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Browsing by Author "Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen"

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Assessment Of Heavy Metal Pollution Of Waste Dump Sites In Kwara State Using Carica Papaya, Musa Spp And Cocorhrous Olitorous As Indicators
(International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR), 2013-09) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Ogundele, Damilola Temitope; Bodunde, Victoria Tosin
Plant fruits and vegetables grown on mixed waste dumpsites were used as bio indicators of heavy metal pollution of three waste dumpsites in Ilorin Kwara State Nigeria. The samples were digested using Wet-oxidation method and heavy metals in the digest were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer Technique. Carica Papaya, Musa Spp and Cocorhrous Olitorous samples were collected from contaminated and uncontaminated sites. Copper concentrations of carica- papaya, Musa spp, and cocorhrous olitorous from the contaminated sites were found between 0.15-0.23 mg/kg in Abayawo, 0.13 mg/kg in Okolowo, and 0.10 mg/kg in Itanmo. Zinc was found between 21.25-42.75mg/kg in Abayawo, 20.00 mg/kg in Okolowo, and 11.00 mg/kg in Itanmo. Pb and Cd were found below the detection limit of the instrument. Heavy metals in the uncontaminated site samples were found between 0.10-0.23 mg/kg Copper, 0.75-31.75 mg/kg Zinc. Cadmium and lead were found comparatively below detention limits in all the samples. Mean concentrations of metals were higher in Abayawo dumpsite than other dumpsites. The mean concentration of Cu 0.56 mg/kg and Zn 30.75mg/kg are well above the mean concentration of metals from the control site (Oloje) 0.15 mg/kg and 24.58 mg/kg Copper and Zinc respectively. Base on this study, the three waste dumpsites are polluted with heavy metals (Copper, Zinc), which can pose great health risk and hazards on food chain.
Chalcones and Bis-Chalcones Analogs as DPPH and ABTS Radical Scavengers
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2021) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Salar, Uzma; Khan, Khalid Mohammed; Chigurupati, Sridevi; Fasina, Tolulope; Ali, Farman; Ali, Muhammad; Nanda, Sekhar Sitanshu; Taha Muhammad; Perveen, Shahnaz
A number of synthetic scaffolds, along with natural products, have been identified as potent antioxidants. The present study deals with the evaluation of varyingly substituted, medicinally distinct class of compounds “chalcones and bis-chalcones” for their antioxidant potential.
Chalcones and bis-chalcones: As potential α-amylase inhibitors; synthesis, in vitro screening, and molecular modelling studies
(Academic Press Inc., 2018-05-07) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Khan, Khalid Mohammed; Salar, Uzma; Chigurupati, Sridevi; Fasina, Tolulope; Ali, Farman; Kanwal; Abdul Wadood; Taha, Muhammad; Nanda, Sekhar Sitanshu; Ghufran Mehreen; Perveen, Shahnaz
Despite of a diverse range of biological activities associated with chalcones and bis-chalcones, they are still neglected by the medicinal chemist for their possible α-amylase inhibitory activity. So, the current study is based on the evaluation of this class for the identification of new leads as α-amylase inhibitors. For that purpose, a library of substituted chalcones 1–13 and bis-chalcones 14–18 were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques EI-MS and 1H NMR. CHN analysis was carried out and found in agreement with the calculated values. All compounds were evaluated for in vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity and demonstrated good activities in the range of IC50 = 1.25 ± 1.05–2.40 ± 0.09 µM as compared to the standard acarbose (IC50 = 1.04 ± 0.3 µM). Limited structure–activity relationship (SAR) was established by considering the effect of different groups attached to aryl rings on varying inhibitory activity. SMe group in chalcones and OMe group in bis-chalcones were found more influential on the activity than other groups. However, in order to predict the involvement of different groups in the binding interactions with the active site of α-amylase enzyme, in silico studies were also conducted.
Comparative Studies of the Physicochemical Properties of Moringa oleifera (Nigeria), Moringa oleifera (Kenya) and Moringa oleifera (India)
(Longdom Publishing SL, 2015) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Olubuade, Fatimah Eniola; Ogundele, Damilola Temitope; Olayemi, Victoria Tosin; Jimoh, Akeem Adebayo; Musa, Rukayat Titilayo
The oil from Moringa oleifera seeds obtained from Afon in Asa Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria, was extracted using n-hexane. The oil yield determined experimentally was 26.2%. The oil concentration was compared with those reported by [1,2]. Some physicochemical properties like the density, specific gravity, refractive index, pH, viscosity, acid value, peroxide value, saponification value, iodine value and FFA were determined. The results obtained were compared against previously reported data.
