the spin-½ fermions represent the most frequent building blocks of the molecules and atoms. Motivated by the considerable interest in this equation and its relativistic symmetries (spin and pseudospin), in the presence of solvable potential model, we attempt to obtain the relativistic bound states solution of the Dirac equation with double ring-shaped Kratzer and oscillator potentials under the condition of spin and pseudospin symmetries. The solutions are reported for arbitrary quantum number in a compact form. The analytic bound state energy eigenvalues and the associated upper- and lower-spinor components of two Dirac particles have been found. Several typical numerical results of the relativistic eigenenergies have also been presented. We found that the existence or absence of the ring shaped potential has strong effects on the eigenstates of the Kratzer and oscillator particles, with a wide band spectrum except for the pseudospin-oscillator particles, where there exist a narrow band gap.
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    Nonrelativistic and relativistic bound state solutions of the molecular Tietz potential via the improved asymptotic iteration method
    (2014-04-14) W.A. Yahya; K. Issa; B.J. Falaye; K.J. Oyewumi
    We have obtained the approximate analytical solutions of the relativistic and nonrelativistic molecular Tietz potential using the improved asymptotic iteration method. By approximating the centrifugal term through the Greene–Aldrich approximation scheme, we have obtained the energy eigenvalues and wave functions for all orbital quantum numbers [Formula: see text]. Where necessary, we made comparison with the result obtained previously in the literature. The relative closeness of the two results reveal the accuracy of the method presented in this study. We proceed further to obtain the rotational-vibrational energy spectrum for some diatomic molecules. These molecules are CO, HCl, H2, and LiH. We have also obtained the relativistic bound state solution of the Klein−Gordon equation with this potential. In the nonrelativistic limits, our result converges to that of the Schrödinger system.
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    Thermodynamic properties and the approximate solutions of the Schrödinger equation with the shifted Deng–Fan potential model
    (2014-05) Oyewumi, K. J.; Falaye, B. J.; Onate, C.; Oluwadare, O. J.; Yahya, W. A.
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    Position and momentum information‐theoretic measures of the pseudoharmonic potential
    (2015-04-14) W. A. Yahya; K. J. Oyewumi; K. D. Sen
    In this study, the information‐theoretic measures in both the position and momentum spaces for the pseudoharmonic potential using Fisher information, Shannon entropy, Renyi entropy, Tsallis entropy, and Onicescu information energy are investigated analytically and numerically. The results obtained are applied to some diatomic molecules. The Renyi and Tsallis entropies are analytically obtained in position space using Srivastava–Niukkanen linearization formula in terms of the Lauricella hypergeometric function. Also, they are obtained in the momentum space in terms of the multivariate Bell polynomials of Combinatorics. We observed that the Fisher information increases with n in both the position and momentum spaces, but decreases with for all the diatomic molecules considered. The Shannon entropy also increases with increasing n in the position space and decreases with increasing . The variations of the Renyi and Tsallis entropies with are also discussed. The exact and numerical values of the Onicescu information energy are also obtained, after which the ratio of information‐theoretic impetuses to lengths for Fisher, Shannon, and Renyi are obtained. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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    Approximate Analytical Solutions of the Improved Tietz and Improved Rosen-Morse Potential Models
    (2015-06-12) Yahya Wasiu Akanni; Issa Kazeem
    In this article, the approximate analytical solutions of the improved Tietz and improved Rosen-Morse potential models are obtained using the parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov method. The energy eigenvalues and wave functions are obtained in the relativistic realm by solving the Klein-Gordon equation. Numerical results of the energy eigenvalues are obtained and studied.
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    Exact and Approximate Solutions of Some Potential Energy Functions for Diatomic Molecules
    (2015-07) Olufadi, Y.; Salami I.; Yahya, W. A.; Adelani, M.
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    Quantum information entropies for the $$\ell $$ ℓ -state Pöschl–Teller-type potential
    (2016-04-14) W. A. Yahya; K. J. Oyewumi; K. D. Sen
    In this study, we obtained the position–momentum uncertainties and some uncertainty relations for the Pöschl–Teller-type potential for any . The radial expectation values of r −2 , r 2 and p 2 are obtained from which the Heisenberg Uncertainty principle holds for the potential model under consideration. The Fisher information is then obtained and it is observed that the Fisher-information-based uncertainty relation and the Cramer–Rao inequality hold for this even power potential. Some numerical and graphical results are displayed.
