DSpace Angular :: Browsing by Author "Saraki, Akeem Aderayo"

Browsing by Author "Saraki, Akeem Aderayo"

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Achieving Interreligious Maturity Through Higher Institutions’ Interfaith Programmes for Dialogue, Peace and Social Cohesion
(International Journal of Applied Research and Technology (IJART), 2022-08-21) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo; Chikelue, Agatha G.
There is growing recognition of the role academic institutions can play in promoting conflict prevention, resolution, and social cohesion through research and knowledge-sharing collaborations with NGOs, individuals, and practitioners. As institutions of learning, universities are not only responsible for cognitive and analytical development but also for fostering interreligious dialogue, tolerance, and peacebuilding. Interfaith dialogue has been widely acknowledged as a tool for promoting understanding among religious communities, contributing to social stability and peaceful coexistence. This study explores the role of higher education in advancing interfaith dialogue, using Kwara State University (KWASU), Nigeria, as a case study. KWASU was established in 2009 with a vision to go beyond traditional academic functions by integrating community service and entrepreneurship into its core mission. The university has taken proactive steps to engage with its host community, recognizing the importance of religious and cultural harmony in fostering peace. Through its Directorate of Community Development, KWASU has facilitated interfaith dialogue programs that bring students, staff, and local community members together in meaningful conversations aimed at reducing religious tensions. By analyzing the impact of these programs, this study demonstrates how higher education institutions can serve as catalysts for peace through structured interfaith engagement. Findings suggest that universities can enhance social cohesion by fostering dialogue across religious divides and empowering students as peace ambassadors. The study advocates for broader adoption of interfaith programs within academic institutions, emphasizing their role in mitigating conflicts and strengthening societal harmony.
An Assessment of Dispute Management Strategies Among Commodity Market Associations in Kwara State, Nigeria: A Qualitative Approach
(International Journal of Management, Social Sciences, Peace and Conflict Studies (IJMSSPCS), 2024-06-25) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo; Raji, Shittu Adewole
This research project aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of dispute management strategies employed by commodity market associations in Kwara State, Nigeria. The study recognizes the pivotal role these associations play in maintaining a harmonious and cooperative environment among their members, and it seeks to provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of existing dispute management mechanisms. The methodology involves a qualitative approach focusing on in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, including association leaders, members, and individuals involved in the administration of dispute management processes. This qualitative method aims to uncover perspectives, experiences, and perceptions surrounding the various strategies in place. The analysis explores the diversity of dispute management strategies, ranging from formal mechanisms such as arbitration and mediation to informal approaches rooted in traditional practices. It will also assess the role of communication, leadership, and organizational culture in influencing the effectiveness of these strategies. Special attention will be given to identifying any contextual factors specific to Kwara State that may impact the success of dispute management efforts. Anticipated outcomes include an understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of current dispute management strategies within commodity market associations in Kwara State. The research findings aim to contribute practical recommendations for refining existing approaches or implementing new strategies that better align with the unique dynamics of commodity markets in the region. This analysis aspires to foster a more cooperative and resilient environment among association members, ultimately enhancing the overall sustainability and success of commodity market associations in Kwara State, Nigeria.
An Assessment of Electoral Malpractices on Democratic Consolidation in Ilorin-West Local Government Area of Kwara State
(University of Africa Journal of Governance and Politics (UAT JOGAP), 2024-05-10) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo; Aun, Thompson Toryuha
This paper identifies electoral malpractices and discusses their impacts on democratic consolidation in Ilorin-West Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria. The deliberate manipulation of the process of an election through direct or indirect means to influence the outcome of an electoral process has undoubtedly become part of electoral processes in some countries of the world. The commission of electoral malpractice is most often demonstrated through different methods such as improper voting control, ballot stuffing, vote buying among others. Indeed, the irregularities and malpractices that characterize elections in Nigeria proceed to unimaginable conflicts that consume lives and properties during these elections, thereby threatening the country's democracy. Through the use of well-structured questionnaires and relevant published works of other researchers, as well as through quantitative and qualitative analysis, the paper examines the various forms of electoral malpractices, discusses the relationship between electoral malpractice and democratic consolidation, and discovers the causes and solutions to electoral malpractice on democratic consolidation in Ilorin-West Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria. It conclusively proposes recommendations for controlling electoral malpractices towards democratic consolidation in Ilorin-West Local Government Area of Kwara State and other parts of the country.
