Evaluation of Groundwater Prospect in a Clay Dominated Environment of Central Kwara State, Southwestern Nigeria
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Date
2018-06-30
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science (IJAERS)
Abstract
In this research, groundwater prospect of
Central Kwara have been investigated using electrical
resistivity method for both domestic and industrial
application in the face of scarce water resources,
occasioned by incessant borehole failure/low yield, has
prompted researches for viable source of water. The central
Kwara state falls within the basement complex region of
Nigeria known as the hard rock terrain, where availability
of groundwater is dependent mainly on structural features.
The general curve types obtained from the study area were
H, HA, KH and HKH types with the H curve type more
prominent in the study area. Three geoelectric sections
generated with resistivity parameters ranging between 350
to 1900 ohm-meters, 7.7 to 99.1 ohm-meter and above 3000
ohm-meter; making up the topsoil, weathered layer and
bedrock respectively. The topsoil is interpreted as
laterite/hard pan within thickness range of 0.4 and 2.2 m
while the weathered layer zone ranged between 0.9 to 36.1
m thickness respectively; making the overburden of the area
with thickness range of 1.4 to 42.7 m. The bedrock
resistivity ranges from 400 ohm-meter to 8192 ohm-meter,
indicative of weathered/fractured and fresh basement
respectively. The results of the vertical electrical sounding
were used to generate clay horizon resistivity map, clay
horizon thickness map, aquifer resistivity map and
overburden thickness map. This study reveals that the study
area is dominated by clay which lead to borehole failure
and dry up of hand pump well because most of the hand
pump well were terminated within the clayey formation.