Faculty of Engineering and Technology

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    Controlling the Periodic Flux of Solar Radiation into an Adobe Storage System for Onions: Part1 – Slab and Foam Roof Combination,
    (Nigerian Journal of Renewable Energy.10, (1&2), 2002, 108-116. Sokoto Energy Research Centre (Energy Commission of Nigeria) Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto., 2002) 11. Maduekwe, A.A.L., Balogun, S. W. and Garba, B.
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    MESSAGE ABOUT LOVE TO WHO DENIED IT
    (GOOD LUCK, ILORIN, 2010-02-10) ALFABANNI TUNDE AHMED
    THIS EXPLAINED THE GAP BETWEEN AGAPE AND FAKE LOVE THAT EXISTING IN HUMAN LIFE..
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    Thermo-physical properties of rubber seed useful in the design of storage structure
    (Chinese Intitution of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 2012) Adeshina Fadeyibi; Zinash Delebo Osunde
    This study was carried out to determine the thermo-physical properties of rubber seed in the moisture range of 9.1% to 14.8% (w.b.). The length, width, thickness, measured surface area, bulk density and true density increased with increasing moisture content with high coefficients of determination (significant at p<0.05). Their optimum values at 14.8% moisture content were 17.00 mm, 11.94 mm, 8.26 mm, 285.20 mm2, 295.00 kg/m3 and 470.67 kg/m3, respectively. The angle of repose increased as moisture content increased with low coefficient of determination and has optimum value of 28.81°at 14.8% moisture content. The specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity decreased linearly while thermal diffusivity increased exponentially with an increase in moisture content (significant at p<0.05). The optimum values of specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity and diffusivity at 14.8% moisture content were 55.84 kJ/(kg.K), 0.032 W/(m.K) and 1.93×10-9 m2/s,respectively. The results are essential in the design of storage structure for rubber seed
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    DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER INTERFACE PROGRAM FOR THE MAINTENANCE PLANNING AND SCHEDULING OF DANGOTE FLOUR MILLS, ILORIN, NIGERIA
    (FACULTY of ENGINEERING ‐ HUNEDOARA, ROMANIA, 2012) Ajao, K. R.; Issa, W. A.; Muhammed, B. H.
    This work developed an interface for the planning and scheduling of plant maintenance operations at Dangote Flour Mills, Ilorin Nigeria. The focus of this computer based maintenance planning is to ensure continuous operations of equipment, plant and machineries and reduce operation stoppages or downtimes. It provides interactive modules whereby industrial activities can be assigned to employees by the company's management while employees can have an immediate view of job schedule, simplifies the process of requesting for work to be performed and manage the issuance of work permits, control parts and inventory, keep good record of equipment and appropriate safety management through proper documentation of accidents that may occur in plant operations among others. The paper form of planning and scheduling industrial work activities is tedious, past maintenance and scheduling records are always difficult to retrieve and in many instances when the stock level becomes zero all industrial production seizes and its attendant consequences.
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    Computer Aided Design and Drafting of Helical Gears
    (2012) Akinnuli B. O; Ogedengbe T. I; Oladosu K. O
    An interactive user friendly low cost software called “CADDgear” was developed in this study to facilitate the design and drafting of helical and spur gears thereby generating reliable data for use in manufacturing process. The software was developed, using JAVA programming language, as a tool for determining the design parameters and producing accurate and efficient 3D (three dimensional) and 2D (two dimensional) detail working drawings of helical gears. The study considered the existing approaches in use for the design of helical gears and then established a design analysis procedure for helical gear design. The established procedure was implemented through the developed software so that a substantial saving in term of time and cost of production of the design is obtained. The outcome of this research would enhance the designer’s productivity by reducing the time required to synthesis, analyze and document helical gear design. This would permit a thorough analysis of a large number of design alternatives. Results generated by the software shows very good agreement with that obtained through manual calculation using the established procedure. It was observed that the developed software successfully increase productivity over manual gear design and drafting by approximately thirty-four times in term of the time required for the design
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    Analysis of Two Dimensional Heat Transfer Problem Using Spreadsheet Approach
    (Energy Technology and Management conference, 2012) A.A Oladosu; I.F Odesola; A.S Olawore
    The storage of thermal energy in the form of sensible and latent heat has become an important aspect of energy management with the emphasis on efficient use and conservation of the waste heat and solar energy in industry and buildings. Heat storage materials absorb heat through standard heat transfer mechanisms, e.g., radiation, conduction, and convection. The need for developing software for solving these problems become imperative because it has necessary functions for solving a large class of engineering problems. The aim of this project is to demonstrate how Spreadsheet can be used for solving heat transfer problems in an arbitrary geometry. Survey was carried out on various geometries. An example considered was a chimney. The symmetry of the geometry was considered. Energy balances were obtained and finite difference formulations were made. Finite difference equations for various nodes were determined. Spreadsheet was set up for the problem. Various temperature distributions were obtained. Temperatures are highest at the inner wall (but less than 300oC) and the lowest at the outer wall (but more than 260 k), as expected. The average temperature at the outer surface of the chimney was 352.65k. The rate of heat loss through the 1m long section of the chimney was determined both manually and numerically.