Assessing the Effects of Indigene Resettlement Policies on Perceived Community Security in Abuja FCT: A Quantitative Study
(Sapientia Global Journal of Arts, Humanities and Development Studies (SGOJAHDS), 2025) Raji, Shittu Adewole; Saraki, Akeem Aderayo; Adeniyi, A. P.; Uthman, A. A.
This paper examines the political economy of insecurity in Benue State, Nigeria, between 2020 and 2025, adopting political economy and human security frameworks. The study investigates the structural drivers of violence, including land disputes, weak governance, climate-induced migration, and ethnic tensions, which together fuel recurrent farmer–herder conflicts. Using a qualitative design, through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and secondary sources such as government reports and newspapers, the study investigate the political and economic drivers of insecurity in Benue State, examine the manifestations and dynamics of insecurity in the region, assess the impact of insecurity on sustainable development in Benue State, and evaluate the effectiveness of state and non-state responses to insecurity. Findings reveal that insecurity in Benue is systemic rather than episodic, with manifestations ranging from mass killings and displacement to the collapse of agricultural productivity. Over 500,000 persons were displaced during the period, while food production and rural livelihoods declined sharply, undermining the state’s role as Nigeria’s “Food Basket.” Although state policies, such as the Open Grazing Prohibition and Ranches Establishment Law (2017), and security deployments have been implemented, responses remain largely reactive and insufficient. Nonstate interventions provide localized relief but often fail to address underlying structural issues. The paper concludes that sustainable peace in Benue requires institutional reforms, equitable land governance, inclusive dialogue, and integrated development strategies.
Challenges of the Commodity Market Associations at managing disputes among members and their implications for trading activities in Kwara State, Nigeria
(2024-06-04) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo; Raji, Shittu
The Commodity Market Association (CMA); a pivotal body in regulating and ensuring smooth market operations, faces significant challenges in managing the disputes effectively among members leading to disruption of trading activities, strain relationships between members, and negative impact in the overall economic well-being of market participants. This study examined the challenges of the CMAs at managing disputes among members and their implications for trading activities in Kwara State, Nigeria. It specifically explored the sources of trade disputes among commodity market traders in Kwara State, examined the effects of trade disputes among members on trading activities, and identified the challenges of CMAs at managing disputes among members. The study employed a quantitative approach, and the survey was administered to members of selected Commodity Market Associations and other key stakeholders across the state. It also utilized secondary data sources to include relevant academic and research materials, books, journals, newspapers, archival materials, workshop and seminar papers, as well as sources from the Internet. Other methodology involved purposive sampling method in selecting two marketplaces in each of the senatorial district of the State to ensure representation across different commodity markets, while data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics for the quantitative data. The study concluded that there are many sources of dispute among commodity traders with negative implications for the market traders in Kwara State while the management of such disputes by CMA are largely challenged by concerts of internal and external factors.
