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Browsing by Author "Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi"

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A Follow-up Study on Lead Poisoning in Soil and Drinking Water Sources in Bagega Village in Zamfara State, Nigeria
(Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Kebbi State University, Kebbi, Nigera, 2024-12-31) Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi; Aminu, Liman; Sawyerr, Henry Olawale
Lead poisoning from artisanal small-scale gold mining has occurred in 38 villages in Zamfara State, Nigeria since 2010. Soils from only 8 of the affected villages had been remediated including those from the town used for this study. This study assesses the lead concentration in the soil and water media of the village. Soil samples were collected in the vicinity of the village as well as at the mining/processing site. Water samples were also collected from well, boreholes and the pond near the village. All samples were collected, preserved, and prepared for lead analysis using standard procedures. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was used for lead content analysis. Lead in the mining/processing site (soil) was 9200 to 12500 mg/kg while that of the village soil was between 10.1 and 33.6 mg/kg. Lead content was detectable only in the well water (0.1 to 0.3 mg/kg) and in the pond (0.9 to 1.21 mg/kg). Although the values were below the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guideline for soil lead, the level in water was elevated above the maximum allowable limit for drinking water. Better monitoring of children between 5 and 15 years of age for bioaccumulation was suggested to prevent future reoccurrence of the health impact of the affected children and young adults.
Assessment of drinking water quality in rural northern Nigeria: a case study of Diggi village in Kebbi State, Nigeria.
(2024-06-30) Sawyerr, Henry Olawale; Iyanda, Yusuf Ayodeji; Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi; Bagudu B. M.
The United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) target, and recently, World Health Organizations’ SDG goal, was to achieve access to safe and affordable drinking water for all. An important strategy to achieve these goals was to obtain up-to-date information of water sources and their quality, especially the rural areas. This study assesses and provides such information on the typical sources and quality of drinking water available in a northern Nigeria rural community, most of which still lack infrastructure for effective treatment and distribution. Water samples from three wells and two boreholes were collected, analysed in-situ and in the laboratory for quality – physico-chemical, heavy metals and bacteriological parameters using appropriate methods. The pH was within acceptable limit (5.64 – 7.77) except in the well located at Illela. Although the conductivity (12.6-435.0 µs/cm), TDS (7.45-261 mg/l), alkalinity (10.0-12 mg/l) and chloride (1.9-45.9) values were lower than the recommended WHO ranges, the values could affect acceptability of the water. The well in Kofar Yamma recorded high lead values (0.09 mg/l) as well as chromium (0.08 mg/l) and arsenic (0.06 mg/l). The five water sources have very poor microbiologic quality with records of E. coli in all the samples. Boiling, chlorination and better hygiene practice was recommended for the village community.
Biodiversity Status of the Immediate Vicinity of an Iron and Steel Recycling Factory in Ile-Ife, South-Western Nigeria
(Academic Press - Society of Land Measurements and Cadastre from Transylvania (SMTCT), 2015-07-01) Agboola, Oludare Oladipo; Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi; Oyedeji, Stephen
Floristic composition of vegetation communities of 27 plots established along a line transect in the four major directions was investigated in the vicinity of an Iron and Steel factory in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The aim of the study was to document the plant species composition (biodiversity) of the plant communities found within the 350 m perimeter of the facility in the study area, which will serve as a reference data, as there was no reported study for the area prior to the establishment of the factory. Plant species were identified to species level in a 10 x 10 m plot and the occurrence of each species was described in semi-quantitative terms. The vegetation is heterogeneous in nature having 31 species of tree saplings and climbers, 26 of shrubs, 15 of herbaceous plants and 4 of grasses. These 107 plant species belong to forty six (46) plant families. The dominant families included Apocynaceae and Papilionaceae (9 species), Sapindaceae (8 species), Euphorbiaceae (6 species), Asteraceae, Cucurbitaceae, Malvaceae, Poaceae, Sterculiaceae and Verbenaceae (4 species). Among the diverse species recorded, Chromolaena odorata formed a ticket in almost all the plots. Other common species included Albizia zygia, Alchornea laxiflora, Aspilia africana, Cnestis ferruginea, Combretum sp., Icacina tricantha, Ipomoea involucrata, Momordica foetida, Panicum maximum, Paullinia pinnata, Simicrata welwitschii and Vigna gracilis. The index of similarity of the plots ranged from 6.1 to 71.8%. The potential and vulnerability of the species were highlighted. Adherence to and enforcement of environmental regulations was recommended for preservation of the native species.
