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A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF HONEY AND SOME SELECTED BEVERAGES ON HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN MALE WISTAR RATS
(Al-Hikmah Journal of Education (AHJE)., 2020-06-21) A. Oluwasola; A.O. Akiode; O.E. Ayoola; A. T. Woleola; Garba Sa’adu
This study investigated a comparative study of the effects of honey and some selected beverages on haematological parameters in male wistar rats. Twenty five male rats (180-220g) were assigned into 5 groups of 5 animals each, such that the rats in groups I, II, III, IV and V received orally 1mL distilled water, 0.2mg/kg body weight (BW) of honey, 0.2mg/kg BW of vitamin C, 0.3mg/kg body weight (BW) of zobo and 0.2mg/kg BW of cocoa power, respectively. White blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), neutrophils, eosinophils, pack cell volume (PVC), haemoglobin (Hb) and lymphocytes were measured using standard methods. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in WBC, lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils for all the treated groups when compared to the control. However, there were significant increase (p<0.05) in RBC, Hb and PVC for honey, zobo and cocoa powder -treated groups when compared to vitamin c-treated group and the control. There were also significant increase (p<0.05) in RBC and Hb for honey and zobo-treated groups when compared to cocoa powder, vitamin c-treated groups and the control. This study showed that honey, zobo and cocoa powder stimulate haematological parameters most especially, RBC, PCV and Hb respectively. It is therefore recommended that honey, zobo and cocoa powder could be taken by people with shortage of RBC, PCV and Hb respectively. In addition, honey and zobo are highly recommended because of their high stimulatory effects on haematological parameters.
Ameliorative Effect of Melatonin on Reproductive Hormones in Ethanol Extracts of Cannabis sativa-Treated Female Wistar Rats
(The Nigerian Society for Experimental Biology (NISEB), 2022) A. Oluwasola; O.E. Ayoola; A. F. Odetayo; Garba Saa’du; L.A. Olayaki
This study investigated the effects of melatonin and ethanol extracts of Cannabis-sativa on reproductive hormones in female rats. Twenty female rats were assigned into four groups of five animals each, such that the rats in groups 1, 2, 3and 4 received orally 1mL distilled water, 2mg/kg of ethanol extract of Cannabis sativa (EECS), 2mg/kg of EECS+4mg/kg of melatonin and 4mg/kg of melatonin, respectively for 14 days. Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), oestradiol (E), progesterone and prolactin were quantified according to the instruction provided by assay kit manufacturers, using microplate immunoenzymometric (EMA/ELISA) assays. EECS significantly (p<0.05) decreased GnRH, FSH, LH, E, progesterone and prolactin levels respectively when compared with the control. However, co-administration of melatonin with EECS significantly (p<0.05) increased all the aforementioned reproductive hormones to the level comparable with the control. Histological study of hypothalamus and pituitary gland revealed that EECS-treated rats showed scanty and shrink nissl bodies and severe degeneration of acidophils and basophils when compared with the control. These pathological changes were ameliorated by melatonin. This study concluded that the effects of CS on reproductive hormones could be mediated by damage to the endocrine system. However, these effects of EECS on the reproductive hormones could be ameliorated by melatonin. The study recommended that consumption of melatonin could be used as supplement to prevent the side effects of EECS on the reproductive hormones.
