Department Of Zoology

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Acaricidal Efficacy of Cassia sieberiana DC (Caesalpinaceae) Stem Bark Aqueous Extract on Hyalomma KOCH, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) Reproductive Stages
(Arid Zone Journal of Basic and Applied Research, 2025-02) Abdullahi A. Biu; Maimunatu A. Abdulkadir; Saidu I.Ngulde; ThankGod E. Onyiche; Umar A. Maina; Raliat Aliyu; Aliyu M. Danzaria
One of the most significant challenges facing tick control through chemical acaricides is resistance and environmental pollution, encouraging the need for natural plant products that are less toxic and environment friendly. This study was conducted to determine the acaricidal efficacy of Cassia sieberiana stem bark aqueous extract on Hyalomma species using immersion testing for egg-hatch inhibition and adult mortality. Both tests used ascending extract concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%, at durations of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 hours. Egg-hatch inhibition peaked at 5% concentration at 8hrs, 10% and 15% at 7 and 8hrs and 20% at 5, 6, 7 and 8hrs while adult mortality was highest at 20% concentration. There was a positive correlation between graded extract concentration, immersion period, egg-hatch inhibition and adult mortality. The LC50 values for adult mortality and egg hatch inhibition were 13.1 mg/mL and 13.7 mg/mL and coefficient of determination were y = 3.7x +1.5 and y = 3.062 + 8.12 respectively. Both LC50 values were almost similar indicating a strong association between extract concentration and acaricidal activity in vitro.