Climate, Urbanization and Environmental Pollution in West Africa
(MDPI (Basel, Switzerland), 2022-11-23) Ofoezie, Emmanuel I.; Eludoyin, Adebayo O.; Udeh, Ebere B.; Onanuga, Margaret Y.; Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi; Adebayo, Abdulqqudus A.
The need to elucidate the urbanization–climate–pollution nexus in West African arose from the several reported, but disjointed cases of climate extremes and environmental degradation in the sub-region. This review analyzed several scenarios, to appraise the trends and relationships among the individual elements in the nexus and to ascertain the status of sustainable development in the sub-region, using the expository review methods. Urbanization was essentially characterized by population growth without complementary infrastructural development, weak coping strategies against climate extremes, numerous economic challenges, and high risk of environmental pollution. Initiative for urban renewal, urban greening and smart city development was low, and preparedness against future impact of extreme climate events and climate change is uncertain. However, there is clear evidence that the concept of sustainable development is growing in the sub-region. This is intensified by the international funding agencies insisting on the incorporation of environmental issues into development, the enactment of environmental laws and policies, and the establishment of institutions of enforcement in each country. The review concluded that although the sub-region is at the brink of severe effects of population explosion and environmental degradation, the growing awareness and implementation of the sustainable development goals may come to the rescue.
Copper pollution effects on growth and biomass yield of Nigerian vegetables
(IKSAD Publishing House, 2023-05-21) Olawepo, Gabriel Kehinde; Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi
This study investigated the impact of copper pollution on the biomass and dry matter of two commonly consumed vegetables in Nigeria, Amaranthus hybridus (Efo tete) and Celosia argentea (Efo soko). The plants were grown in soil treated with different concentrations of copper (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg) and in unpolluted soil for comparison. The results showed that both vegetables absorbed copper from the soil, but the levels were within the permissible limit (5-100 mg/kg). Interestingly, the copper absorption did not affect the biomass or dry matter of the plants. These findings suggest that these vegetables are tolerant to copper pollution and could be cultivated in contaminated soils without affecting their nutritional value.
Ecological vulnerability: seasonal and spatial assessment of trace metals in soils and plants in the vicinity of a scrap metal recycling factory in Southwestern Nigeria
(Springer, 2014-07-01) Owoade, O. Kayode; Awotoye, O. Olusegun; Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi
The concentrations of selected heavy metals in the soil and vegetation in the immediate vicinity of a metal scrap recycling factory were determined in the dry and wet seasons using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results showed that the soil pH in all the sites indicated slight acidity (from 5.07 to 6.13), high soil organic matter content (from 2.08 to 5.60 %), and a well-drained soil of sandy loam textural composition. Soil heavy metal content in the dry season were 0.84–3.12 mg/kg for Pb, 0.26–0.46 mg/kg for Cd, 9.19–24.70 mg/kg for Zn, and 1.46–1.97 mg/kg for Cu. These values were higher than those in the wet season which ranged from 0.62–0.69 mg/kg for Pb, 0.67–0.78 mg/kg for Cd, 0.84–1.00 mg/kg for Zn, and 1.26–1.45 mg/kg for Cu. Except for cadmium in the dry season, the highest concentrations occurred in the northern side of the factory for all the elements in both seasons. An increase in the concentrations of the elements up to 350 m in most directions was also observed. There was no specific pattern in the level of the metals in the leaves of the plant used for the study. However, slightly elevated values were observed in the wet season (Pb 0.53 mg/kg, Cd 0.59 mg/kg, Cu 0.88 mg/kg) compared with the dry season values (Pb 0.50 mg/kg, Cd 0.57 mg/kg, Cu 0.83 mg/kg). This study showed that the elevated concentrations of these metals might be associated with the activities from the recycling plant, providing the basis for heavy metal pollution monitoring and control of this locality that is primarily used for agricultural purposes.