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    Computer Application for Maintenance Planning and Scheduling of Industrial Plant
    (International Institute for Science, Technology and Education, 2012-01) Ajao, K. R.; Issa, W. A.; Muhammed, B. H.
    Plant maintenance involves all activities carried out on a machine to ensure a zero downtime of operation. Maintenance activities vary from one industry to the other but the basic maintenance activities are mainly to ensure continuous operations of equipment, plant and machineries. Over the past few decades, the various industrial work activities and maintenance operations are performed without a concrete plan (schedule) or are performed via manual paper work. Industrial operations are usually complex and recurrent activities. Analysis has shown that lack or insufficient maintenance coordination, has accounted for the poor performances and inefficiencies of many industries. Thus, it is pertinent to deduce a planned maintenance organizer or a computer aided design for the planning and scheduling of industrial work activities. This becomes important as computer has revolutionalized industrial activities with the development of modern high level computer programming languages such as visual basic by Microsoft among others.
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    3D Flow around a Rectangular Cylinder: a review
    (AFRREV STECH, Vol. 1 (2) April-July, 2012, 2012-04-01) Odesola, Isaac F.; Olawore, Ayodeji
    Turbulent flows around three-dimensional obstacles are common in nature and occur in many applications including flow around tall buildings, vehicles and computer chips. Understanding and predicting the properties of these flows are necessary for safe, effective and economical engineering designs. This paper presents the review of 3D flow around a rectangular cylinder using large eddy simulation as the turbulence model and the computational study is developed in the frame of the Benchmark on the Aerodynamics of a Rectangular Cylinder (BARC). Different simulations around bluff bodies were reviewed and the results obtained through different methodologies are presented. The effect of change by vortex shedding on the magnitude of fluid forces of rectangular cylinders are examined and reported. The aerodynamic integral parameters obtained from different papers are compared.
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    Random vortex element modelling of groundwater flow
    (World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 2012-06-01) Kareem, M.W.
    Exploitation of groundwater for both domestic and industrial uses has continuously been undertaken in different parts of the world. The proper harnessing of available water required adequate analysis of the flow in the aquifer. Successful attempts have been made using finite difference and finite element methods. However, the possibility of vortex element method as an alternative technique was considered in this work. A model was developed using random vortex element method to simulate groundwater flow with constant head at the aquifer boundary. This was carried out by transforming the governing equation for groundwater flow into a typical vorticity equation for vortex method. The model was then used to determine groundwater head at varying time for Lagos basement complex with transmisivity and storativity of 5.5 X 10-5 m and 6.840796 X 10-2 respectively. The aquifer thickness varied from 4.0 m to 7.0 m. At the aquifer thickness of 4.0m the predicted groundwater heads varied from 0.0 m to 0.024833690 m, while at the aquifer thickness of 7.0m the predicted heads varied from 0.0m to 0.159134 m for varying time step at 0.1 s. The head differs only from literature value by 2.44%. Random vortex element method is therefore a viable numerical tool for predicting the groundwater flow parameters of the aquifer at any desired location.
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    Wind Engineering: A Review of the Eurocode provisions for the Wind Loading on Low-rise Buildings
    (Cranfield University, 2012-09) Amoloye, Taofiq Omoniyi
    Building codes such as the Eurocode have usually been used as a cheaper alternative to wind tunnel studies in the consideration of wind loading on a structure. It is often the case that very tall buildings and large structures have enough economic justification for expensive wind tunnel studies in their design stage. Such wind tunnel studies, as per state-of-the-art, feature simultaneous scanning of and acquisition of loading data from hundreds of pressure tappings with subsequent high-speed computer data processing and analysis. This is not the case for low-rise buildings which do not find their way into the wind tunnel except in the case where they are unusual edifices. Low-rise buildings, however, are the most damaged in wind storms. In addition, in the present times, their shapes are increasingly losing touch with the traditional and generic forms dealt with in the Eurocode. Therefore, the question is: How well does the Eurocode, which was put together with information from wind tunnel studies performed in the 50s and 70s using currently outdated data acquisition techniques, deal with present building shapes? The study was based on models of a simple cuboidal building; a quasi-rectangular building with inset faces in its plan; and a building plan featuring a re-entrant corner possessing curved surfaces at the internal and external junctions of its wings. It was concluded from the results of the study that adapting the Eurocode wind loading provisions to irregular building plans characteristic of modern times gives very unsafe solutions. The variations of pressure with wind direction on the internal walls of the wings of and the curved surface at the internal junction of the re-entrant corner were observed to follow coherent wave forms which are mutually similar. These call for further research.
