What Impact Does the Uptake of Climate-Smart Agricultural Practices have on Rural Household Income? Evidence from Nigeria
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Date
2023
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Abstract
Recent studies have verified the importance of adopting CSA practices to reduce
greenhouse gases (GHGs), combat climate change, and boost food security and farmers
welfare. However, there have been few studies that have examined the causal impact of CSA
practices on household income. This paper assesses the impact of adoption of CSA practices on
farming households’ income in Northern Nigeria. Our sample consists of cross-sectional data
of 480 (160 adopters and 320 non-adopters of CSA) rural farming households selected using
randomize control trial (RCT) from three Northern States in Nigeria. This study employed
propensity score matching (PSM) to establish the causal effect of adoption of CSA on
households’ income while inverse probability-weighted regression adjustment (IPWRA) was
used to controlled for selection bias that may arise from both observed and unobserved factors.
We found that, age, education, farm size, access to extension, membership of association, and
access to climatic information are positive and statistically significant influencing adoption of
CSA practices among farming households. The empirical findings revealed that adoption
significantly impacts the farming households’ income across the two estimators used. This
highlights the importance of promoting adoption of CSA practices among rural farming
households. Our findings emphasize that enlightenment campaign on CSA practices, access to
extension and climate information, education of farming households, the size of farmland
cultivated and group formation should be promoted in order to scale up its adoption and
increase households’ income.