Effective Leadership and Organizational Performance in Moro Local Government, Kwara State
(Abuja Journal of Administration & Management (AJAM), 2024-12-10) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo; Salahu, Olayinka Moshood; Aliyu, Ashiru Olayemi
Globally, there is need for strong political leadership at the local Government for high organizational performance to be attained. That is why scholars are of the opinion that leadership effectiveness is shown by quality results (determined by the leader’s strategic planning experience and leader’s managerial skills. The study assessed effective leadership and organizational performance in Moro Local Government Area. The study is a “Desk Review” i.e. a conceptual research because its analyse and synthesise existing knowledge to understand a phenomenon. In essence, the study relied on the findings of extant studies and evidence from empirical case to arrive at logical conclusion. Moreover, the study also relied on secondary data e.g. Igbomina–Yoruba National Development Summit” report, 2018 and Moro Local Government Performance Report, 2024. From the presentation of an empirical case, the study found that leader’s strategic planning experience significantly led to organization in Moro Local Government. This is shown in the use of leader’s strategic planning experience and managerial skills to achieve the goal of bringing together all the different Yoruba-speaking communities towards common goal. The study also discovered that managerial skills among the leaders significantly led to organization in Moro Local Government. The study recommends the need to strengthen strategic planning experience among present and future leaders in Moro Local Government for better result (efficient organization) in order to be fair and responsive to public needs and demands. There is also need for the leaders to as a matter of fact learn to apply the skills of management for effective organization and organizational development in Local Governments for management skills will guide a leader to have problem solving skills and motivating skills and time management.
Effects of Dispute Management Strategies of Commodity Market Association on Its Members in Kwara State, Nigeria: A Quantitative Assessment
(NOUN International Journal of Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution (NIJPCR), 2024-08-12) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo; Raji, Shittu
Human–AI Collaboration in International Mediation: Reimagining Trust, Accountability, and Power in High-Intensity Conflicts
(Australian Journal of Business and Social Science (AJBSS), 2026) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo
The modernization of diplomacy and peacebuilding activities through the rapid adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is changing the international mediation and conflict resolution activities. Although tools based on AI like predictive analytics, automated translations, sentiment analysis, and decision-support tools have potential gains in efficiency and accuracy, their impact on the mediator and their legitimacy, trust, and accountability remain under-researched. This paper looks at the role of human-AI collaboration in redefining the mediation process of high intensity conflicts. Based on the qualitative case studies, interviews with experts, and participatory scenariobuilding workshops, the research examines the ethical, political and institutional implications of the AI implementation into international mediation. The results imply that the introduction of AI does not displace human mediators and transforms the authority, repatriates the power, and disorganizes the traditional concept of neutrality and consent. The article proposes a hybrid mediation system based on human judgment, openness, and participatory regulation of AI systems. The paper adds to the interdisciplinary arguments in the fields of peace studies, international relations and technology ethics by suggesting normative and operational principles of responsible AI-assisted mediation.
Intellectual Property: The Nigerian Experience and Perspective
(Sapientia Global Journal of Arts, Humanities and Development Studies (SGOJAHDS), 2021-06-02) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo
The paper accounts for intellectual property from the Nigerian perspective. Experiences, in Nigeria, had shown little or no understanding of the concept of intellectual property rights thereby resulting into its violation, even by the educated elite. Stiffness in creativity and low interest to invest in publishing business are some of the identifiable consequences. The study, through qualitative analysis method, discusses the general concept of intellectual property, and examines its legality, enforcement, as well as challenges. It also identifies the major areas of intellectual property rights in the Nigerian publishing industry. The study conclusively proposes strategies and approaches to encourage the respect for intellectual property rights towards reshaping the structures of the Nigerian publishing industry.
Nigeria and ECOWAS: A Historical Analysis of Regional Leadership and Integration
(Nigerian Journal of Arts and Humanities (NJAH), 2026) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo; Saidu, Mohammed; Sulaimon, Habeeb Lajide
This paper examines Nigeria’s role in the formation, evolution, and consolidation of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), with a particular focus on its leadership in promoting regional integration and stability. Established in 1975, ECOWAS has emerged as one of Africa’s most prominent regional organizations, largely influenced by Nigeria’s political, economic, and military contributions. Using a historical-analytical approach, the study traces Nigeria’s leadership trajectory from the post-independence era, through the Cold War, and into the contemporary period. It evaluates Nigeria’s contributions to economic integration, peacekeeping, and institutional development, while also interrogating the domestic and external constraints that have shaped its regional ambitions. The paper argues that, although Nigeria has been the backbone of ECOWAS, its leadership has been inconsistent due to internal political instability, economic challenges, and shifting foreign policy priorities. The study contributes to broader debates on regional hegemony, integration, and the role of middle powers in global governance
Preventive Diplomacy: A panacea for Violence Prevention in Elections in Nigeria
(International Journal of Management, Social Sciences, Peace and Conflict Studies (IJMSSPCS), 2021-06-10) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo
Preventive diplomacy has over the years secured conspicuous usage and essential role as a key element in peace and security on the international arena. The concept has seen States and non-States actors committed to the establishment of sustainable peaceful co-existence in the international community making various efforts to prevent violent situations, especially those associated with electoral processes. Using qualitative analytical method, this paper seeks to ascertain the efficacy of the concept of preventive diplomacy as the basis of a peace and security structure for national and global peaceful co-existence. It aims to discuss the origin and meaning of preventive diplomacy and to elaborate on its operational requirements. The paper further demonstrates the effectiveness of preventive diplomacy in preventing violence situations, especially as it affects Nigeria’s pre and post electoral processes; and conclusively offers a policy-relevant discourse on the potential of existing and emerging global institutions to develop a capacity for preventive diplomacy as part of their contribution to international peace and security.