Comparison of Solid and Solvent - Based Syntheses, Characterization and Antioxidant Property of Metal Complexes of Sodium Diclofenac
(College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Fountain University, 2020) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Osunniran, Wahab Adesina; Ayipo, Yusuf Oloruntoyin; Adeyemo, M.A; Obaleye, Joshua Ayoola
Mechanosynthesis and solvent – based syntheses of transition metals (Ni, Co and Zn) complexes of Sodium diclofenac has been carried out by 1:1 molar ratio of the ligand to metal salts respectively. The synthesis of the metal complexes were confirmed by melting point determination, FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infra-red) and UV-visible spectroscopies. The ligand showed bidentate coordination to the metal ions through carboxylate moiety. Octahedral geometry was proposed for all the metal complexes. The antioxidant property of metal complexes was determined using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay with Ascorbic acid as control. The antioxidant evaluation results revealed that the synthesized metal complexes are promising antioxidant agents.
Effect of Organic Matter Removalon Sorption Studies of Phosphate by Selected Soils in Northern Part of Kwara State, Nigeria
(Science domain international, 2014-01-15) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Bodunde, Victoria Tosin; Ogundele, Damilola Tolulope
The effect of organic matter removal and adsorbate solution composition on phosphate sorption by selected soil in Moro Local Government of Kwara State (Malete and Elemere) was studied. The organic matter was removed by treating the soil with hydrogen peroxide. This is referred to as the treated sample while the untreated samples were those to which hydrogen peroxide was not added. The adsorbate solution used was KH2PO4+KCl. The sorption study for maximum adsorption capacity was carried out with 1g of soil in 20ml phosphate solution at different concentration. The maximum adsorption capacities of treated and untreated Malete soil were observed to be 0.29mg/g and 0.23mg/g respectively while those of treated and untreated Elemere soil were observed to be 0.24mg/g and 0.14mg/g respectively. The phosphate sorption data were fitted to both Langmuir adsorption isotherm, the R2 values for the samples (Malete=0.870, Elemere=0.792) and Freundlich (Malete =0.013, Elemere=0.043). The adsorption data of Malete and Elemere soils were observed to fit Langmuir II adsorption isotherm.
Fatty Acid Composition and Physicochemical Properties of Castor ( Ricinus Communis L. ) Seed Obtained from Malete, Moro Local Government Area, Kwara State. Nigeria
(International Institute of Science, Technology and Education, 2013) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Adebayo, Rofiat Tosin; Ogundele, Damilola Tope; Bodunde, Victoria Tosin
The oil of the Ricinus communis L. seed was extracted by soxhlet method using N-hexane.The physicochemical characteristics of the castor oil were evaluated. The results showed that the castor seeds contain a relatively high percentage of total lipids content ; 47.8 % , iodine value ( 1.061 g/g ) , and saponification value ( 327.4 g/g ). The seed oil moisture content , acid value , density and free fatty acid ( % FFA ) were 0.3 % , 14.42 mg/g , 880 g/cm3 and 7.21 % , respectively.
Heteroleptic Transition Metal Complexes of Eflornithine Hydrochloride Monohydrate: Synthesis, Characterization, in silico and in vitro Biological Studies
(Turkish Chemical Society, 2022-09-20) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Osunniran, Wahab Adesina; Ayipo, Yusuf Oloruntoyin; Rajee, Abdullahi Ola; Bamigboye, Mercy Oluwaseyi; Obaleye, Joshua Ayoola
Incessant development of resistance to drugs by microorganisms remains a major setback associated with the currently available antibiotics, thereby making imperative a continuous search for alternative candidates with improved efficacy. Previous studies have shown enhanced antimicrobial activity of some bioactive molecules upon coordination with metal ions. Thus, in this study, Cu(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) complexes of eflornithine hydrochloride monohydrate (EHM) were synthesized and probed for bactericidal activity via in vitro and in silico. The characterization results such as CHN analysis, FTIR, UV-visible magnetic susceptibility and Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) reveal that EHM coordinates as a bidentate ligand to each central metal ion in the molar ratio 1:2 through O and N in the COO- and NH2 group respectively, and also suggest octahedral geometry in each complex. The physicochemical and pharmacokinetics parameters predicted in silico support the bio-applicability and safety of the complexes. From the in vitro antibacterial study, the complexes demonstrate improved activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with an average minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.01 mg/L similar to ciprofloxacin, compared to EHM whose MIC >1.00 mg/L. Although, not all the complexes satisfy Lipinski’s drugability rule of 5 due to their molecular weight, however, coordination with metal ions improves the biological activities of EHM and the complexes demonstrate potential for further transformation into antibiotic therapeutics.