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    Effect of CEC of clay on thermal conductivity
    (Malaysian Journal of Science, 2016-12) Adegoke J A; Egbeyale G B
    The thermal conductivity of clay doped with different concentrations of nitrate of heavy metals is presented in this study. Clay sample from Omi Adio, Ibadan, Southwestern part of Nigeria was used to investigate this work. Cation exchange, which occurs naturally with soil water, was the method explored to carry out the investigation. A microprocessor-based thermal analyzer was used to determine the thermal conductivity while Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the heavy metal concentration. 52.0 g clay sample was mixed with 70 cm3 of nitrate of Pb (II), Cd (II), Zn (II), Cr (II), Fe (II), Hg(II), Cu (II), and Ni (II) solutions at different concentrations; after which slabs of dimensions 4cm x 4cm x 1cm were made from the mixture of the clay sample with aqueous solutions of different concentrations and the thermal conductivities determined. Thermal conductivity values were plotted against concentration of nitrate of heavy metals; 400 ppm, 800 ppm, 1600 ppm, 3200 ppm and 6400 ppm. Results showed that thermal conductivity of clay increases with increase in the concentration of heavy metal adsorbed by the clay to an optimum level. The lowest thermal conductivity was found to be 0.06W/mK (for control clay) and the highest was found to be 0.38W/mK (at 6400ppm, Copper). For all the samples, thermal conductivity increases as the concentration of heavy metals increases to a certain optimum level above which cation exchange is no longer possible. From the results, it was concluded that the increase of concentration of heavy metals adsorbed by clay during cation exchange process contributes to its thermal conductivity
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    Attenuation characteristic of clay irradiated with x-ray in the range between 40keV and 129 keV
    (IOSR, 2017-12) Egbeyale Godwin B; Adegoke james A; Faluyi Oludotun O
    The linear attenuation coefficient of clay at varying incident of energies is an important characteristic that needs to be studied and determined prior to using such a material in radiation protection. The linear attenuation coefficient and intensity as well as thickness were determined for natural clay (A) and artificially contaminated clay (B) to assess their use in radiation shielding. A narrow collimated beam of x-rays from sources with varying energies were passed through various thicknesses of clay slabs. The attenuation in the incident intensity of the beam was determined for each thickness of the clay slabs. Linear attenuation coefficients of A and B were compared with that of concrete. The results showed that linear attenuation coefficient value of artificially contaminated clay is higher than concrete by 37 % at 40keV.Therefore, artificially contaminated clay is a good absorber of radiation and can be used as x-ray wall material.
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    Exploration for iron ore in Agbado-Okudu, Kogi State, Nigeria
    (2017-12-19) Nurudeen Kolawole Olasunkanmi; Olufemi S. Bamigboye; Adebayo Aina
    This report details the result of geophysical exploration for iron ore; which involved vertical magnetic intensity (∆Z) and gravity measurements, to delineate the geometry and depth extent of the deposit and acquiring quantitative and qualitative information for pre-drilling purposes in Agbado-Okudu. It is located about 3 km from Jakura along Lokoja-Jakura marble quarry and within low latitude precambrian basement complex district of Kogi State, Nigeria. A total of 517 magnetic measurement points along 16 traverses and 330 gravity reading along 11 profiles on the deposit in northeast–southwest azimuth were undertaken. The magnetic and gravity data enhancement involved linear regression curve fitting and fast Fourier transform, which were used to construct residual magnetic (RM) and gravity (RG) anomalies, analytic signal amplitude, Euler deconvolution at varying spectral indices (SI), power spectrum, and source parameter image (SPI), using the submenu of Geosoft Oasis Montaj software. Interpretation of the RM and RG anomalies revealed a primary causative body which perfectly correlates the positive anomalies and iron ore deposit, in form of a horizontal or gently dipping dyke with strike length of 600 m and average width of 110–130 m, within the gneiss complex in the north and trending south of the area. A secondary causative body associated with the negative anomalies and inferred as a vertical/near vertical thin sheet striking northeast–southwest coincided with the granitic and quartzitic intrusion. The NW–SE and E–W lineament trend conformed Kibarian and Liberian orogeny cycles of generally known structural trends in Nigeria, which shows that the iron ore deposit is structurally controlled. Depths to sources were estimated within range ≤ 2–24 m and 37.5–60 m, regarded as shallow and relatively deep depths, respectively. Ten vertical boreholes ranging in depth between 50 and 100 m are recommended, five of which require a priority attention to ascertain the thickness of the primary causative body.
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    Comparison of double-folding effective interactions within the cluster model
    (2018) B. D. C. Kimene Kaya; S. M. Wyngaardt; T. T. Ibrahim; W. A. Yahya
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    CHARACTERIZATION OF THERMAL PROPERTIES BEHAVIOUR OF CLAY IN EKITI STATE, SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA
    (Nigerian Association of Mathematical Physics, 2018) Egbeyale Godwin B; Adegoke Jame A
    Thermal quality of material is a useful property in building engineering. Today we deal with increasing requirements for quality of brick products, particularly in terms of thermal properties. These characteristics of products depend on many factors, such as conductivity. This paper presents results of the thermal properties of clay slabs, sampled at five different locations in Ekiti state. KD2 probe was used to determine the thermal properties of the slabs. Thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat capacity range from 0.12 to 0.17 W/mK; 6.62 to 10.9 m2 /s and 8.5x10 3 to 9.85x10 3 J/kgK, respectively. The results are useful data for builders and agriculturists.