Resettlement and Resentment: A Qualitative Inquiry into the Impacts of Indigene Resettlement Policies on Community Cohesion and Security in Abuja FCT
(University of Africa Journal of Governance and Politics (UAT JOGAP), 2025) Uthman, A. O.; Raji, Shittu Adewole; Adeniyi, A. P.; Saraki, Akeem Aderayo
Role of Digital Technology in Enhancing Law Enforcement Efficiency in Nigeria: A Study of Surveillance and Intelligence Gathering in Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State
(Global Journal of Applied, Management and Social Sciences (GOJAMSS);, 2026) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo; Yusuf, Tawakalitu Bola; Badmus, Samsondeen Dayo
This paper focuses on the use of digital technology in improving the efficiency of law enforcers in the Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State in Nigeria. The research design of the study is descriptive survey research design where both quantitative and qualitative methods are combined to bring out a holistic analysis of the topic. Structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used to gather data of 286 participants consisting of law enforcement officers, members of the communities, and civil society participants. The results indicate that the degree of uptake of digital technologies including CCTV surveillance, biometric and digital communication tools are moderate with a high difference between security units. The statistical analysis shows that the use of digital technologies and crime detection improvements have a strong positive relationship, as well as response time and intelligence gathering. Nevertheless, the research also notes some of the major challenges, such as insufficient funds, inadequate infrastructure, the lack of technical capacity, and the issue of privacy of data. The authors find that the digital technology has vast potential to improve the effectiveness of law enforcement, but its potential is limited by systemic and institutional constraints. It suggests more funding in digital infrastructures, human resource capacity building, enhanced community policing, and definition of clear rules. Generally, the research highlights the necessity of a balanced and integrated digital policing method that has integrated technological innovation with community involvement and ethical protection.
The Importance of Confidence Building Measures (CBMs) For Sustainable Cooperation Between Nigerian Universities and Their Host Communities: A Case of Kwara State University and Malete Community
(Sapientia Foundation Journal of Education, Sciences and Gender Studies (SFJESGS), 2021-12-04) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo
This paper basically investigates the importance of Confidence Building Measures (CBMs) in generating an environment of trust for proper social relations and maintaining a peaceful atmosphere for sustainable cooperation between universities and their host communities. Experiences over the years have revealed a fluctuating peace and understanding between institutions of higher learning in Nigeria and their host communities with some conflict situations resulting to loss of lives and property. Various approaches have also been adopted to resolve such conflicts, and measures taken to prevent future occurrence. Therefore, through personal interviews and related published works of other researchers, as well as analytical method, the paper identifies approaches to confidence building measures, and explicitly discusses the importance of confidence building measures in unifying Universities and their host communities, with a focus on Kwara State University (KWASU) and Malete Community. It further encourages the appreciation of the essence and effectiveness of confidence building measures in solving contemporary conflict issues as well as in facilitating sustainable cooperation and development. It conclusively recommends that through involvement and participation of the host community in the projects and activities of universities confidence building measures will be furthered and sustained.