Assessment of Microbiological Quality of Ready to Eat Food Served in Ships Along Warri, Koko and Port Harcourt Water Ways, Nigeria
(Science publication, 2022-03-11) Yusuf Babatunde Adiama; Olawale Henry Sawyerr; Opasola Afolab Olaniyi; Alero Favour Fregene; Mubarakat Alabede; Raimi Morufu Olalekan
Food borne outbreaks have been associated with sourcing unsafe food. Therefore, the first preventative strategy should be to source safe food. Even if the sourced food is safe, measures need to be put in place to ensure that it remains safe during the tra nsfer, storage, preparation and serving activities that follow. An understanding of the ship food supply and trans- fer chain will help to illustrate the points at which the food can become contaminated en route to the point of consumption. Objectives: The study was conducted in selected sea port in the core Niger Delta to assessed the microbiological quality of food served at different ship galley to crew and passengers and compered it to standard. Methods: Samples of food were taken from three (Port Harcourt Area one (PHSP), Warri (WSP) and Koko (KSP)) seaports within the South-South zone for laboratory analysis to uncover food spoilage microorganisms capable of causing disease outbreak among ship which could result to Trans border diseases. Eleven samples of different ready to eat food were collected from the locations, which included cooked rice; fried fish, irish potato porridge, vegetable soup, griki, pepper soup, fried irish potato, salad and bread were collected randomly. The samples were prepared and analyzed using standard procedures. Mean viable counts of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were determined, ranging from (13×103cfu/g to 78×104 cfu/g) for ready to eat food. Results: Based on the finding KSP I, KSP J and KSP K food samples had the highest bac- terial contamination on food while WSP F, WSP G and WSP H food samples had the least with the following isolates Salmonella spp, Nocardia spp, Shigella spp, Listeria spp, Bacillus cereus, Leuconostoc spp, Acinetobacter spp, Acetobacter spp, campylobacter spp, Clostridium spp and Vibrio spp which revealed that the isolates were susceptible to any of these antibiotics Septrin, Chloramphenicol, Gentamycin, Tarvid, Streptomycin, Reflacin, Augumetin, Ceporex, Nalidixic acid, Ampicillin, Ciproflox, Penicil- lin and Erythromycin. Conclusion: Thus, ships operators and regulatory body are expected to take all practicable measures to ensure that they do not receive unsafe or unsuitable food and maintain adequate food temperature at all time.monitoring in place.
No One Is Leaving This Time
(escientificlibrary, 2022-04-22) Yusuf Babatunde Adiama; Solomon Olayinka Adewoye; Opasola Afolabi Olaniyi; Habeeb Modupe Lateefat; Abdullahi Ahmed; Morufu Olalekan Raimi
Historically, ships have played an important role in transmitting infectious diseases around the world. The spread of cholera pandemics in the 19 th century was thought to be linked to trade routes and facilitated by merchant shipping. The international maritime traffic of people and goods has often contributed to the spread of pathogens affecting public health. To assess level of awareness and knowledge of international Health regulation (IHR 2005) content among port health officer Methods: The study design was descriptive cross-sectional evaluation, questionnaires were used to capture the respondents’ knowledge, awareness and sanitary condition of ship in accordance with (IHR 2005) On awareness and knowledge, Majority of the respondent (77.1 %) demonstrate good awareness of the IHR (2005), while 22.9% had not and some even testified of hearing the said document for the first time. Despite the fact that majority of respondent were aware but only 24.6% of them can actually demonstrate good knowledge of IHR (2005) and its intent to protect and prevent spread of disease along the international route.There is need to improve the knowledge of port health officers by expand training and guidance on application of the IHR’s to frontline officer at point of entries. Also ensure more thorough inspection and avoid influence of ship agent during inspection of ship
The Therapeutic Potential of cola nitida in Health and Disease: A Review
(2023) Sanusi, K. A.; Usman, U. Z; Usman, D.; Adeshina, K. A; Uthman, Y. A; Jimoh, L.; Imam-Fulani, A. O
Cola nitida, also known as Kola nut, is a tropical plant native to West Africa and has a rich history of traditional medicinal use. In this narrative review, we aim to provide an overview of the protective effects of Cola nitida in various health and disease states. Cola nitida has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties, and its bioactive compounds include caffeine, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and phenolics. These compounds contribute to its potential therapeutic effects. Here, we examine the potential benefits of Cola nitida in several areas of health, discussing its role in cognitive function, cardiovascular health, immune system function, gastrointestinal health, and metabolic and endocrine health. Relevant original articles available from PubMed, African Journals Online (AJOL), SCOPUS, and Google Scholar were retrieved using the keywords “cola” AND “nitida” without date restriction until July 17, 2023. Evidence suggests that Cola nitida may have positive effects on health, with indications of adverse effects only from its chronic usage. However, more research is needed to establish its efficacy and safety. Cola nitida holds promise as a natural remedy for various health conditions. Understanding the benefits and limitations of Cola nitida will contribute to its effective utilization in health and disease management
The Therapeutic Potential of Cola nitida in Health and Disease
(Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry, 2023) Sanusi, Kamaldeen Olalekan; Usman, Zayyanu Umar; Usman, Dawoud; Adeshina, Kehinde Ahmad; Uthman, Yaaqub Abiodun; Jimoh, Lukman; Imam-Fulani, Aminat Omolola
Cola nitida, also known as Kola nut, is a tropical plant native to West Africa and has a rich history of traditional medicinal use. In this narrative review, we aim to provide an overview of the protective effects of Cola nitida in various health and disease states. Cola nitida has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties, and its bioactive compounds include caffeine, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and phenolics. These compounds contribute to its potential therapeutic effects. Here, we examine the potential benefits of Cola nitida in several areas of health, discussing its role in cognitive function, cardiovascular health, immune system function, gastrointestinal health, and metabolic and endocrine health. Relevant original articles available from PubMed, African Journals Online (AJOL), SCOPUS, and Google Scholar were retrieved using the keywords “cola” AND “nitida” without date restriction until July 17, 2023. Evidence suggests that Cola nitida may have positive effects on health, with indications of adverse effects only from its chronic usage. However, more research is needed to establish its efficacy and safety. Cola nitida holds promise as a natural remedy for various health conditions. Understanding the benefits and limitations of Cola nitida will contribute to its effective utilization in health and disease management. Keywords: bioactive compounds; Cola nitida; Kola nut; therapeutic effects; traditional medicine.