Identifcation of 1,2,4-triazoles as new thymidine phosphorylase inhibitors: Future anti-tumor drugs
(Elsevier, 2019-01-04) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Shahzad, Anjum Sohail; Yar, Muhammad; Khan, Ali Zulfiqar; Shahzadi, Lubna; Naqvi, Raza Ali Syed; Mahmood, Adeem; SamiUllah; Shaikh, Jabbar Ahson; Sherazi, Ali Tauqir; Kukulowicz, Jedrzej; Badja Marek
Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) is over expressed in several solid tumors and its inhibition can oﬀer unique target suitable for drug discovery in cancer. A series of 1,2,4-triazoles 3a–3l has been synthesized in good yields and subsequently inhibitory potential of synthesized triazoles 3a–3l against thymidine phosphorylase enzyme was evaluated. Out of these twelve analogs fve analogues 3b, 3c, 3f, 3l and 3l exhibited a good inhibitory potential against thymidine phosphorylase. Inhibitory potential in term of IC50 values were found in the range of 61.98 ± 0.43 to 273.43 ± 0.96 μM and 7-Deazaxanthine was taken as a standard inhibitor with IC50 = 38.68 ± 4.42 μM. Encouraged by these results, more analogues 1,2,4-triazole-3-mercaptocarboxylic acids 4a–4g were synthesized and their inhibitory potential against thymidine phosphorylase was evaluated. In this series, six analogues 4b–4g exhibited a good inhibitory potential in the range of 43.86 ± 1.11–163.43 ± 2.03 μM. Angiogenic response of 1,2,4-triazole acid 4d was estimated using the chick chorionic allantoic membrane (CAM) assay. In the light of these findings, structure activity relationship and molecular docking studies of selected triazoles to determine the key binding interactions was discussed. Docking studies demonstrate that synthesized analogues interacted with active site residues of thymidine phosphorylase enzyme through π-π stacking, thiolate and hydrogen bonding interactions.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Infra Red Spectroscopic Studies of some Metal Complexes of Maleoyl-p-Aminobenzoic acid
(Faculties of Life and Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, 2010) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Eke, Uche Basil
Metal complexes of p-Aminobenzoic acid derivative of maleic anhydride were investigated. Thus, N-(4-carboxy-phenyl) maleimide and its sodium salt (sodium N-maleoylbenzoate) were prepared. The sodium salt was complexed with some transition metals (Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+). Complexes separated as precipitates from the reaction mixtures and were characterized by spectroscopic studies.
Physicochemical Analyses of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Oil Obtained by Solvent (Aqueous and n-Hexane) Extraction Methods
(2024-02-28) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Ajiboye, Abdulfatai Temitope; Idiaro, Isiaka Ayobami
The oil of coconut (cocos nucifera L.) was extracted by two different processing methods; aqueous (heating method) and solvent (soxhlet) extraction method. The physicochemical properties of the oil extracts were evaluated. The results showed that the density, specific gravity, viscosity and pH (aqueous extraction; 0.89 g/cm3, 0.91, 4.0 mpa.s, 4.7 and solvent extraction; 0.89 g/cm3, 0.91, 3.8 mpa.s, 5.1 respectively) of the oil extracts were relatively close. Other properties like the saponification value, free fatty acid, acid value and peroxide value of the aqueous and solvent extraction methods are 196.35 mgKOH/g, 0.56 mgKOH/g, 0.00028 mgKOH/g, 0.2 meq peroxide/g and 266.4 mgKOH/g, 0.95 mgKOH/g, 0.0047 mgKOH/g, 2.0 meq peroxide/g respectively.
Physicochemical Analyses of White Emulsion and White Gloss Paints
(Eureka Journals, 2020) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Aborode, Abdullahi Tunde; Yekeen, Iyabo Ajarat
White emulsion and white gloss paints were formulated using the basic paint ingredient such as polyvinyl acetate (binder), Solvent (water in the case of water-based paint and kerosene in the case of oil-based paint), Pigment and Additives. The physicochemical analyses (Viscosity, pH, Binding strength, Opacity, Specific gravity and Density) of the paints produced were carried out and results of the analyses were carefully recorded. The results revealed that the paints could be used as both indoor and outdoor coatings that could have good value for money and long durability.
