Effectiveness of Selected Low Impact Development (LIDS) for Sustainable Stormwater Management in Fast-Urbanizing Residential Areas
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Date
2024-06-24
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Abstract
The global trend of urbanization has led to the widespread conversion of natural land cover to impermeable surfaces. This, in turn, is hindering water infiltration and exacerbating runoff from precipitation. This phenomenon has detrimental effects on the natural environment and water quality. To address these issues of stormwater generation, this study employed the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) in conjunction with MapWindow Geographical Information System (GIS) v4.X, a hydrologic data software for data, visualization, editing, and integration with other modeling tools to simulate the impact of various Low Impact Developments (LIDs) on mitigating stormwater in the study area. The study area was divided into six sub-basins within the GIS environment and imported into SWMM to assess the effects of selected LIDs, including green roofs, rain gardens, vegetative swales, and permeable pavements. The SWAT model was used to predict water flow in the Malete watershed and surface runoff. The study identified areas susceptible to erosion and categorized them as low, moderate, severe, and extreme. The results
showed that permeable pavements exhibited the highest reduction rate, reducing stormwater by approximately 50% across all sub-basins, while green roofs showed the lowest reduction rate of only 0.003%. Regional calibration was implemented, revealing a significant correlation of 71% between simulated and observed flows in the study area. The findings of this study can serve as a valuable decision-support tool for stakeholders and authorities when selecting appropriate LID practices to mitigate the urban impact of stormwater generation.