Enhancing Security and Ownership Protection of Neural Networks Using Watermarking Techniques: A Systematic Literature Review Using PRISMA
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Date
2024-11-14
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Multimedia Watermarking: Latest Developments and Trends
Abstract
The rise of artiicial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) has
prompted concerns regarding the intellectual property (IP) protection of neural networks
(NNs). A
proposed solution is watermarking,
which incorporates a unique
identiier
into a NN.
However, the effectiveness of watermarking methods in
enhancing privacy and ownership secrecy remains questionable. This study intended
to evaluate the eficacy of watermarking techniques for enhancing the security and
ownership protection (SOP) of NNs. An exhaustive search of scholarly databases
for peer-reviewed journal articles and conference proceedings was conducted in
accordance with PRISMA standards. Eligible papers evaluated the eficacy of
watermarking techniques used to protect NNs. Twenty research articles using various watermarking techniques, including digital watermarking (DW), reversible
watermarking (REW), and robust watermarking (ROW), were analyzed. Various
performance indicators, such as detection rate (DR), robustness, and distortion,
were employed to evaluate the applicability of each method. The results demonstrated
that watermarking
techniques effectively
protected the intellectual property
of
NNs
with
minimal
impact
on
performance.
However,
the
need for
specialized
apparatus
and
the dificulty
of
incorporating watermarks
into
deep neural networks
(DNN)
hampered their implementation. To
improve
the practicability and effectiveness
of watermarking
techniques, additional research is required. Researchers, professionals,
and policymakers
should consider watermarking
to safeguard
the
intellectual
property of NNs in a variety
of domains, including inance, healthcare,
and
national security.
Keywords Watermarking · Neural network · Security and ownership protection ·
Systematic literature review · PRISMA