Sorption Study of Cd(II) from Aqueous Solution Using Activated Carbon Prepared from Vitellaria paradoxa Shell
(2015) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Jimoh, Akeem Adebayo; Adebayo, G.B; Otun, K.O; Ajiboye, Abdulfatai Temitope; Jamiu, W.; Alao, F.O
Activated carbon prepared from vitellaria paradoxa (shea nut) shell using ortho-phosphoric acid has been used for the removal of Cd(II) ion from aqueous solution. The adsorbent sample was characterized by some physicochemical and spectroscopic parameters such as pH, point of zero charge (PZC), moisture content, iodine number, loss on ignition, bulk density, XRF, SEM and TEM. The pH and the PZC of the sample were found to be 4.0 and 5.8 respectively. The adsorbent sample has moisture content of 5.22 ± 0.1%, iodine number of 456.50 ± 59%, loss on ignition 10.71 ± 0.18% bulk density of 0.84 ± 0.09%. The XRF analysis indicated that Ca, Si and Fe were major constituents in the adsorbent sample. The SEM and TEM analysis results indicated good adsorptive characteristics of the adsorbent. Result from the FTIR analysis indicate presence of some important components such as C=O, O-H, C-O N-H, and P-H which responsible for high adsorptive capacity of the adsorbent. The equilibrium adsorption of Cd(II) ion data was well fitted with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms with correlation coefficient of 0.996 and 0.998 respectively. The kinetic study revealed that pseudo-second order kinetic was better fitted compared to pseudo-first order kinetic. Thermodynamic experiment indicated that the adsorption process was exothermic with ∆H equals +27.84 KJ/mol and ∆S equals -0.993 KJ/molK.
Synthesis and Biological Study of Substituted 2”-Hydoxy, 2”,4”- dichloro Chalcones and Their Co(II), Cu(II) and Ni(II) Complexes for Their Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials
(Sami Publishing Company, 2022-02-26) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Fasina, Tolulope Mojisola; Shaibu, Rafiu Olarewaju
2-methoxy-2”-hydroxychalcone (2M2HC) and 4-methoxy-2”,4”-dichlorochalcone (4M24DC) and their metal complexes were synthesized, characterized, and confirmed by melting point, FT-IR, UV-Visible, 1H-NMR, EIMS, and AAS spectroscopic techniques. The elemental analysis was done and found following the calculated values. Metal(II) complexes, [M(L1-2)2], [where M = Ni(II), Cu(II), Co(II); L=2-methoxy-2”-hydroxychalcone (2M2HC) and 4-methoxy-2”,4”-dichlorochalcone (4M24DC)] were subsequently prepared. The biological evaluation of the synthesized chalcone derivatives and their metal complexes was done. They were screened for antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Overall, the ligands (chalcones) and metal complexes demonstrated good to moderate antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.
Synthesis, Characterization and α-Amylase Inhibition Study of Substituted Schiff Base and Its Metal Complexes
(2023-12-31) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Osunniran, Wahab Adesina; Ajiboye, Abdulfatai Temitope
Mechanochemical synthesis is considered as a green and sustainable approach to chemical reactions since it requires little or no solvent, making the process more environmentally friendly by reducing waste and minimizing solvent related hazards. In this study, substituted Schiff base was synthesized from 2-aminophenol and 2- hydroxy-1-naphthaldeyde via mechanochemical synthesis method. The metal complexes were synthesized by reacting the ligand with metal(II) chlorides in ratio 2:1. The synthesized compounds were characterized by colour, melting point, molar conductivity, FT-IR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The ligand and its metal complexes were screened for α-amylase inhibitory activity. FT-IR results showed absorption bands in between the ranges 1628-1632 cm-1 and 1585-1597 cm-1 indicating the formation of azomethine C=N and aromatic C=C respectively. The metal complexes showed M-O absorption bands in between the range 519-579 cm-1 and M-N band in between the range 461-484 cm-1. The synthesized compounds displayed significant inhibitory activities (IC50: 2.00-8.43 mg/mL) against α-amylase comparable to the reference compound, acarbose (IC50: 9.12 mg/mL). These compounds can serve as viable templates in the formulation of new active antidiabetic drugs.
Synthesis, FT-IR Spectroscopic Studies and in vitro FRAP Assay of some Chalcone Derivatives and their Metal Complexes
(ACADEMIC STAFF UNION OF UNIVERSITIES, 2022) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Daramola, Kehinde Dele; Osunniran, Wahab Adesina
A variety of substituted chalcones, namely, 3”-aminochalcone, 2”,4”-dichlorochalcone, 2”-methoxychalcone, 4”-methoxychalcone and 2”-hydroxychalcone have been synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation and characterised by melting point and FT-IR spectroscopic technique. The tin(II), cadmium(II) and copper(II)) complexes of the 2”-hydroxychalcone (4E2HC) with the formula [M(L)2] were subsequently prepared. The 2”-hydroxychalcone and its metal complexes were evaluated for in vitro radical scavenging activity by carrying out ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. In almost all cases, the metal complexes exhibited higher activities than the ligand (chalcone). Notable activity (11.63 µM) was observed for the cadmium complex of the 4-ethoxy-2”-hydroxychalcone at 10 µg/mL. Limited structure–activity relationship (SAR) was established by considering the effect of different groups attached to the aryl rings and the metal centers on varying antioxidant activity. The enhanced activity may be due to the presence of electron-rich metals and electron-releasing ethoxy (-OC2H5) and hydroxy (–OH) groups. The confirmed bioactive compounds from this study can be used as effective template in medicinal chemistry for drug discovery.