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    UNTRADITIONAL SYNTHESIS OF BORON-CONTAINING SUPERHARD AND REFRACTORY MATERIALS - A REVIEW
    (Global journal of Engineering, Design & Technology, 2013) B. Agyei-Tuffour; E. Annan; E. R. Rwenyagila; E. Ampaw; E. Arthur; Kabiru Mustapha; S. Kolawole; W. O. Soboyejo; D. D. Radev
    Boron-containing ceramics find large application in production of superhard and high-temperature materials with application in nuclear and aerospace techniques, military industry etc. The synthesis methods are decisive for the complexity of chemical, morphological and technological properties of these materials. The traditional high-temperature synthesis methods have some disadvantages leading to inconstancy of the product composition due to the boron evaporation, degradation of the furnace materials and contamination of the products, high energy losses etc. Here we show the advantages of some untraditional synthesis methods like direct mechanical synthesis and self propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) in the production of titanium diboride (TiB2), zirconium diboride (ZrB2) and production of dense boron carbide (B4C) based materials. Using SEM, TEM, XRD and analytical chemical methods, it was shown that diborides of titanium and zirconium have appropriate properties for production of dense ceramic materials. Using the method of mechanically-assisted sintering high-dense B4C-based ceramic materials was obtained. It was shown that the mechanical properties of materials obtained by pressureless sintering are close or overcome the corresponding properties of boron carbide densified by the method of hot pressing. The possibility to produce B4C-based ceramics with controlled properties was also shown.
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    Investigation of the Properties of “Pure Water” Sachet Modified Bitumen
    (2013) Dahunsi, Bamidele; Awogboro, Femi; Akinpelu, Mutiu; Olafusi, Oladipupo
    The increasing volume of traffic loads on our roads is currently a challenge on flexible pavement design and construction. Factors such as durability, strength and economic needs have to be considered in the design and construction of road pavement. Many research have been conducted to explore supplementary material that can make a durable asphalt pavement. It is not unfamiliar that the modification of bitumen with the use of polymers enhances its performance characteristics but at the same time significantly alters its rheologicalproperties. One of the environmental issues in most regions of Nigeria is the large number of polymeric wastes made from polyethylene water sachet (PWS) popularly called “Pure Water” Nylon deposited in domestic wastes and landfills. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of PWS on the properties of conventional bitumen and suitability of discarded PWS as bitumen modifier and to reduce the environmental effects of PWS disposal. Bituminous blends containing PWS at various percentages 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15% weight of conventional bitumen. Penetration, softening point and float tests were carried out on the samples to evaluate the penetration index, viscosity, stiffness modulus and the suitability of PWS as bitumen modifier. Sieve analysis and infrared spectroscopy of the shredded PWS sample were also carried out. Result obtained from tests was compared between control sample (0% PWS) and PWS modified samples. The test results show that PWSs influence more on the penetration of the modified sample with the increase in the viscosity of the bitumen as can be observed by the decrease in the value of penetration with the increase in concentration of PWS. The penetration index values of Samples 2.5% PWS and 7.5% PWS makes them to be classified as blown bitumen and the PI value of Sample 5% PWS makes it less susceptible to temperature changes and can be classified as oxidized bitumen. PWS is a cheap and readily available material in construction when used appropriately in bitumen and the recycling of PWS for asphalt base roads helps alleviate an environmental problem and saves energy.
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    Electromagnetic Scattering Computation Methods for very Small Spheroidal Dust Particles: Theory and Applications
    (2013) Musa, Abdulwaheed
    This paper discusses the effect of propagation of electromagnetic waves through a cloud of very small particles. The size of these particles is normally less than 0.2 mm in radius, much smaller than the microwave wavelength; therefore it is possible to avoid laborious computation by using approximations. In this work we have checked the Rayleigh theory (Rayleigh scatterer) against a full solution of Maxwell’s main equations through a Point Matching Technique (PMT). The agreement between Rayleigh approximations and PMT for these very small particles is found to be good. These results have been used in quantifying some telecommunication channel impairments.