Effects of Vermicast and Cowdung on the Growth of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and Soybean (Glycine max L.)
(Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Kebbi State University, Kebbi, Nigera, 2025-06-01) Olawepo, Gabriel Kehinde; Isah, J. O; Fatoba, P. O.; Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi
Two essential legumes with both nutritional and financial advantages are groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) and soybean (Glycine max). Because organic fertilizers like vermicast and cow dung improve soil fertility, nutrient availability, and microbial activity, they can increase their growth and production. By comparing the impacts of different organic manures on groundnut and soybean growth performance, this study seeks to increase crop yield and offer insights into sustainable agriculture methods. The effects of organic fertilizers on the growth performance and physiology of Arachis hypogaea and Glycine max were investigated. This study used cow dung, vermicast, and a combination of cow dung and vermicast at three different concentrations: 45 g, 90 g, and 135 g. The following quantitative characteristics were measured: plant height, leaf area, leaf length, leaf breadth, leaf number, and branch number. Both species' fresh and dry weights as well as their levels of carotenoid and chlorophyll were measured. Based on the observed quantitative characteristics, the study found that the effect of three organic fertilizer treatments on Glycine max growth increases with increasing fertilizer concentration. Of the three treatments, the application of 135 g was the most effective (69.50±41.72a), while 45 g was the lowest (0.96±0.30abc). Except for cow dung, where the 45 g (36.00±0.00a) had the highest effect on Arachis hypogaea growth performance and the 90 g treatment had the least, the same pattern was noted. Vermicast is the least effective, while the combination of cow dung and vermicast is the most successful for both Glycine max and Arachis hypogaea. The combination of vermicast and cow dung is more beneficial for Glycine max, although vermicast has the greatest effect on Arachis hypogaea's chlorophyll A and B, total chlorophyll, and carotene concentration. The most beneficial effect on the fresh (20.78±0.78a) and dry weight (4.16±0.16a) of both plant species was found in cow dung. Therefore, compared to vermicast, cow dung, and the mixture are typically more successful at promoting plant development.
Evaluation of biomedical waste in Kogi State University Teaching Hospital, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria
(Academic Journals, 2017-04-01) Sawyerr, Henry Olawale; Adeolu, Adedotun Timothy; Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi; Adejoh, P. A.
Adequate handling, efficient treatment and effective methods of biomedical waste play a vital role in the hospital infection control programme. Inadequate management of healthcare waste is a serious concern in many developing countries due to the risks posed to human health and environment. This study evaluates the biomedical waste generated at the Kogi State University Teaching Hospital, Anyigba. Seven wards were selected within the health facilities to determine the quantities of waste. The result showed that total waste generated in seven consecutive days was 19.89 kg/week. The average waste generated in seven wards was 2.8 kg/week and average waste generated per day was 0.4 kg/day. The quantity of waste increased as the number of patients and visitors increased. There were non-availability of bags in all the bins used for waste collection, storage and the bins were not colour coded, neither was there segregation of waste in the seven units. The study equally showed that the waste collected from the hospital are subjected to open burning which may affect the health of the workers, patients, visitors and the residents. There should be proper management of healthcare waste which can be improved through employment and retraining of staff, provision of colour coded bins and at least an incinerator for waste treatment before final disposal.
Exploring University Undergraduate Students’ Knowledge and Attitudes towards Waste Management
(Faculty of Education, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria, 2024-05-01) Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi; Akanbi-Gada, Mariam A.; Iyanda, Yusuf Ayodeji; Ishola, Barakat Adebimpe
Abstract Waste generation is inherent in various processes, posing environmental and health challenges. Although Kwara State University administration is committed to maintaining a clean environment, the level of awareness among students remains unclear. This study examines the knowledge and attitudes of university undergraduates toward waste management in kwara State university, Malete. Three hundred and thirty-two students participated, with 96% being under 28 years old. Results showed that 66% of respondents are aware of waste management, 51% have not taken courses on the subject, and 65% are unconcerned about waste-related issues, though 78% are aware that improper waste disposal poses a health risk. Seventy-one percent dropped garbage in a car or throw it out of the window, or just dumped it in a neighboring bush or drainage. The study concluded that the knowledge of students was at an intermediate level, but their attitude towards waste disposal was insufficient. It was recommended that relevant topics and practical experiences should be integrated into the undergraduate curriculum to enhance awareness and better attitude.