Melatonin Mitigates Hormonal Toxicity in Cannabis -Treated Female Wistar Rats
(African Journals Online (AJOL), 2023-05-29) A. Oluwasola; O.E. Ayoola; Garba Saa'du; M.A. Adepoju; S.A. Biliaminu; L.A. OLayaki
Cannabis which is obtained from the flowering tops, Cannabis is obtained from the flowering tops, leaves and resin of the female plant of Cannabis sativa leaves and resin of the female plant of Cannabis sativa L. (family Cannabidaceae), is the most commonly L. (family Cannabidaceae), is the most commonly abused illicit drugs worldwide. It is also one of the abused illicit drugs worldwide1 with medicinal uses.2 commonly abused substances by women of The active component, Ä9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Ä9- childbearing age. Researchers have shown that THC), has been used for treating migraine headache, Cannabinoids have negative effects on the activity of glaucoma, nausea, and anorexia. However, its gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)-secreting detrimental effects on reproductive system have been neurons by direct and indirect mechanisms. Thus, reported. Marijuana is one of the commonly abused researches are needed to mitigate these side effects of substances by women of childbearing age.3 It has been Cannabis-sativa(CS) because of its recreational reported that about 64-79% of female are cannabis purposes which are increasing rapidly. This study users' nationwide3 which can lead to pregnancy loss.4 investigated the effects of CS on hormonal toxicity and Cannabinoids have also been reported to have negative the ameliorative role of melatoninin female rats. effects on the activity of gonadotropin releasing CS significantly (p<0.05) decreased hormone (GnRH)-secreting neurons by direct and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle indirect mechanisms.5,6,7 Moreover, it has been shown stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), to have direct oestrogenic effect on the uterus 8 leading Oestrogen (E), progesterone and prolactin levels of the to the binding of 3â-estradiol to oestrogen receptors.9 It cannabis-treated female ratsrespectively. However,all also has direct effect on the ovary 1011thus, inhibiting these hormones were significantly (p<0.05) reducedby ovarian prostaglandin synthesis which is involved in co-administration of CS with melatonin to the level follicular rupturing during ovulation.11CBR1 is mostly comparable to the control. expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) where it This study showed the hormonal toxicity mediates the central cannabinoids actions. caused by CS which could be mediated by endocrine Peripherally, its expression has been shown to be disruption in female rats. However, these effects could present in the reproductive tissues.12In addition, CB1 be ameliorated by melatonin. Since the consumption of has been found to also be present in the ovary, uterine CS is increasing globally because of its medical uses endometrium, testis, vas deferens, urinary bladder, and leading to its legalization, therefore, consumption of other peripheral endocrine and neurological tissues. melatonin as supplement may be recommended for its CB2 receptors, in contrast, have a fairly limited users. distribution, being found predominantly in immune cells,14mast cells,15 immune cells (B and natural killer cells.