Synthetic approaches toward the reserpine
(Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2018-03-26) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Zulfiqar, Ali Khan; Shahzad, Sohail Anjum; Anjum, Arooj; Naqvi, Raza Ali Syed
Reserpine is an indole alkaloid, antipsychotic, and antihypertensive drug that has been used for the control of high blood pressure and for the relief of psychotic symptoms. It was first isolated in 1952 from the dried root of Rauwolfia serpentina whose molecular structure was established in 1953 and natural configuration was published in 1955. The first total synthesis of reserpine was reported by Woodward in 1958. This review article updates current multistep synthetic approaches toward the reserpine natural product and its analogues.
The Studies of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials of the Leaf Extract of Bauhinia monandra Plant
(Longdom Publishing SL, 2015) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Ajiboye, Abdulfatai Temitope; Musa, MD; Otun, KO; Jimoh, Akeem Adebayo; Lawal, SO; Arowona, MT
In the present study, the dried leaf (144g) of B. monandra plant was extracted with 95% ethanol. The crude extract was partitioned into ethyl acetate and n-hexane layers to afford fractions with golden brown and greenish yellow colours respectively. The fractions were concentrated and coded EFBM and HFBM. The preliminary phytochemical screening conducted on the crude extract and ethyl acetate fraction (EFBM) revealed the presence of ﬂavonoids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, saponin, cardiac glycoside and phenols. The antioxidant activity of EFBM and HFBM was evaluated using DPPH radical scavenging assay with ascorbic acid as a reference standard. However, the result of analysis revealed that EFBM exhibited high antioxidant (IC50 µg/mL=0.010) activity than HFBM (IC50 µg/m = 5.564) and reference standard ascorbic acid (IC50 µg/mL=30). The antibacterial activity of EFBM and HFBM against three gram negative bacterial strains (Eschericha coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsillia oxytoca) was also evaluated and it was found that EFBM exhibited highest antibacterial potential. In contrast to this, HFBM showed negligible or zero activity against all the bacteria strains. The results of the GC-MS analyses of EFBM and HFBM showed the presence of nine different phytochemicals. In EFBM, oleic acid which is classified as monounsaturated omega-9-fatty acid with percentage concentration, (40.76%) was the major compound as identified by the GC-MS and 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-propyl-2-hexanone with percentage concentration, (42.70%) was identified as the major compound in HFBM. The results of this studies demonstrated that folk medicine can be as effective as modern medicine to combat pathogenic microorganisms. The millenarian use of the leaf of this plant in folk medicine suggests that it represents an economic and safe alternative to treat infectious diseases.
TOXICOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF SYNTHESIZED AND CHARACTERIZED TRANSITION METAL(II) COMPLEXES OF EFLORNITHINE HYDROCHLORIDE HYDRATE ON ALBINO RATS
(Chemical Society of Ethiopia, 2020-12-15) Bale, Adebayo Tajudeen; Osunniran, Wahab Adesina; Obaleye, Joshua Ayoola; Tella, Adedibu Clement; Ayipo, Yusuf Oloruntoyin; Rajee, Abdullahi Ola
Transition metal complexes of Cu(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) with eflornithine hydrochloride hydrate (EFN), an antitrypanosomiasis drug, as ligand have been synthesized and characterized by melting point, elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), electronic spectra, magnetic susceptibility and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The FTIR spectral data suggested the coordination modes of the ligand to be bidentate, coordinated to the metal ions through its carboxylate oxygen atom and an amino nitrogen atom. From the microanalytical data, the stoichiometry of the metal complexes is 1:2 (metal to ligand). The electronic absorption and magnetic susceptibility studies generally suggested octahedral geometry for the metal complexes. Toxicological evaluation of the ligand (EFN) and complexes were carried out using albino rats. Twenty-five albino rats that were used for the experiment were randomly divided into five groups and animals in group 1 served as a control. All the animals were sacrificed twenty-four hours after completion of their doses. The results revealed a high level of toxicity of EFN than the synthesized metal complexes.

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