Health Problems Associated with Frequent Use of Cell Phone Among Students in University of Ibadan, Nigeria
(SciOne - Science International, 2019-01-01) Adeolu, Adedotun Timothy; Adedokun, Victor Adeyimika; Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi; Ayoola, Elizabeth Olabisi
Mobile phones are no longer considered an accessory but have become a basic requirement of people’s lives. So many people especially the youths are dedicating a major part of their daily routine to using mobile phones. The popularity of the cell phones is often followed by an alarm towards the detrimental effects of cell phone radiations. This study seeks to identify health problems associated with frequent use of cell phone among undergraduate students of University of Ibadan, in southwestern Nigeria. The study was carried out among selected undergraduate students of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique was used to select three hundred and sixty-four (364) students from five halls of residence. A self administered semi-structured questionnaire was used to elicit information on the socio-demographics, extent of cell phone usage, factors that influence the pattern of cell phone usage, perceived health concerns with frequent usage of cell phone. Data collected were subjected to percentage; mean, standard deviation, correlation and chi-square statistical analyses. Few (22.7%) of the students reported strong attachment to their phone and cannot do without it in a day and believed that the attachment could cause insomnia, migraine and even cancer. The findings revealed that few (15.0%) of respondents agreed that frequent phone usage could cause cancer, loss of concentration (51.7%) and anxiety (55.4%). The study showed that that there is a direct relationship with strong attachment to phone usage and insomnia, headaches and concentration which can affect the health and academic performance of students.
Humic acid structural characteristics in soils under different land uses in Ilesa, Nigeria
(Walter de Gruyter (Sciendo), in collaboration with the Polish Society of Soil Science., 2024-06-01) Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi; Awotoye, Olusegun Olufemi; Adesanwo, Olushola Olajumoke; Adebola, Samuel Idowu
Numerous studies have examined the spectroscopic and elemental properties of soil humic acids (HA) from different soil orders, but little is known about how land usage affects the features of humic acids from Nigerian alﬁ sol. The aim of the study is to ascertain how land use affects HA properties, which have a signiﬁ cant impact on the quality of organic matter. It was predicted that HA characteristics are dependent on the agricultural use of the soil and its years of existence. The study was conducted on six different types of land uses in Nigeria: a maize farm (MF), a citrus grove (CT), an oil palm plantation (OP), an abandoned alley crop farm (AC), an agroforestry site (AG), and an area with solely natural vegetation (NC). Soil HAs were analysed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopies. The percent humic acid yield of 100 g of soil was highest at the uncultivated site. The HA samples appeared to be highly aromatic, condensed, and hydrophobic for all land use types, according to FTIR spectroscopy. The spectra also showed a low E4/E6 absorbance coeﬃcient, indicating a tendency for increased condensation of aromatic structures, higher molecular weight, and greater humiﬁ cation. No signiﬁcant effect due to land use was observed between the two techniques. However, further in-depth investigation is required on the impacts of factors such as particle size and the potential of HAs from these soils.
Impact of Biochar and Cowdung on Growth and Chlorophyll Content of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)
(Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Kebbi State University, Kebbi, Nigera, 2025-06-01) Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi; Olawepo, Gabriel Kehinde; Opeloyeru, N. A.; Lawal, B. Y.; Fatoba, P. O.