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    Electromagnetic Waves Propagation in Dust Storms at Millimeter Wave Band
    (2013) Musa, Abdulwaheed
    The effects of dust storms on propagation of electromagnetic wave at millimeter wave band are investigated. The propagation at millimeter wave band is affected by dust particles by way of signal attenuation. Formula for evaluating the wave attenuation at higher frequencies in a dusty medium is therefore developed in this work. The formula is based on the complex forward scattering amplitude of spherical dust particles using Rayleigh method. Three conditions are set to validate the suitability of the method for the model. It is shown that the Rayleigh approximation is valid for determining the scattering of spherical dust particles for the particle sizes and frequency range considered. The wave attenuation expression is proposed in terms of wavelength, visibility and complex permittivity. Attenuation results obtained are compared with some already published results. It is found that the attenuation by the proposed formula and the published formulae show close agreement. Attenuation in dry dust is only significant when the visibility becomes severe or at lower millimetric wave bands.
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    2D Flow around a Rectangular Cylinder: A Computational Study
    (AFRREV STECH: An International Journal of Science and Technology, 2013-01-01) A.S., Olawore; I.F., Odesola
    The unsteady flow around a rectangular cylinder is an area of great research for scientist for several years. A two-dimensional unsteady flow past a rectangular cylinder has been investigated numerically for the low Reynolds numbers (flow is laminar). Gambit has been used throughout this work to generate the geometry and meshes and the computational fluid dynamics analysis is done using fluent software. The influence of vortical structure and pressure distribution around the section of rectangular cylinders are examined and reported. The integral aerodynamic parameters are also reported. Strouhal numbers for Reynolds numbers of 55, 75, 100, 150, 250 and 400 are 0.102, 0.122, 0.129, 0.136, 0.139 and 0.158 respectively. The magnitudes of the coefficient of drag for the Reynolds numbers are 1.565, 1.524, 1.432, 1.423, 1.526 and 1.545. The lift coefficient for flow around a rectangular cylinder with a chord-to-depth ratio equal to 5 of low Reynolds numbers of 55, 75, 100, 150, 250 and 400 are 0.067, 0.101, 0.157, 0.212, 0.404 and 0.537 respectively. The pressure drags obtained in the simulations at zero angle of incidence are 1.446, 1.455, 1.439, 1.412, 1.579 and 1.602 for Reynolds numbers 55, 75, 100, 150, 225, and 250. The velocity across the rectangular cylinders varies from 0.089 to 1.02m/s. The forces caused by vortex shedding phenomenon must be taken into account when designing buildings for safe, effective and economical engineering designs.
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    Comparative study of single pass collector and double pass solar collector filled with porous media
    (Asian Journal of Scientific Research, 2013-01-15) Kareem, M.W.
    This research reports a comparative study of the convectional single pass flat plate collector and the double pass solar collector filled with porous media such as gravel and metal chips at the lower channel of the absorbing unit. The component materials, design, performance efficiencies, capabilities and the application of the solar collectors are presented to show various disparities that exist between the collectors. Emphasis was laid on the multi-pass approach as a gate way to future development on solar collectors.
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    Untraditional synthesis of Ni-based alloys for medical application
    (ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2013-04) B. Agyei-Tuffour; E. Annan; E. R. Rwenyagila; E. Ampaw; E. Arthur; Kabiru Mustapha; S. Kolawole; W. O. Soboyejo; M. I. Marinov; D. D. Radev
    Due to the combination of excellent mechanical properties, high chemical stability and appropriate biocompatibility, the Ni-based alloys find large application in implantology and dentistry. The traditional metallurgical synthesis methods of these alloys have some difficulties leading to inconstancy of the composition, degradation of properties and escalation of the product price. Here we show how to overcome the disadvantages of the traditional methods of synthesis and production of Ni-based alloys for medical application using combination of mechanochemical and powder-metallurgical routes. The structural properties of the products were studied using SEM/TEM and XRD methods. It was shown that the mechanically assisted synthesis allows obtaining nanosized Ni-Ti alloy with mean particle size of 20-30 nm at significantly lower temperature in comparison with the traditional metallurgical high-temperature alloying. It was also shown that after 40 hours of intense mechanical treatment of the starting Ni and Ti powders, a direct synthesis of Ni-Ti alloy proceeds. The product has excellent sinterability which allows producing bodies with controlled structural properties appropriate for application in implantology. Using standard mechanical tests and structural examinations it was demonstrated that the Ni-Cr dental alloys obtained by mechanically assisted sintering and casting possess excellent mechanical, technological and aesthetic properties. These alloys are suitable as dental restoration materials and production of porcelain veneered constructions like crowns and bridges using the so called metal-to-ceramic technique.
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    Development of an Advanced Public Transportation System for captive commuters on urban arterials in Ilorin, Nigeria
    (Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, 2013-04-06) Akinpelu, Mutiu; Adeleke, Oluwafemi; Jimoh, Yinusa