Browsing by Author "Muinat Usman"

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    Variance components, correlation and path analyses in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L., Walp)
    (2021) Olawale Mashood Aliyu; Adeyemi Odunola Tiamiyu; Muinat Usman; Yusuf Folorunsho Abdulkareem
    Cowpea as a low-input crop has a potential to significantly ameliorate poor nutrition and food insecurity in sub-Sahara Africa if problem of poor seed yield is addressed. Adequate information on the relationship between yield components and seed yield is, however, crucial for the development of better-quality varieties to improve farmers’ field yield. To this end, twelve cowpea accessions of different seed sizes and mixed pedigrees were evaluated for two years in field trials of three replications laid out in a randomized complete block design. Data collected on plant vigour indices, yield components and seed yield were analyzed for variance components, Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling for path analysis. The accessions exhibited significant variation for all yield components including seed yield. In addition, the variance estimates indicated that substantial variations recorded were mostly genetic with high heritability values. Earliness in flowering and pod maturity recorded highly significant correlations and direct effect with yield components and seed yield. Positive correlation between precocity and high yield could be exploited in the development of improved varieties with early maturity for the savannah ecology with a characteristic short wet season. Importantly, all seed yield components are significantly correlated with each other and to total seed yield. Pods per plant, however, recorded highest coefficient values (r = 0.85; P < 0.001; 1.38**) for both Pearson correlation and path analysis, respectively, suggesting its importance as a yield component with highest direct effect on seed yield and should be a core selection index in cowpea breeding. The effect of size-number trade-off accounts for the counterbalance of direct effects of seeds per pod/plant (number) and seed weight (size) in cowpea and should be determined on genotype and/or seed size basis during selection. Plant vigour characters had no direct contribution to seed yield
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    WEED BIOMASS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF OKRA (ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS (L) MOENCH) AS INFLUENCED BY SPACING AND PENDIMETHALIN-BASED WEED MANAGEMENT
    (University of Belgrade, 2018-09-18) Emmanuel O. Imoloame; Muinat Usman
    Field trials were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria, to determine the effect of plant spacing and weed control methods on weed infestation, growth and yield of okra during the 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons. The experiment consisted of twelve treatments comprising six weed control methods and two plant spacings. The method of weed control consisted of pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 , pendimethalin at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 , pendimathalin at 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 + one supplementary hoe weeding (SHW) at 6 weeks after sowing (WAS), two hoe weedings at 3 and 6 weeks after sowing (WAS), weeding at 4 and 8 weeks after sowing (WAS) and a weedy check. The plant spacings were 60cm x 30cm and 60cm x 50cm. These treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangements and three replications. Weed control and plant spacing treatments were allocated to the subplots and the main plot respectively. Results showed that a plant spacing of 60cm x 30cm minimized weed infestation and resulted in a higher total number of pods/plot and okra fresh weight, while pendimethalin at 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 + one supplementary hoe weeding at 6 WAS minimized weed infestation in the plots, and led to the highest total number of pods and yield of okra. This combination also promoted higher economic returns.