An experiment was conducted beside the central research laboratory of the University of Ilorin to study the effects of water hyacinth-derived biochar (WHB) and/or cow dung (CD) on the growth, yield, and chlorophyll content of Cucumis sativus. The treatment includes: 20 g WHB; 40 g WHB; 60 g WHB; 20 g CD; 40 g CD; 60 g CD; 10 g WHB+10 g CD; 20 g WHB+20 g CD; 30 g WHB+30 g CD. The treatments were laid out as a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Parameters assessed were plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, chlorophyll content (chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids), fresh leaf weight, and dry leaf weight. Application of 60 g CD gave the highest leaf number (11.0 leaves/plants) and plant height (27.00 cm), and 40 g CD gave the highest leaf area (50.75 cm2). There is no significant difference among the treatments on the effects on chlorophyll content, but the highest value was recorded in 20 g CD (CHL A-1.31 mg/g; CHL B-0.84 mg/g; total CHL21.58 mg/g; carotenoids: 4.24 mg/g). However, 60 g WHB produced the highest fresh leaf and dry weight (35.94 g and 13.47 g). It was concluded that using CD only has a promising effect on the plant growth and leaf area of Cucumis sativus. At the same time, the co-application of WHB and CD shows little or no enhancement, especially at high dosages when compared with the control and other treatment groups. 60 g WHB shows a promising effect on the fresh and dry weight of the Cucumis sativus leaf.
Impact of Dumpsites on the Quality of Soil and Groundwater in Satellite Towns of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria
(EHP PUBLISHING, 2017-06-01) Sawyerr, Henry Olawale; Adeolu, Adedotun Timothy; Afolabi, Abiodun Segun; Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi; Badmos, Biola Kazeem
Background: Urbanization, industrialization and changes in consumption patterns have compounded the problem of solid waste management in Nigeria. Poor waste management threatens the well-being and health of the local population, particularly those living adjacent to dumpsites. Objectives. An assessment of the impact of dumpsites in a satellite town of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria was carried out to determine the level of biophysical/chemical parameters (pH, temperature, conductivity, nutrients (calcium and magnesium), heavy metals (lead, chromium, zinc), and microbial burden) on the quality of soil and groundwater and their impact on health and the environment. Methods. Soil and ground water samples were collected in four different dumpsites (Bwari, Gwagwalada, Kuje and Azhatta) with reference samples taken from the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, and taken to the laboratory for biophysical/chemical analysis using standard methods. Results. The results were compared with the national and World Health Organization (WHO) standard limits for soil and water respectively. Except for zinc, the average concentrations for heavy metals in the soil samples were higher in all four dumpsites than the permissible levels. Soil and water parameters that exceed the standard limits pose significant health and environment risks to nearby residents. Conclusions. There is a need for raising the awareness of residents living close to dumpsites and those who use the well or nearby streams for domestic activities on the need to carry out adequate water treatment prior to its use.
Markers of Environmental Health: Nickel and Chromium Levels in Soil and Vegetation around a Steel Recycling Facility in Southwest Nigeria
(ScienceDomain International, 2014-04-07) Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi; Awotoye, Olusegun O.; Owoade, Oyediran Kayode
Aim: To mark the environmental health status in the vicinity of a steel recycling facility in southwestern Nigeria using Nickel and Chromium levels in the topsoil and leaves of Chromolaena odorata. Methodology: Conventional methods were used to determine some soil parameters (pH and electrical conductivity in 1:1 soil: deionized water; percentage organic carbon using chromic acid oxidation method and particle size analysis using hydrometer method). The metal content in the soil and plant samples were analysed using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer after digestion and extraction. Results: The results of the soil within the factory showed pH values of 7.50 – 8.80 and reduced organic matter content indicating alkaline conditions. Electrical conductivity values were comparatively higher for soils within the factory (423 – 1550 µs/m) than soils outside the factory (146 – 226 µs/m) showing presence of some soluble salts in the soil. The levels of Ni and Cr in the soil were higher within the factory than outside of the factory. Nickel concentrations of the soil increased with increasing distance from the factory up to 200 m. Similar trends occurred for Cr in the eastern side of the factory where the detectable concentrations (2.29±0.05 – 33.26±0.02 mgkg–1) was observed. The Ni content in the soil around the factory ranged from: North (0.76±0.01 – 1.46±0.06 mgkg–1); East (0.19±0.05 – 2.68±0.04 mgkg–1); West (0.21 ± 0.01 – 1.46±0.07 mgkg–1) and South (0.22±0.02 – 1.89±0.01 mgkg–1). Within the factory however, the scrap yard contained high concentration of Cr 24.15±0.04 mgkg–1 while the soils from the dumpsite for sorted wastes contained elevated concentrations of Ni (73.17±0.02 mgkg–1). Nickel and chromium content in the plant leaves in this study ranged from 1.40 – 3.60 mgkg–1 and 0.40 – 1.5 mgkg–1. Conclusion: Further increase in the Cr and Ni levels in the soil and plants of the study site poses a potential health hazard to animals that graze the area and man through consumption of forage and agronomic crops cultivated around the factory by peasant farmers.
