Browsing by Author "Omosanya, Toyeeb Adetunji"

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    Application and Benefits of Dietary Nanoparticles in Aquaculture: A Review
    (Nano Plus: Science and Technology of Nanomaterials, 2021-10-12) Omosanya, Toyeeb Adetunji; Yekeen, T.A.; Fawole, O.O.; Azeez, M.A; Lateef, A.
    Fish nutrition is the single most important input in aquaculture production. It influences fish growth, quality, health, with subsequent increase in production and waste generation. Nanotechnology is an emerging concept with diverse applications including fish nutrition. It involves the use of nanoparticles within the scale of 1 – 100 nm. The physiological role of nanoparticles depends on their structural and functional characteristics. In aquaculture, nanotechnology techniques have been found efficient in water treatment, while nano-delivery system has been perceived as a safer and more efficient alternative procedure to fish vaccination, nutrient delivery, and effective in fish disease diagnosis and treatment. Fortification of fish diets with nutrient and non-nutrient bioactive components enhance the total nutrient profile balance of a diet and supplement nutrients recovery during feed processing. Administration of dietary nanoparticles provides an increase in surface area available for interaction with biological support. Incorporation of nanoparticles into the fish diet has been found to improve fish production and when employed as encapsulating materials, they serve as carriers for essential oils, flavour, antioxidants, vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals thereby facilitating their bioavailability to fish. The NPs of importance to fish nutrition include those produced from chitosan, copper (Cu), selenium (Se), iron (Fe), gold (Au), zinc oxide (ZnO) and silver (Ag). Various applications of nanoparticles in fish nutrition with their probable potential adverse effects are explored in this study with a view to devising fish management strategy that will maximize the full benefit of nanoparticles with little to no risk of toxicity.
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    Comparative Assessment of Heavy Metals Bioaccumulation in Tissues of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Collected from Otin, Oba, Ogun and Agbabu Rivers, South-Western Nigeria
    (Journal of Aquatic Pollution and Toxicology, 2022-07-15) Omosanya, Toyeeb Adetunji
    Heavy metal contamination has devastating effects on the ecological balance of recipient water bodies and the diver- sity of aquatic organisms present therein. Fish are widely used to evaluate the health of aquatic ecosystems because pollutants build up in the food chain which results in adverse effects in the aquatic systems. African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is of great commercial importance because it is the most widely consumed freshwater fish in Nigeria. In this research, heavy metal pollutants in the tissues of Clarias garienus collected from Otin, Oba, Ogun and Agbabu Rivers in the South-Western Nigeria were investigated to evaluate the bioaccumulation patterns of heavy metals. The fish were collected twice a month for six months from May to November. Concentrations of heavy metals were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Results were compared using ANOVA and P<0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Means of significant differences were separated using Duncan’s multiple range test. The study indicated that the levels of heavy metals contamination in the analyzed water bodies are in the following order: Agbabu>Ogun>Otin>Oba. The mean concentration of the heavy metals in each organ and tissue sampled differed slightly and also conformed to the specifications of regulatory bodies.