Browsing by Author "Rashidat Sumbola Akande"

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    Are the Determinants of Imports Similar Across Manufactured Products? Evidence from Nigeria
    (Journal of Economics, Management and Trade, 2018-12) Ebenezer Adesoji Olubiyi; Felix Gbenga Olaifa; Rashidat Sumbola Akande
    The study investigates the determinants of selected manufactured imports in Nigeria with a special focus on the role of domestic production. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) in the context of new trade theory was utilised with data coverage between 1985 and 2016. Results show that imports of various manufactured products are affected differently by some factors. In particular, domestic output of electrical & electronics have a significant and negative effect on own imports. However, there was no significant effect of domestic production of petroleum products on imports of the same goods. Also, the effect of domestic output of food & beverages on imports of same product is positive. Further, the sensitivity of imports to exchange rate changes differ across products, in some it have immediate effect while in some it delays for a year. In the same vein, while GDP is an important driver of imports of some products, it is unimportant for some. Also, it is only food & beverages imports that significantly respond to change in tariffs. The overall conclusion from this study is that drivers of import demand differ across products.
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    Gender, Regulation Efficiency and Informal Employment in Sub-Saharan Africa
    (Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2021-06-30) Rashidat Sumbola Akande; Hauwa KK Abdul Kareem; Taofeekat T Sulaimon
    Regulation efficiency is essential in addressing the growing informal sector in developing countries because informality thrives with an inefficient legal and regulatory framework of an economy. This paper, therefore, seeks to explore the effect of regulations on informal employment across a panel of 36 sub-Saharan Africa from 2005 to 2018. The study includes both the business and labour aspects of regulation to analyse the effect. The fixed effect and GMM method of panel regression analysis was adopted to achieve the objective of the study. The result suggests that an increase in labour regulation efficiency is associated with a reduction in informal employment while there exists no significant relationship between efficient business regulation and informal employment. The study further investigates how the outcomes affect both genders and the output. The study suggests that efficient labour regulation is gender-specific, as the result is only consistent for the male. It is therefore imperative to incorporate more female gender-specific incentives in the social and labour regulations to compensate for the imbalance of social roles of women that may affect their choice to work in the formal or informal sector.
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    Gender, Regulation Efficiency and Informal Employment in Sub-Saharan Africa
    (International Research Alliance for Sustainable Development (IRASD), 2021-06-28) Rashidat Sumbola Akande; Hauwa K. K. Abdul Kareem; Taofeekat T. Sulaimon
    Regulation efficiency is essential in addressing the growing informal sector in developing countries because informality thrives with an inefficient legal and regulatory framework of an economy. This paper, therefore, seeks to explore the effect of regulations on informal employment across a panel of 36 sub-Saharan Africa from 2005 to 2018. The study includes both the business and labour aspects of regulation to analyse the effect. The fixed effect and GMM method of panel regression analysis was adopted to achieve the objective of the study. The result suggests that an increase in labour regulation efficiency is associated with a reduction in informal employment while there exists no significant relationship between efficient business regulation and informal employment. The study further investigates how the effect affects both genders, and the output suggests that efficient labour regulation is gender- specific, as the result is only consistent for the male. It is therefore imperative to incorporate more female gender- specific incentives in the social and labour regulations to compensate for the imbalanced social roles of women that may affect their choice towork in the formal or informal sector.
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    IMPACT OF EDUCATION ON LIVING STANDARD IN NIGERIA
    (2016-06-11) Rashidat Sumbola Akande
    Education brings about awareness and increases opportunities for growth and development. On the individual level, education brings about economic opportunities and improves individual standard of living. On the aggregate level, education improves labour skills leading to increase in productivity and overall standard of living. The present study employed the Johanson Cointegration Test and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to investigate the relationship between education and standard of living. The variables used include per capital real GDP, government expenditure on education and health. The result suggested a long-run relationship between the variables, implying a rapid adjustment towards equilibrium.
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    Informal Sector and Financial Development in Sub-Saharan Africa
    (Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2023-12-28) Sodiq Olaiwola Jimoh; Rashidat Sumbola Akande; Hauwah AbdulKareem; Odunayo Bidemi Jimoh; Taofeekat Temitope Sulaimon; Yusuf Toyin Yusuf; Israel Adegboye; Aminat Mama Usman
    Since a persistent increase is seen in the size of the informal sector and its continuous coexistence alongside the formal sector and institutional development, this study empirically examines the effect of informal sector size on the financial development in Sub-Saharan Africa for the period 1996-2019. The study represents financial market development by the financial market depth, which is regressed against informal sector size, growth rate of GDP, interest rate, trade openness, and institutional quality index. The study relied on the estimates of the Discroll-Kraay and IV-2LS. Results indicate that informality repressed financial development, while trade openness, growth rate of gross domestic product, interest rate, and institutional quality have a positive impact on financial development. It is therefore recommended for policymakers to reduce the size of informality to improve the financial sector.
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    Leaving No One Behind: Examining the effect of financial, gender, and digital inclusion on sustainable development
    (Wiley, 2024-10-14) Hauwah K. K. Abdulkareem; Sodiq Olaiwola Jimoh; Taofeekat Temitope Nofiu; Rashidat Sumbola Akande
    This paper analyzes the effects of different dimensions of inclusion toward the attainment of sustainable development in 33 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries from the financial, gender, and technological perspectives between 2004 and 2021. This study employs the System Generalized Method of Moments given its ability to address potential endogeneity issues, capture the dynamic nature of relationships, and mitigate potential biases while adopting the Driscoll–Kraay standard errors for robustness check. Findings reveal two of the three measures of financial inclusion wield positive and significant effects on sustainable development while credit to the private sector is found to be detrimental. Also, all three measures of gender inclusion (female employment to population, female labor force participation rate, and the number of women holding a seat in parliament) positively influence sustainable development. Contrastingly, the coefficients of digital inclusion (mobile phone sub scription and internet usage) were revealed to be harmful to sustainable development in SSA. This paper advocates for increased financial inclusion through financial liter acy, customized financial products, and gender-sensitive financial services. Pertinent are gender policies that address gender norms in addition to the enactment, avowed commitment, and support for affirmative action toward closing gender gaps across all sectors and at all levels.