Plastic Bag Usage, Inappropriate Disposal and Its Environmental Impacts in Ilorin Kwara State, Nigeria
(Department of Chemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, 2024-12-01) Akanbi-Gada, Mariam Abiola; Amubieya, Omolara Faith; Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi; Sule, B. T.; Olabamiji, S. T; Oyewopo, A. O.
Plastic bag usage and inappropriate disposal have become serious environmental issues, especially in developing nations with sometimes insufficient waste management infrastructure. Hence, the objective of this paper is to survey the plastic bag usage, inappropriate disposal and its environmental impacts in Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria by collecting primary data with 100 an online questionnaire. The results were then analyzed and displayed in graphical formats, such as pie charts. According to the poll, 76% of participants said they preferred using plastic bags, and 69% said they used them occasionally. Burning (45%) and open dumping (47%), two disposal techniques that greatly increase environmental contamination, were used. Additionally, 92% of respondents said they were aware of the negative environmental effects of disposing of plastic bags. The findings show that Ilorin has a significant reliance on plastic bags, and that inadequate waste management methods are causing environmental deterioration. The study discovered that although most people are aware of the harm plastic trash does to the ecosystem, inappropriate disposal practices are nevertheless common.
Public Perception and Adaptation to Climate Change in Moro Local Government, Kwara State, Nigeria
(Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, 2025-01-01) Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi; Rafiu, Fasilat Olajumoke; Akanbi-Gada, Mariam Abiola; Walliyyulahi, Sofiyat
The objective of this paper was to evaluate the public perception and adaptation to climate change in Moro Local Government, Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of 60 questionnaires were administered across five settlements. Findings revealed that 45% of respondents had heard about climate change, though awareness levels varied, with Igbo Oreku showing the highest awareness (11.7%) and Okete the lowest (3.3%). About 90% of respondents acknowledged changes in rainfall patterns and temperature, which significantly had impact on their agricultural operations. Majority (75%) noted that the dry season had lengthened, and 78.3% observed a shift in planting times due to reduced rainfall. While only 40% acknowledged contributing to climate change through deforestation, 46.7% were willing to adopt adaptation strategies like reducing wood burning and participating in environmental campaigns. The study concludes that climate change adaptation must address local socioeconomic realities and be supported by targeted policies. Recommendations include increasing public awareness through local government-led education programs, promoting sustainable practices, and enhancing collaboration between local authorities, NGOs and communities.
Sanitary Status and Compliance with the Standard Slaughter Practices in Karu Abattoir Abuja Municipal Area Council of the FCT, Nigeria
(International Journal of Current Innovations in Advanced Research, 2019-02-01) Adeolu, Adedotun Timothy; Opasola, Olaniyi Afolabi; Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi; Iyanda, Yusuf Ayodeji; Omenta, R. C
Abstract: Background and Objective: The sanitary and hygiene conditions of abattoir are of public health concern because of its implications on the quality of meat being sold in the markets. In Nigeria, very few studies have provided a comprehensive assessment of the sanitary status in the abattoir premises. This study assessed the sanitary status and compliance with the slaughter practices in Karu Abattoir, Abuja Municipal Area Council of the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire and observational checklist adapted from Policy guidelines on market and abattoir sanitation by the Federal Ministry of Environment. Eighty (80) staff and workers of the abattoir were interviewed. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: More than half (53.7%) of the respondents reported that there is inadequate water supply facility and sourced their water from tap (64.6%) and dispose their waste water in the nearby stream. More than two-third (77.6%) of the abattoir workers reported that there are adequate veterinarians and other health officers and routine post mortem examination is adequate in the abattoir. The study showed that the abattoir lacks infrastructure and compliance with slaughter practices as basic requirements for a good abattoir as stipulated in the Policy Guidelines on Market and Abattoir Sanitation. Conclusion: The regulations on the operations of the slaughterhouse were below the standard requirements and that much was needed to be done to improve the system at the facility. There is an urgent need to enforce the minimum standards as stipulated in the policy guidelines.
