The Role of Non-Yoruba Groups in the Transformation of Ilorin, 1790s-1820s

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dc.contributor.authorSalihu, Ismail Otukoko
dc.date.accessioned2026-05-14T10:30:20Z
dc.date.available2026-05-14T10:30:20Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractUp to about 1797 “Ilorin”, located in a region described as the northern ‘Yoruba Frontier,’ was a settlement within the Old Oyo Empire. Subsequently, it was transformed into a military stronghold of Aare-Ona-Kakanfo Afonja. By 1823\4 it became an emirate and was formally incorporated into the Sokoto Caliphate in 1829. During the period, “Ilorin” witnessed dramatic transformation from a ‘Yoruba’ settlement into a multi-ethnic community inhabited by various groups including the Baruba, Fulani, Gwari, Hausa, Kanuri, Nupe and Yoruba among others. Initially, these groups were diverse not only in origins but in orientations and ambitions; a larger proportion was, however, eventually united by the strong bond of Muslim brotherhood and, being influenced by the ideology of Shaikh Usman Dan Fodio’s Jihad, transformed a similar religious movement initiated in northern Yorubaland by Shaikh Alimi into a Jihad. The triumph of the Alimids over their non-Muslim antagonists led to the transformation from “Ilorin Afonja” to “Ilorin Garin Alimi.” In all these developments, the prominent role played by the non-Yoruba groups has been a widely acknowledged fact although not much has been done to give an adequate historical analysis. Therefore, this paper examines the roles of non-Yoruba elements in the events that characterized the socio-political transformation witnessed in Ilorin between 1790s and 1820s. It also draws attention to the relationship between the presence and involvement of such non-Yoruba elements and the actions and inaction of the leading actors in the events that unfolded during the transformation of Ilorin into an emirate in c.1824-1829.
dc.identifier.citationSalihu, I.O. (2019/2020): The Role of Non-Yoruba Groups in the Transformation of Ilorin, 1790s-1820s. Ibadan Journal of History (IJH), 7 & 8: 285-310.
dc.identifier.issn2705-3202
dc.identifier.urihttps://kwasuspace.kwasu.edu.ng/handle/123456789/7133
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherDepartment of History, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
dc.relation.ispartofseries7 & 8
dc.titleThe Role of Non-Yoruba Groups in the Transformation of Ilorin, 1790s-1820s
dc.typeArticle
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