Browsing by Author "Lawal, A. R."

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    Composition of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L. Cv. Fiji Dwarf) Edible Endosperm and Physicochemical Properties of its Oil
    (Jewel Journal of Scientific Research, 2021-08-21) Abdulkareem, K. A.; Olayinka, B. U.; Lawal, A. R.; Adeniji, O. A.; Ibuowo, M. B.; Jacobs, O. E.; Abdulra’uf, L. B.; Kareem, I.; Aboyeji, O. O.; Mustapha, O. T.; Etejere, E. O.
    Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is one of the most important oil producing crops in the world. It has enormous industrial and health benefits. To affirm the foregoing, the proximate and physicochemical constituents of the oil extracted from the edible endosperm were determined. The results showed that percentage moisture, protein, ash, crude fat, crude fibre and carbohydrate had respective values of 42.39 %, 6.21 %, 1.04 %, 17.18 %, 8.95, and 23.69 %. The edible mesocarp has high amount of mineral elements such nitrogen, potassium, calcium and phosphorus. Whereas, elements such as sodium, manganese, magnesium, copper and chlorine occurred in low quantity. The physicochemical properties of the oil showed a refractive index of 1.46, specific gravity of 0.92 g/cm3, acid value of 2.15 %, free fatty acid of 1.08 %, saponification of 125.980 mgKOH/g and iodine value of 2.89 indicating that the oil is good for consumption. Given, the results of proximate and mineral compositions, the edible endosperm could therefore be considered as good source of energy and alternative source of dietary supplement for human nutrition.
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    Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction/HPLC techniques for determination of oxytetracycline and doxycycline residues in beef samples: method developments and statistical analysis
    (Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences, 2023-04-10) Aliu, M. A.; Junaid, A. M.; Ibraheem, A.; Ishaq, A.; Lawal, A.; Ayeni, K. E.; Lawal, A. R.; Abdulrauf, L. B.
    A rapid, cost-effective and environment-friendly sample pre-treatment method involving dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed and applied for the extraction of oxytetracycline and doxycycline residues in beef samples (liver, kidney and muscle). Several influencing factors associated with the extraction and separation of these antibiotics residues, such as sample size, type and volume of disperser and extraction solvents, centrifugation speed and time, were optimized using Plackett-Burman design and central composite design, while insignificant factors were fixed at values determined using univariate analysis. Figures of merit of the analytical methodology including the limit of detection (LOD), the limit of quantification (LOQ), accuracy (in terms of average recoveries), precision and calibration functions were established according to the European Union commission decision 2002/657/EC. Linearity, in the range of 5–500 µg/kg, was obtained with regression coefficients ranging from 0.9983 – 0.9999. Inter-day repeatability, intra-day precision, LODs and LOQs obtained were 3.81 – 14.90%, 3.80 – 8.70%, 4.21 – 4.69 µg/kg and 14.02 – 15.65 µg/kg respectively. Samples with detectable drug residues have oxytetracycline being the most commonly detected. The developed method was successfully established and the concentration levels of drug residues detected were lower than the European Union set maximum residue level (MRL).
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    Effect of phosphorus fertilizer and shoot pruning on growth, yield and fruit quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
    (Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2023-12-29) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulbaki, A. S.; Oyewole, M.; Jacob, O. E.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Lawal, A. R.; Abdulra’uf, L. B.; Isiaka, K.; Muhammed, G. Y.; Ezekekwu, C. P.; Mustapha, O. T.
    This study aimed to investigate the tolerance level and the use of primers (H2O, KNO3, ascorbic acid and salicylic acid), in mitigating stress in maize in the newly released cultivars (SWAN-LSR-Y, BR9928-OMR-SR-Y and OMR-LSR-SY). Activities of SOD, APX, CAT and GSH and lipid peroxidation were investigated, to measure the biochemical response of the primed maize seeds. Maize seeds primed with KNO3 and ascorbic acid improved germination and anti-oxidative potential against ROS in ameliorating the salinity stress, while salicylic acid slowed germination. The same trend was followed in the seed vigour index and radicle length of seeds primed with ascorbic acid, which recorded the highest values. The control was observed to have the highest seed vigour index, while seeds primed with salicylic acid showed the least vigour index in the maize seeds. Increased salinity stress showed adverse effects on all growth parameters. Of the maize cultivars tested, SWAN-LSR-Y showed the most tolerance to salinity stress, in terms of germination. Significant high enzymatic activities and lipid peroxidation were recorded in seeds primed with ascorbic acid and KNO3 show their importance in plant metabolic activities.
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    EFFECT OF WEED CONTROL STRATEGIES ON PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF MAIZE, COWPEA, AND THEIR INTERCROP
    (FUDMA Journal of Sciences, Faculty of Science, Federal University, Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, 2021-12) Lawal, A. R.; Olayinka, B. U.; Etejere, E. O.; Abdulra’uf, L, B.