Effect of Acute Administration of Ethanol Extract of Cannabis sativa Leaf on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Male and Female Wistar Rats
(Society for Experimental Biology of Nigeria (NISEB), 2023-06-30) Amuda Oluwasola; M.E. Balogun; A.F. Odetayo; O.E. Ayoola; S.S. Muzzammill; E.B. Mariam; S.O. Zainab; V.J. Nkemdili; O.J. Adekunle; O.J. Deborah; N.H. Aishat; A.M. Comfort
Oxidative stress is a phenomenon caused by an imbalance between production and accumulation of oxygen reactive species (ROS) in the cells and tissues and the ability of a biological system to detoxify these reactive products. This study investigated the acute effect of different doses of ethanolic extract annabis sativa (EECS) on oxidative stress biomarkers in male (M) and female (F) Wister rats. Twenty male rats (170 g ± 1.24) and twenty female rats (150 g ± 1.05) were separately assigned into four groups of five animals each for male and female, such that the rats in groups IM and IF, IIM and IIF, IIIM and IIIF and IVM and IVF received orally 1 mL of distilled water, 2 mg/kg body weight (BW) of EECS, 4 mg/kg BW of EECS and 6 mg/kg BW of EECS respectively for twenty one (21) days. Catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione reductase (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined using standard methods. Administration of different doses (2 mg/kg BW, 4 mg/kg BW and 6 mg/kg BW) of EECS significantly (p<0.05) decreased catalase, SOD, GPx, GSH and TAC levels respectively when compared with the control. However, Cannabis sativa (CS) increased MDA and LDH levels significantly (p<0.05) when compared with the control. It was deduced that these alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers were dependent on the doses of CS consumed. Thus, the more the concentration of CS consumed, the more it may affect oxidative stress biomarkers negatively. In addition, all these effects of CS on oxidative stress biomarkers were more in male than in female.
Malaria Endemicity: A Survey of Antimalarial Herbal Products in Ijebu Ode, Nigeria
(federal University Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences (DUJOPAS), 2023-09-19) Olaniyi Afolabi Opasola, Edet Otto, Kayode Ogunyemi, and John Salami
Empirical evidence has shown that approximately 80% of the global population uses herbal medicines as primary care, especially in developing nations, particularly Nigeria. Despite this, an estimated 95% of global cases of malaria occur in Africa, with Nigeria accounting for approximately 27%. Therefore, the current study investigated the prevalence of antimalarial herbal medicinal products in Ijebu-Ode for the fight against malaria endemicity. It explored their regulatory registration and active plant components, considering the documented evidence of their use for treating malaria. A cross-sectional study was adopted in the collection of empirical data and analyzed in SPSS (version 23.0), while spatial data were analyzed in ARC-GIS, and the results were graphically presented using pictorial variables. The results revealed the availability of approximately 18 different antimalarial herbal products, of which 72.2% were registered with regulatory agencies. Similarly, the herbal products were shown to contain more than one plant species as their active component (Azadirachta indica (83.3%), Nauclea latifolia (55.6%), and Enantia chlorantia (44.4%), which may be responsible for multiple indications (typhoid (83.3%), yellow fever (38.9%), and cold (33.3%). The results of this study provide valuable insights for developing evidence-based policies to standardize and regulate herbal remedies, particularly for combating malaria and other endemic conditions. These findings have implications for public health and the development of effective strategies to address the challenges posed by malaria in Nigeria and other similar regions.
Effect of Cannabis sativa on Haematological Parameters in Male and Female Wistar Rats
(ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL of MEDICAL TOXICOLOGY, 2024) Oluwasola, Amuda; Jimoh, Lukman; ADEDOKUN, MODUPE COMFORT
Background: Consumption of Cannabis sativa (CS) (Marijuana), a well-known psychoactive substance may impose serious side effects on the body cells. This study aims to investigate the effects of CS on both male and female Wistar rats to identify the potential sex differences and examine specific blood parameters to understand cannabis’s impact (taking into consideration, dose-dependent) on blood health. Method: Administration of CS was done by oral cannula daily for 21 days. All the groups have free access to food and water. At the end of 21 days, all the animals were sacrificed and haematological parameters were measured using microplateimmunoenzymometric (EMA/ELISA) assays. Results: We observed that pack cell volume (PCV), Red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin, basophil, eosinophil and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of the groups treated with high doses ( 4 and 6mg/kgbw) of CS were each significantly (p<0.05) decrease in both male and female groups than the control and low dose (2mg/kgbw) respectively. However, platelet, white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were each increased significantly (p<0.05) in both male and female groups treated with high doses of CS than the control and low dose respectively. There was no significant difference in mean corpuscular haemoglobin among the groups in both males and females. Additionally, there was no significant difference in all the haematological parameters between the control and 2mg/kg bw for both male and female groups. Conclusion: This study showed that CS seriously affected dose-dependent haematological parameters. However, these effects were more pronounced in males than in female rats. Keywords: Dose-dependent, Short-term, Sex differences, Blood health

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