Soil Quality Assessment for Sustainable Land Management in Selected Locations in Malete, Moro Local Government Area, Kwara State
(Al-Hikmah University Central Journal, 2024-06-01) Akanbi-Gada, Mariam Abiola; Nurudeen, Funsho A; Saliu, Abiola Omolewa; Jimoh, Akeem A; Adepoju, Suraj A; Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi
Soil quality can be assessed by measuring soil properties, otherwise known as soil indicators. This study assessed soil quality in selected sites at Malete, Moro Local Government area of Kwara state, by evaluating its physical and chemical properties. Soil samples were collected from farmland and forestland sites in Malete, Kwara State. Physical and chemical properties, including pH, nitrogen, potassium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, organic carbon, organic matter, water holding capacity, cation exchange capacity, soil porosity, and bulk density, were determined using standard procedures and methodologies. A t-test was used to analyze significant differences (p<0.05) between the two locations. The results showed that forestland soils had a neutral pH (7.09), while farmland soils were slightly acidic (pH 6.93). Farmland had higher nitrogen (0.27%), potassium (1.22 mg/kg), and sodium (0.26 mg/kg) compared to forestland soils, although these differences were not significant. Forestland soils had significantly higher magnesium (2.14 mg/kg), available phosphorus (29.52 mg/kg), and cation exchange capacity (5.78). Farmland soils exhibited significantly higher total organic carbon (2.70 mg/kg), organic matter (4.66 mg/kg), and water-holding capacity. Forestland soils had higher porosity (68.15%) and bulk density (2.52 g/cm³) than farmland. The results highlight key differences in soil properties between forestland and farmland. Forestland soil is generally healthier than farmland soil, with better pH, magnesium, phosphorus, and Cation Exchange Capacity, which promote fertility and plant growth. However, farmland soil shows higher nitrogen, potassium, and sodium levels, beneficial for short-term crop productivity.
The Social Behaviour and Perceived Impact of Headphone Use across Selected Tertiary Institutions in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
(Fountain University Journals, 2025-01-01) Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi; Sani, Mohammed; Adiama, Yusuf Bolaji; Yusuf, Mohammed
Background: Noise is regarded as sound which is generated as a byproduct of man-made or natural activities introduced directly or indirectly into the environment usually at levels above 80 dB. Daily exposure to noise in many occupations may impair hearing or reduce efficiency or both. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the headphone usage habits among adolescents in selected tertiary institutions in Ilorin and to examine the perceptions of adolescents regarding the impact of headphone use on their hearing health. Methodology: Data were collected from respondents across three universities in Kwara State using a descriptive survey research approach through a structured questionnaire to gather data from the students. The sample was drawn randomly in three key zones of the institutions – the Administration building area, the university bus park and the University library. Background sound level in these areas were also recorded. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics using SPSS 20 and the results were presented in frequencies and percentages to highlight trends across the study variables. Result: The findings reveal that most respondents (43.5%) prefer listening to music at medium volumes, with fun and relaxation (74.5%) being the primary motivations for headphone use. However, a significant portion experiences negative effects such as ear soreness, ringing in the ears, and distraction (62.0%). Despite these issues, many respondents show a lack of concern about potential hearing loss, highlighting a gap in awareness about the risks of excessive sound exposure. Additionally, the study finds that respondents often use headphones as part of their daily routine, with 43% occasionally removing their headphones to engage in social interactions. Conclusion: Several factors influence the reasons for headphone use among adolescents in these universities. Their behavior, perceived health implications, and experiences differ based on the duration and volume of exposure, as well as the background noise levels. The study recommended developing guidelines to promote mindful headphone use in shared spaces considering the growing incidence, especially among young persons. Parents, educators, and healthcare professionals should play active roles in raising awareness about safe listening habits.

Browsing by Author "Salami, Olalekan Oluwatoyosi"

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