Browsing by Author "Mustapha, Aliru Olajide"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Alternative method of reducing sugars determination in some selected fizzy drinks and fruits by chromic acid reagent
    (Alternative method of reducing sugars determination in some selected fizzy drinks and fruits by chromic acid reagent, 2020-04-30) Mustapha, Aliru Olajide
    Chromic acid reagent as an alternative colorimetric method for the quantitative determination of reducing sugars and ascorbic acid in some selected fizzy drinks: Seven Up, Limca, Mirinda, Cocoa-Cola, Fanta, Pepsi Cola, Maltina, Guinness Malt, Hi-Malt and Maltonic) and fruits: pineapple (Ananas cosmoses), sweet orange (Cimifi sinensis), grape fruit (Dints paradise) and tangerine (Citrus reticulate) has been studied. Chromic method involves sugar solution of about 1% concentration. treated with an equal volume of concentrated nitric acid and a few drops of a 5% solution of potassium dichromate was added, a blue colour develops in less than a minute in the cold and the absorbance taken in a Spectronic 20D Spectrophotometer at 560 um. Results obtained from the simple chromic acid as test method compares well with those obtained from the titrimetric methods of Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC, 2012) and Pearson (1991) as control, with negligible variations. Apart from being a very powerful oxidizing agent, its reaction with monosaccharide, disaccharides and ascorbic acid are less-time consuming, showed distinct colour development and its easy preparation, made chromic acid reagent a faster, better and suitable alternative method for the quantitative determination of reducing sugars and ascorbic acid in routine analyses of foods.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Analysis of some illicit drugs and abused pharmaceuticals in municipal wastewaters (effluents).
    (Federal University of Technology, Lafia, 2019-06-20) Mustapha, Aliru Olajide
    A study of myriads of chemical pollutants in aquatic environment was carried out from the effluent of Nottingham Sewage Treatment Works (STWs) in United Kingdom. Using a solid phase extraction - gas chromatography technique (SPE-GCMS), fifteen compounds detected in sampled STW effluents ranged between 1.1 - 33.5 ng L-1 with percentage recoveries of 78.6 – 97.8%. The most abundant compounds found in the final effluent were nicotine, ibuprofen, codeine, ephedrine, procaine, benzoylecgonine, lidocaine, and caffeine, with mean concentrations of 21.4 ± 6.4, 16.7± 4.8, 15.1 ± 6.3, 10.1 ± 3.9, 9.1 ± 3.4, 5.6 ± 3.1, 5.3 ± 5.2 and 5.2 ± 1.9 ng L-1, respectively. The instrumental limits of detection (LODs) from 0.1 – 1.7 ng L-1, with standard deviations (STDs) of 1.1– 21.4% for all the compounds were also observed. The levels of illicit drugs and abused pharmaceuticals detected from the effluents showed the occurrence of these drugs and the Nottingham STW as one of the main transport routes to the receiving environment. These findings have further shown that chemicals in effluent get to the environment due to their incomplete removal from the STW. Persistence influx of these pollutants into the aquatic environment may have implication on ecosystems.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Oxidative stability of palm oil (Elias guineesis) at different storage conditions.
    (Babcock University, Illisan– Remo, 2019-07-20) Mustapha, Aliru Olajide
    The influence of presence/absence of air and presence and absence of light on the oxidation of palm oil (Elias Guineesis) from 3 to 15 days at the laboratory storage conditions: (i) oil kept in airtight container in the presence of (ii) Oil kept in airtight container in the absence of light (iii) Oil kept in open container in the presence of light (iv) Oil kept in open container on the bench in the absence of light in the laboratory for two weeks duration were studied. The analyses were on the changes in chemical characteristics such as acid, iodine, peroxide and saponification values using the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) methods. The results from the four storage conditions of palm oil showed no significant changes (p < 0.5) in the chemical parameters except for iodine values for the storage period. The changes in the levels of iodine values of palm oil at both daylight (40.98 mgKOH/g) and presence of air (38.64 mgKOH/g) were very significant (p < 0.5). Saponification value (324.34 mgKOH/g) was the highest changing parameter in palm oil on exposure to daylight and 312.50 mgKOH/g on exposure to air/oxygen storage conditions. The oxidative stability of palm oil as functions of chemical parameters were generally dependent on the mode of storage.