    Weed interference causes low land-use efficiency, expensive cost of production, related to control of plant and pests, low quality of crops and high cost and less efficient utilization of labour. The increase in herbicide resistance weeds which has led to increase use of herbicide has been a great concern to human health. This necessitated the need to investigate the effect of pendimethalin (P) with supplementary hand weeding (HW) on weed control efficiency and proximate composition of maize, cowpea and their intercrop. Field experiments were carried out in 2017 and 2018 rainy seasons. The field layout followed complete randomized block design with three replicates. There were eight treatments: Sole Maize/Cowpea + P, Sole Maize/Cowpea + P + 1HW at 3 weeks after sowing (WAS), Sole Maize/Cowpea + P+ 2HW at 3 and 6 weeks after sowing (WAS), Sole Maize/Cowpea weedy check, Intercrop + P, Intercrop + P + 1HW at 3WAS, Intercrop + P + 2HW at 3 and 6 WAS and Intercrop weedy check. It was observed that, P+1HW and P+2HW significantly (p≤0.05) increased carbohydrate (3.61%, 5.61%, 3.73% and 5.75%), protein (13.30%, 15.20%, 5.78% and 14.62%) and lipid contents (60.25%, 87.46%, 56.61% and 64.87%) in maize, cowpea and their respective intercrop. It can be concluded that the use of pendimethalin and 1 supplementary hand weeding effectively suppress weed-crop competition and increase the proximate composition of maize and cowpea.
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    EFFECTS OF EXPIRED, NON-EXPIRED PENDIMETHALIN AND HAND WEEDING ON THE BIO- PRODUCTIVITY AND SEED QUALITY OF GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.)
    (2023-03) Lawal, A. R.; Olayinka, B.U.; Ayinla, A,; Sidiq, A.; Bulala, A. F.; MUKTAR, S. M.; Abdulra’uf, L. B.
    The use of expired herbicides to suppress weeds growth is becoming prevalent among farmers. Hence the need to investigate and compare the effect of expired and non-expired pendimethalin and hand weeding on weed suppression, growth, yield and composition of groundnut. The experiment was carried to investigate seven weed treatments during the rainy season in 2020. These were sole pendimethalin non-expired at 0.75 kg ai/ha (T1), pendimethalin non-expired at 0.75 kg ai/ha + one hand weeding at 6 weeks after sowing (T2), pendimethalin expired at 0.75 kg ai/ha (T3), pendimethalin expired at 0.75 kg ai/ha + one hand weeding at 6 WAS (T4), two hand weeding at 3 and 6 WAS (T5), weed free check (T6) and weedy check (T7). Desmodium trifolium, Amaranthus spinosus and Commelina benghalensis were the most preponderant weed species. Both expired or non-expired pendimethalin and their integration with one hand weeding reduced weed population than other treatments. Pendimethalin nonexpired + one hand weeding at 6WAS and two hand weeding at 3 and 6 WAS significantly increased the growth parameters and yield when compared with other treatments. There was marked increase in protein, fat and ash contents of the seeds in all the weed control treatments than the weedy check. Also, the mineral elements (Fe, Ca, K and N) with the exception of zinc (Zn) were significantly higher in weed control treatments compared with the weedy check. The study established in spite of positive influence of all weed control treatments on seed quality, two hand weeding at 3 and 6 WAS and non-expired pendimethalin + one hand weeding 6 WAS, should be reinforced for weed control and the use of expired pendimethalin should be discouraged.
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    Influence of pendimethalin and hand weeding on mineral composition of maize, cowpea and their intercrop
    (Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, 2020) Lawal, A. R.; Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulra’uf, L. B.; Etejere, E. O
    Weed competition has been a major challenge limiting crop yield especially in intercropping systems. Information on the use of chemicals for weed control in intercropping systems appears scanty. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of pendimethalin (P) at 1 kg active ingredient/ha, and hand weeding (HW) on mineral contents of the harvested grains and effects of various weed control treatments in maize, cowpea, and their intercrop. Field experiments were carried out during the 2017 and 2018 rainy seasons. The field layout followed complete randomized block design with three replicates. There were eight treatments: Sole Maize/Cowpea + P, Sole Maize/Cowpea + P + 1HW at 3 weeks after sowing (WAS), Sole Maize/Cowpea + P+ 2HW at 3 and 6 weeks after sowing (WAS), Sole Maize/Cowpea weedy check, Intercrop + P, Intercrop + P + 1HW at 3WAS, Intercrop + P + 2HW at 3 and 6 WAS and Intercrop weedy check. It was observed that, P+1HW and P+2HW in both cropping systems have significant effects (p<0.05) and effectively control weed and increase the mineral contents in maize, cowpea, and their respective intercrop. The study revealed that, the mineral composition of maize and cowpea grains were improved by using pendimethalin with supplementary hand weeding. The study recommends that farmers should adopt intercropping maize with cowpea using pendimethalin plus one supplementary hand weeding at 3 WAS.