Department of Economics

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Browsing Department of Economics by Author "Fatai Akosile"

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    CAPABILITY INDEX OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE SMALL SCALE SHEA INDUSTRY IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF GHANA
    (Department of Social Work and Community Development, University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria, 2021-01-21) Fatai Akosile
    There is proliferation of NGOs especially in the Northern Region of Ghana now regarded as the NGO capital of Ghana. This study therefore assessed the capabilities of NGOs operating in the Shea industry in the Northern Region of Ghana with respect to their internal management structures. The study is significant for community development as it highlights the importance of NGOs with required capabilities to reduce poverty among small scale Shea butter processors. The population of this study consists of all 30 NGOs registered with Shea Network Ghana and the census method was adopted because of the number. Questionnaire as the main instrument of the study was face and content validated by experts in community development and reliability tests were conducted using the Cronbach alpha formula. The study used mainly descriptive statistics such as the mean, range, and mode for data analysis. The study found the NGOs in the Shea industry in the Northern Region to have above average capability in terms of their human, physical, and financial resources. The study recommends inter alia that NGOs continue to recruit highly qualified personnel and maintain adequate quantity and quality physical resources to enable them contribute meaningfully to poverty reduction and community development in their areas of operations.
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    Determination of Comparative Advantage of Different Lines of Industrial Production for Export: Evidence from African Countries
    (Department of Economics and Development Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, 2024-06-13) Yusuf Toyin Yusuf; Fatai Akosile
    There is no gain saying in the crucial importance of high and sustainable economic growth, particularly in African countries. So also is the importance of countries using trade as an engine of growth, which is to be facilitated by identifying the possible lines of production for export market where the comparative advantage lies for the purpose of allocating a country’s resources accordingly. This informs the objective of the study which is to determine the comparative advantage of different lines of industrial production for export in Africa. To achieve this objective, the study’s theoretical background rests on the neo-classical theory-based growth accounting framework and Thirlwall’s (1979) theory on the role of industrial exports. Based on this, the study specified two panel economic growth equations and they are estimated with fixed effect (FE) estimation technique. The study therefore found that the greatest comparative advantage of African countries lies in the production of non-industrial goods (NIX) for export, followed by production for exports of non-manufacturing industrial goods (NMIX) while the country has neither a comparative advantage nor a comparative disadvantage in the production of manufactured goods (MX) for export. Based on these findings, policymakers should pursue a strategy aimed at improving the production of non-industrial goods for export in preference to production of non-manufacturing industrial goods for export and refrain from manufacturing in production for export market in order to promote economic growth in the short run and switch their policies in the long run, to focus on how to have comparative advantage in manufacturing by removing those obstacles that presently militate against the current lack of comparative advantage that is observed in the study, that could have contributed to the present lack of comparative advantage.
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    “Estimating Rural Farming Communities’ Willingness-to-Pay for Health Insurance Programme of Children under Five Years
    (Faculty of Management and Social Sciences, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria, 2024-07-28) Shehu Usman Adam; Haruna Mohammed; Fatai Akosile
    The death rate of children under-five from preventable and treatable diseases is said to be disproportionately high in rural agrarian communities. Meanwhile, health insurance is not accessible to such rural population, increasing out-of-pocket medical expenses in such communities. Surprisingly, the literature remains sparse on getting alternative ways for such communities to finance their health expenditure. This paper examines the rural households’ willingness-to-pay for health programme of children under five years old in Gujba local government. Data were analysed using contingent valuation method and the result shows that 60% of the households spent less than ₦1,600 per month in medical expenditure on their children. Meanwhile, sizeable number of the farming households (45.2%) earned an annual farm income of ₦800,000 - ₦1,000,000. The analysis shows that the respondents are willing to pay ₦8,438 for health progamme to ensure their children have access to health programme. The study also found that the offered insurance premium, income, service satisfaction and numbers of under five children in the household have significant effect on willingness-to-pay (WTP) while marital status, gender, age and education had no statistically significant effect on the WTP. The study concludes that having health programme for children in Gujba local government area of Yobe State is feasible since rural farming communities are willing to pay positive price (insurance premium) if the service is made available.
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    Estimating the Determinants of Food Inflation in Nigeria
    (Deapartment of Public Administration, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, 2023-06-08) Fatai Akosile
    This study investigates the determinants of food inflation in Nigeria, with a specific focus the impact of interest rates, exchange rates, and crude oil prices. Utilizing an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, the research captures both immediate and lagged effects of these macroeconomic variables on the food inflation rate from 1991 to 2023. The results reveal that interest rates have a significant negative impact on food inflation, indicating that higher interest rates tend to reduce inflation by curbing consumer spending and investment. The exchange rate demonstrates a mixed impact: while a weaker Naira initially raises food prices, the long-term effect shows a significant reduction in inflation, suggesting economic adjustments over time. Crude oil price was also found to have a positive and significant impact on food inflation rate in Nigeria. These findings underscore the need for a comprehensive approach to macroeconomic policy, integrating interest rate adjustments, exchange rate stabilization, and measures to mitigate the impact of crude oil price fluctuations. The study provides empirical evidence to guide policymakers in formulating strategies to achieve price stability, economic growth, and sustainable development in Nigeria, emphasizing the critical role of coordinated policy interventions in managing food inflation
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    IMPACT OF EXCHANGE RATE ON DOMESTIC CREDIT: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA
    (Faculty of Management and Social Sciences, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria, 2024-05-23) Yusuf Toyin Yusuf; Sodiq Olaiwola Jimoh; Felix Gbenga Olaifa; Fatai Akosile
    This study investigates the relationship between exchange rate fluctuations and domestic credit dynamics in Nigeria. Employing non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) and linear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models, this research explores the effects of Real Effective Exchange Rate (RER) on Domestic Credit (DOD) over a significant period. The findings of the non-linear ARDL analysis reveal a notable positive short-run effect of RER on DOD. Specifically, the depreciation of the naira appears to discourage market participants from assuming higher risks, resulting in a decrease in credit volumes. Conversely, an appreciation of the naira encourages market participants to take greater risks, leading toan improvement in credit volumes. However, the linear ARDL analysis demonstrates a contrasting negative effect of RER on DOD. In the context of the linear ARDL results, the appreciation of the naira seemingly discourages market participants from taking increased risks, consequently causing a deterioration in credit volumes. Based on the findings, a key policy recommendation emerges. Policymakers are advised to consider devaluing the naira to dissuade market participants from assuming higher risks, thereby potentially reducing credit volumes in the short run. This recommendation aims to address the observed dynamics between exchange rate movements and credit volumes, offering a strategic approach to influence market behaviors and credit outcomes in Nigeria's economic landscape.