The Political Economy of Insecurity in Benue State: Implications for Sustainable Development in Nigeria
(Kwararafa Security Review (KSR), 2025) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo
This paper examines the political economy of insecurity in Benue State, Nigeria, between 2020 and 2025, adopting political economy and human security frameworks. The study investigates the structural drivers of violence, including land disputes, weak governance, climate-induced migration, and ethnic tensions, which together fuel recurrent farmer–herder conflicts. Using a qualitative design, through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and secondary sources such as government reports and newspapers, the study investigate the political and economic drivers of insecurity in Benue State, examine the manifestations and dynamics of insecurity in the region, assess the impact of insecurity on sustainable development in Benue State, and evaluate the effectiveness of state and non-state responses to insecurity. Findings reveal that insecurity in Benue is systemic rather than episodic, with manifestations ranging from mass killings and displacement to the collapse of agricultural productivity. Over 500,000 persons were displaced during the period, while food production and rural livelihoods declined sharply, undermining the state’s role as Nigeria’s “Food Basket.” Although state policies, such as the Open Grazing Prohibition and Ranches Establishment Law (2017), and security deployments have been implemented, responses remain largely reactive and insufficient. Nonstate interventions provide localized relief but often fail to address underlying structural issues. The paper concludes that sustainable peace in Benue requires institutional reforms, equitable land governance, inclusive dialogue, and integrated development strategies.
The Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Iran Nuclear Deal
(Kashere Journal of Politics and International Relations (KJPIR), Federal University of Kashere, Gombe State, Nigeria., 2025-06-01) Oladele, Femi Samuel; Saraki, Akeem Aderayo
The proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs) poses a significant threat to global peace and security, making it a critical area of focus in international relations. Employing theoretical framework and empirical review methods, this paper used Liberal Institutionalism (LI) and reviewed more than twelve (12) studies to examine four key objectives. The paper examined the role of international relations in curbing WMD proliferation, with a specific focus on the Iran Nuclear Deal, officially known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). The study also explored the multilateral negotiations that led to the JCPOA, emphasizing the intersection of diplomacy, power dynamics, and global governance in addressing WMD threats. It analyzed the successes and challenges of the agreement, of the JCPOA, with a particular focus on the consequences of the United States‘ withdrawal under the Trump administration, which destabilized the agreement and reignited proliferation risks. Finally, the study underscored the importance of sustained international cooperation, robust institutional frameworks, and the delicate balance of incentives and enforcement in managing WMD proliferation. The findings contributed to the discourse on how international relations effectively address the proliferation of WMDs, providing lessons for future engagements in arms control and disarmament. It concluded by offering policy recommendations for strengthening global non-proliferation efforts, emphasizing the role of multilateral diplomacy, adaptive agreements, and the need to rebuild confidence among stakeholders.
Transnational belonging and leverage: A new theory of diaspora political agency
(Aminu Kano Academic Scholars Association Multidisciplinary Journal (AKASA-MJ), 2025) Saraki, Akeem Aderayo
The article presents a new theoretical framework, the Transnational Belonging-Leverage Theory (TBLT) to explain the political agency of the diaspora communities in the postcolonial and global settings. The current body of research on the study of diaspora has been either inclined towards material variables (remittances and lobbying) or social cultural variables (identity and nostalgia). TBLT is a way to develop the field by defining diaspora influence as a result of a dynamic interaction between the notion of belonging, as defined by emotional, symbolic and identity ties to the home land, and the notion of leverage, which comprises economic, political, technological and institutional resources which have been accumulated in host societies. The theory argues that belonging and leverage do not work alone to explain diaspora behaviour, but rather the interaction of the two dimensions is what defines how much, how, and the results of diaspora engagement. The article defines the main ideas, processes, interaction patterns, and analytical quadrants by which TBLT explains the differences in the roles of diaspora in the processes of conflict escalation, peacebuilding, governance reform, and citizenship politics. The framework is an empirically applicable and flexible frame of reference to the study of diaspora politics in Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and the Global South.

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