Phytoavailablility and fractionation of cadmium and lead in vegetable farm soils in Ilorin, north-central, Nigeria
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Date
2021-05-03
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Ife Journal of Science
Abstract
Heavy metal dynamics, bioavailability and fractionation are of great importance to measure soil toxicity, remediation strategies and availability in soil. However, reports showed that not much has been done to evaluate these parameters in vegetable farm soils in Ilorin metropolis. These parameters aid in assessing and extent of heavy metal viability in soil. Therefore, soils were collected from major vegetable farms in Ilorin metropolis, sorted, air-dried, ground, and pretreated for further analysis. Thus, this study investigated the bioavailable Cd and Pb and their fractionation in vegetable farm soils in Ilorin metropolis. These experiments were conducted by single extraction procedure, sequential extraction and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, alongside analysis of some key soil properties. The results showed that the soil pH ranged from 6.62±0.04 to 7.18±0.03, organic matter 2.05 ±00% to 3.50±005% and cation exchangeable capacity 3.68±0.02 cmolc/kg to 8.63 ±0.03 cmolc/kg. The target heavy metals in the sampling areas were potentially bioavailable with phytoavailable concentration ranges of 0.00±0.00 mg/kg to 0.67±0.14 mg/kg for Cd and 0.33±0.03 mg/kg to 6.25±0.25mg/kg for Pb. The target heavy metals showed a high viability of the soluble and exchangeable form in most soils and in both seasons which would greatly contribute to their availability to plant uptake and soil toxicity. There is also a threat of oxidization of the potentially available Cd and Pb in other forms due to pH ranges of most of the studied soils. Therefore, vegetable farm soils in Ilorin metropolis are polluted with Cd and Pb and may have high risk of causing human health problems when vegetables grown on the soils are consumed; which calls for remediation of most of the soils.
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Ben-Uwabor et al. (2020). Heavy Metal Status of Major Vegetable Farmsoils in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. Vol. 24 (3) 467- 472. DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v24i3.11