In-Vivo Evaluation of the Antiplasmodial Effect of Amodiaquine and Amodiaquine-Promethazine Combination in Plasmodium berghei Infected Mice
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Date
2011-06
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
International Journal of Health Research, Poracom Academic Publishers. Available at http://www.ijhr.org
Abstract
Purpose: Antihistamine H1 receptor antagonists like promethazine
(PR) are capable of reversing resistance of Plasmodium falciparum
to some antimalarials drugs like amodiaquine (AQ). This work was
carried out to evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of amodiaquine
and amodiaquine-promethazine combination in Plasmodium berghei
infected mice.
Methods: Groups of mice (112) infected with chloroquine resistant
Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain were treated with 10mg/kg
amodiaquine alone for three days or 10mg/kg AQ combined with
graded doses (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 mg/kg) of PR twice daily over 7
days). Thin blood films were used to assess parasitemia for 60 days.
Results: Therapeutic effect of AQ combined with graded doses of
PR was dose-dependent with the combination of AQ and the highest
concentration of PR (50mg/kg) having the shortest parasite clearance
time (PCT) (1.28± 0.49) days and longest recrudescence time (RT)
of (17.33±11.86 days) compare to AQ alone. The mean PCT was
significantly reduced as doses of PR increased up to 50mg/kg
(P<0.01). The survival rates (93.8% and 50%) in the group of
animals receiving 50mg/kg of PR plus AQ and AQ alone,
respectively were significantly different (P<0.01).
Conclusion: Promethazine potentiates the therapeutic effects of
amodiaquine against the chloroquine resistant P. berghei infection in
male albino mice.