Determining the Properties of Unfired Stabilized Kaolinitic Clay Brick for Sustainable Construction
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Date
2024-05-14
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Abstract
Kaolin, a crucial industrial mineral, owes its diverse applications to its unique chemistry and structural characteristics. Despite its significance, limited research has focused on the properties
of unfired bricks stabilized with lime. This study aims to assess the viability of unfired kaolinitic clay bricks for sustainable construction. Various physical and refractory properties were determined
through meticulous pre-treatment and analysis of material samples, encompassing chemical composition, microstructure, moisture content, dry density, linear shrinkage, plastic index, and
crushing strength. Characterization tests indicate a predominant composition of silicon and alumina oxides in the clay. Additional tests on the clay revealed a specific gravity of 2.66 and classified it as
low plasticity according to the Unified Soil Classification System. River sand, categorized as medium to fine (0.06 – 3 mm), with a fineness modulus of 3.03% and uniform grading was used with lime for
stabilizing the clay. Stabilization of the clay with sand and lime led to a decrease in maximum dry density and optimal moisture content. Lime stabilization notably reduced plasticity, liquid limits, and
the plasticity index, rendering the clay less plastic and more permeable. While the stabilization process resulted in decreased compression and flexural strengths, it concurrently increased the clay’s
water absorption capacity. These findings suggest the potential utilization of stabilized kaolinitic clay in unfired forms for earth construction, offering enhanced durability.